Professional Documents
Culture Documents
f
April 2021 Takeaways
A market-wide rally in the first half of April sent BTC, ETH, ADA, DOGE, DOT, and UNI to all-time highs before correcting in
the second half; the market’s sell-o coincided with a record $10B in crypto futures being liquidated on April 17.
BTC’s (-2%) underwhelming performance relative to altcoins (+47%), BTC’s dominance falling to a 3-year low of 49%, and
ETHBTC soaring to a 3-year high in April all indicate that market participants are preferring altcoins over BTC at this point in
the market cycle.
As interest for NFTs dwindled in April, DeFi felt life breathed back into the vertical after an underwhelming March. DeFi’s
resurgence coincided with total value locked (TVL) soaring +38% to an all-time high of $66B, many of the largest DeFi
projects by TVL posting double-digit revenue growth, and numerous DeFi projects announcing major updates.
A swath of favorable economic data was released in April showing that the global economy is growing again. However, market
participants remained on edge over talks of higher taxes, fears of inflation, and stocks at record valuations. With BTC
possessing a strong, positive correlation with stocks, last month’s data suggests that market participants ought to consider
the possibility of a stock market correction weighing on crypto.
With ETH closing out the month just beneath a critical level of resistance of the Logarithmic Regression Rainbow, the
percentage of ETH’s supply on exchanges falling to a 2.5-year low, and the number of ETH wallets with more than Ξ10,000
surging in April, ETH appears to be in the early innings of a journey up towards $5,200.
Despite BTC remaining range-bound for the past several months, on-chain data indicates that demand from institutions
remains strong and BTC’s intramonth low of $47,000 might have marked a local low in what could be a march back up to
BTC’s all-time high. As of month-end, the rise in BTC’s Bull Market Support suggests that BTC’s downside risk has dropped
meaningfully since the start of this year.
kraken.com/subscribe/intelligence 2
ff
• BTC’s inability to finish April higher marked the end of what was a 6-month winning streak where BTC appreciated +445%. Despite
finishing April down -2%, annualized velocity soared from 9.4x to 13.3x; this shift indicates that although price was unchanged, the BTC
network saw a significant uptick in activity & usage.
• On April 26, BTC’s volatility sank to a 5-month low of 51% before going on to finish the month at 67%. Still, BTC’s volatility remains down
more than -60 percentage points from a 3-year high of 116% that was set on February 9, 2021.
• Bitcoin’s dominance sank to a 3-year low of 49% and faced its largest monthly percentage point decline since December 2017 amid a
rotation into altcoins, which can also explain why BTC’s monthly trading volume fell -5% in April.
• ETH’s +32% intramonth rally and subsequent -23% correction coincided with annualized volatility slipping to a 5-month low of 74% before
finishing April at 85%, as well as total volume traded exploding +60% MoM to a 3-month high of $171B.
• Earlier in the month, a survey amongst Ethereum researchers & developers indicated that 86% of those surveyed were in favor of fast-
tracking the launch of PoS this year. On April 14, ETH’s Berlin hard fork went live - which included 4 Improvement Proposals (EIPs) that
adjusted gas prices, allowed for new transaction types, and laid the ground work for this summer’s London hard fork. Four separate Ether
ETFs also launched in Canada in response to growing demand from traditional financial institutions.
• As of April 30, more than 4M ETH 2.0 was staked, 600K (15%) of which represented funds staked by Kraken clients.
• An influx of interest from individuals resulted in the r/Cardano subreddit attracting +50K new subscribers, thereby bringing the subreddit’s
total subscriber count to 363K. This compares against 1.6M and 836K r/Bitcoin and r/Ethereum subreddit subscribers, respectively.
• Cardano’s parent company IOHK announced a “new partnership with the Ethiopian Government to implement a national, blockchain-based
student and teacher ID and attainment recording system to digitally verify grades, remotely monitor school performance, and boost
education and employment nationwide.”
• As of month-end, approximately 73% ($30B) of eligible ADA was staked among 464K unique delegation addresses, up from 387K in March.
• In an interview with Business Insider, Thomas Perfumo, Head of Business Operations & strategy at Kraken, stated, “The overarching
narrative behind the coin's 30x run this year is a protest against systemic inequities in the traditional financial industry - Dogecoin is, after all,
the original 'meme asset.' This is an extension of the value that cryptocurrencies derive from vibrant and growing communities that give rise
to network e ects.”
• On April 30, 107 addresses owned ~67% of all DOGE in circulation and 3.7M addresses owned less than 1.6% of all DOGE.
• Although o from its record $24B in volume traded in February, DOT’s monthly trading volume rose +36% MoM to $21B. The surge was
accompanied by a modest rise in volatility, which marked the end of a 3-month downtrend and a month-end reading of 104%.
• Crypto asset manager Osprey Funds launched a Polkadot trust product for accredited investors, Canada-based blockchain infrastructure
provider Figment launched a $16M investment fund aimed at supporting the development of protocols like Polkadot, Cosmos, Ethereum, and
others, and Tether announced plans to launch a stablecoin on the Polkadot and Kusama networks.
• As of month-end, approximately 64% ($25B) of eligible DOT was staked among 297 active validators.
• UNI’s strong performance corresponded with total value locked (TVL) climbing from $4.7B to an all-time high of $8B on April 30. UNI
finished the month with a price-to-sales ratio of 29.5x, well below the peer average and median reading of 88x and 43x, respectively. UNI
also generated $117.4M in revenue (total fees paid), a +27% increase MoM.
