UNIVERSITY OF MORATUWA Faculty of Engineering Department of Civil Engineeting M.Eng,/ PG Diploma in Foundation and Earth Retaining Systems Final Examination CE 5401 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF DEEP FOUNDATIONS Time allowed: 3 hours + 15 minutes December 2017 ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: No INSTRUCTIONS FOR CANDIDATES: ‘This paper contains 3 questions on 4 pages. examination accounts for 70% of the module assessment, not permitted. Only equipment allowed is a calculator approved and labeledwed in a site haying near horizontal ground surface, Three layers ‘were identified in the three boreholes drilled covering the area of the site and the observed thicknesses and the average SPT blow counts of the layers are given in Table QL.1. ‘Table QI.2 gives the coring records through the bedrock at the three borehole locations and the UCS values ‘obtained from laboraiory testing the rock cores are given in Table Q1L.3. Any rock layer having GB less than 10% with zero RQD is assumed as very dense completely weathered rock with SPT N greater than 50, IC is proposed to use_1000mm diameter bored and cast in-situ piles socketed 2m in to the fresh/moderately weathered rock to support Ue volun loads consisting ‘of 2345 KN dead load ‘and 1875 KN live load, Carty out the design checks ofthe piles under the following steps. ‘2. Outline methodologies and quality control measures you would adopt during design and QL. A high-rise building is propo! construction stages to ensure: i. that the carrying capacity and construction issues are sorted out before the construction of the working piles; ii, that the piles are terminated in moderately/fresh weathered bedrock according to the specifications; and conereting of the pile shaft are properly done without integrity issues. [9 marks] 'b. Estimate the soil strength parameters of the subsurface from the observed SPT blow counts obtained from BH 3 to determine the skin friction of the subsurface soil layers eet -method (Energy ratio 60%, borehole diameter 70mm and nonlinear used). {6 marks] n of BH 3. Using the same average ultimate skin friction for the relevant soil s, estimate the ultimate skin friction at the other borehole locations. | [marks] — ultimate skin friction from the socketed length of the pile at each | mito propanekby William et al. (1981).fe. Estimate the Rock Mass Rating (RMR) of the rock encountered at each borehole location, (lint: you may assume the facture surfaces are rough and moderately weathered and fracture spacings are filled with hard infilling materials in moderate/fresh bedrock) [6 marks] f. Estimate the allowable end bearing capacity of the bedrock mass at each borehole location. [3 marks] ‘g. Using the above determined carrying capacities, estimate the design carrying capacity of apile from this site using Euro code 7 stating clearly the assumptions made. [Hint: A factor of safety of 3.0 may be applied to the allowable end bearing capacities of piles estimated in (f) above to obtain the ultimate end bearing capacities] (7 marks] hh. Estimate the settlement of a pile at the location of BH 3 clearly showing the method followed to obtain the elastic compressibility parameters of soil and rock. [6 marks] Q2. In a major apartment development project in Colombo, a single row of three 800mm, diameter 14.5m long piles connected by a pile cap is proposed to support a retaining wall Subjected to 870 KN horizontal load and q moment of 877 kNm at the level of the pile eap, The fl Spacing beter the piles in the group is three times the pile diameter. A borehole investigation ‘the critical ground condition with the observed SPT blow counts as shown in Figure Z ‘The piles may be considered as fixed at the level of the pile cap and the ultimate bending, i SS sed pile section is 650 kNm.@. a. An Engineer argued that conditions should be assessed during re-striking of the pile. Do you agree with his view? the long term capacity of a pile driven in cohesive subsurface Explain the reasons. [4 Marks} Do you agree with the statement “Wave equation method addresses most of the a shortcomings in the pile driving equations”? Justify your answer giving reasons. [4 Marks] ¢. A 25m long 400mm square pile used for a two storey building in a project is installed using a diesel hammer with a rated energy of 64.1 KNm having a ram weight of 3 ton, The efficiency of the hammer is given as 90%. Estimate the termination set of the pile using the pile driving equation proposed by Hiley, if the required allowable carrying capacity of the pile is 600 KN. [Hint: you may use: Coefficient of restitution = 0.5; C/=6.35mm and C)= 2.54mm) i [8 Marks] 4. During installation of the first pile, a high strain dynamic method was used to measure the mobilized carrying capacity. The measured force and the velocity (wZ) vs time during a hammer blow is as given in Table Q3.1. The same variation is given in Figure Q3:1, IF the case damping factor, the wave velocity of the pile material, and the length Of the pile below gauges are 0.6, 3400 m/s, and 23.16m respectively estimate the mobilized capacity of the pile during the hammer blow using the RMX method, [10 marks} €. The aboye mentioned 400mm x 400mm square piles ate used in a 3 x 3 pile group connected by a flexible pile cap to support a column carrying 3600 KN. ‘The settlement ofa pile under a unit load is estimated to be 0.025 mmikN and the average length of piles in the group is 22.5m, If the subsurface consists of material having. clastic modulus of 13500 kPa and a Poisson ratio of 0.35, and rigid bedrock is present at 33.7m depth, esiimate the settlement of a centre pile of the group with space/diameter ratio of 2.5 considering interaction between piles? (7 marks]Table QI.1 BHI BH2 BHS 7 ‘Thickness | Average | Thickness | Average | Thickness | Average (m) sPT,N_| (m) spt, N_| (m) SPT, N fium dense 42 16 Si 20 34 4 Jateritic silty SAND fateritie silty [7.5 16 33 18 78 15 CLAY — ‘Very dense 83 >50 12 >50—« Sa >50 completely weathered rock ‘Water table is present at 3.8m depth. BH2 BHS Boe ee ke> | > ae ee CH)_| (%) (%) | (%) nao |7 [0 [165-180 [8 |0 23.9-254 [9 0 | 18.0-19.5(%) | 100 [55 - 25.4-26.9 (F) | 89 _ | 55_,-| 19.5 —20.0 (F) 25.4-28.4 (F) | 100 | 65° =00.00mVel ¥ #2v ~y) 0 0 0 0 6 28 7 i i7 46 31 Ss 54 89 7 -18 346 367 356 =10 1385 1346 1365 19 = 9.0048 3433 = 3194 3314 119 00056 5679 35179 5429 250 0.0064 498. 5998 6248 250 = 0.0072 3737 = 5237 5487 250 09.0080 4517 4017 4267 250 0.0088 3604 3104 3354 250 0.0096 7763 2263, 2513 250 0.9104 1846 1346 1596 250 O.01i2 1001 S01 751 250 = 0.0120 550 50 300 250 0.0128 457 43 207 250| 0.0136 395 =105 145 250 — 0.0144 302 =123 -58 250 0152 365 =135 115 250 0.0160. 594 94 34a 250 73 ‘567 187 387 200 i 548 94 227 321 838 1069 =116 953 = TAZ =2359 -809 1550 401 22150 21174 1575 126 2483 -179 1304 2 =1829 -908 1 a. 18 1027 523 505 63 252 -157 94 | 109° 109 =109 0] E2) Wc) 99, 0!