DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF SMART RF BASED POWER

DISRIBUTION BOARD

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background of the study

Distribution board (also known as panel board, breaker panel, or electric

panel) is a component of an electricity supply system that divides an

electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits, while providing a

protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit in a common enclosure.

Normally, a main switch, and in recent boards, one or more residual-

current devices (RCD) or residual current breakers with overcurrent

protection (RCBO), are also incorporated. The conventional distribution

board that is commonly found everywhere is manually operated and the

user has to come in contact with the board before he or she could on or

off the circuit breaker. With smart RF based power distribution board

you don’t need to get to where the board is before you can power it,

you can power it from a distance using a radio frequency (RF) remote,

because it has a transmitter and a receiver module.

1.2. Statement of the problem

Nobody likes problems, especially electrical problems. They are both

dreadful and aggravating. Electrical problems can happen anywhere

where electricity is. However, electricity is hazardous and should not be

meddled with if you have no experience or knowledge of it. They are

electrical fault that are common and occurs frequently, like short circuit

fault, neutral failure, over current, over load and earth leakage. This

faults when it occurs can cause damages to electrical or electronic

appliances. In other to solve the above problem or to protect your

appliances from the faults or problems stated above a smart RF based

power distribution board is highly required.

1.3. Aim and Objectives of the study

The aim and objective of the study is to design and construct a smart RF

based power distribution board. The objectives of the study are:

1. To design a radio frequency transmitter and receiver.

2. To design an automatic power switching module using power

contactor or relays.

3. To interlock the circuit breaker in such a way it will have one input

and multiple outputs.

 4. To fabricate a metal casing that will contain all the components

required for construction of the project work.

1.4. Significance of the study

Smart RF based power distribution board is important and significant

because is much safer and easy to control. it will also give you

advantage of the following:

 Reduced line loss. The distribution substation is the electrical hub

for the distribution network.

 Power quality. Mitigation equipment is essential to maintain power

quality over distribution feeders.

 Deferred capital expenses.

 Energy cost reduction.

 Optimal energy use.

 Economic benefits.

 Improved reliability.

 Compatibility.

1.5. Scope and limitation

The scope of this project work are as follows:

1. M.C.B’s is quick work against short circuit.

2. M.C.B’s is work quickly on overloading and under voltage.

3. The performance of M.C.B’s is good in case of earth leakage.

4. M.C.B’s is reliable.

5. In case of surge current, the M.C.B has a time-delay characteristic,

therefore it works properly.

The limitation of this project are as follows:

1. The cost of M.C.B is greater than fuse.

2. The cost of on M.C.B distribution board is greater than rewire able

fuse board.

3. The risk of overloading of circuits due to unqualified persons

operating than is completely removed.