• UNI had its most active week ever in April; more than $11B was traded for the week ended April 24. However, weekly trading volume on the
Uniswap platform sunk to a 5-week low of $8.4B for the week ended May 1.
• Uniswap V3 is expected to go live on the Ethereum mainnet on May 5 and a “L2 deployment on Optimism set to follow shortly after.” The
update will include concentrated liquidity to give LPs granular control over what price ranges their capital is allocated to and fee tiers.
kraken.com/subscribe/intelligence 9
• Consider that since hitting a 1-year high of 73% in January, BTC’s dominance has been in a macro downtrend. More specifically, April
concluded with bitcoin’s dominance falling for an eighth consecutive week and hitting a 3-year low of 49%. Given the historical and
psychological significance of the 50% level, a decisive move below said level could mean that BTC underperforms in the months ahead.
• This ongoing rotation into altcoins can perhaps be explained by market participants consciously choosing to venture further out on the
“crypto risk curve” and coming to terms with “The Law of Large Numbers.” That is, as BTC gets larger and larger, it cannot sustain the same
growth. Therefore, market participants may see altcoins as having a greater upside and/or a better risk-reward profile.
• Of the largest DeFi projects on Ethereum, many saw double digit MoM
revenue growth. The most notable increase in revenue (total fees paid
by users) took place on Compound (+23%) and SushiSwap (+24%);
both platforms saw double-digit revenue growth on top of an existing
sources: Kraken Intelligence, DeFiPulse, DeFiStation, Synthetix, Ampleforth, UMA, Balancer, CoinDesk
revenue base exceeding $25M.
kraken.com/subscribe/intelligence 11
ff
sources: Kraken Intelligence, CoinGecko, Vogue Business, McDonalds, CNN, The Information, CNBC
in the year - a clear indication that February was a historic month.
• But as with all innovations in the crypto space, just because NFTs aren’t
as popular as they were a few months ago and are experiencing the
inevitable “cooling o ” period, that doesn’t mean market participants
aren’t continuing to build and innovate within the world of NFTs.
Top NFT Marketplaces Aggregate Daily Volume
• Some of the more notable NFT developments in April include:
Gucci telling Vogue Business that it’s “only a matter of time” before a
brand like Gucci will release an NFT, McDonald’s France saying it’s
planning to launch its digital artworks in the form of NFTs, Super Bowl
champion Tom Brady announcing that he is launching an NFT platform
called Autograph, Major League Baseball announcing the sale of Topps
baseball cards as NFTs via the WAX Blockchain, NBA Top Shot firm
Dapper Labs announcing a fund raising round at a $7.5B valuation, and IP
specialist IPwe announcing that it will begin working with IBM to
represent patents as NFTs.
kraken.com/subscribe/intelligence 12
ff
sources: Kraken Intelligence, Glassnode, Forbes, Microstrategy, Yahoo! Finance, CoinDesk, CNBC, Reuters, SEC, CoinTelegraph, Business Insider
H
C. April 5: Nasdaq-listed MicroStrategy acquires an additional ₿253. AB C DE FG
MN S
D. April 6: Goldman Sachs CEO says that the digital currency world will have a “big evolution.”
O QR
E. April 7: California real estate stalwart Caruso properties says it’s accepting BTC for rent.
F. April 8: Publicly traded software firm Meitu purchases ₿175, State Street says it is providing the P
infrastructure for a new bank-grade trading platform for digital assets and will go live mid-
year, NYDIG raises $100M from Liberty Mutual Insurance, Star Insurances, and others.
G. April 9: Data shows that BTC miners are storing coins for the first time since Dec. 27, 2020.
H. April 12: MicroStrategy announces that it’ll pay its non-employee directors in BTC.
I. April 13: ConsenSys raises $65M from JPMorgan, Mastercard, & UBS to build DeFi infrastructure.
J. April 14: Coinbase starts trading, $623M worth of BTC stolen from Bitfinex is moved.
K. April 16: Fintech app Wealthfront says it will offer direct crypto investing later this year, Turkey
bans the use of crypto for goods & service payment.
L. April 17: More than $10B worth of crypto futures are liquidated. Crypto Futures Liquidations
M. April 19: 3iQ’s BTC ETF begins trading on the TSX, Ray Dalio says that BTC should be part of
any portfolio.
N. April 20: Venmo adds support for crypto purchases.
O. April 22: Grayscale Investments acquires an additional ~$1B worth of crypto, President Biden
proposes raising long-term capital gains tax to 40%, regulatory filings show that Morgan
Stanley’s new BTC-only private funds raised $29M from 322 investors in 2 weeks.
P. April 25: BTC closes below the 100D SMA for the first time since October 2020.
Q. April 26: JPMorgan says it is preparing to o er an actively managed BTC fund to private
wealth clients.
R. April 27: Public Japanese Gaming company NEXON announces a $100M BTC purchase.
S. April 30: $4.2B worth of BTC options contracts expire.
kraken.com/subscribe/intelligence 13
ff
• China: China’s economy grew a record +18.3% YoY in 1Q21, the biggest
kraken.com/subscribe/intelligence 14
BTC Correlations
BTC 90D Rolling Correlation - Risk-On Assets
• While BTC struggled to hold onto gains realized earlier in the month, U.S.
and European equities paced higher. As a result, BTC’s correlation with the
Nasdaq, Stoxx 600, and S&P 500 weakened in April and sank to levels last
seen in December 2020.
• Meanwhile, BTC’s correlation with GME and TSLA grew increasingly more
positive heading into month-end, but remain either modestly positively
correlated or negative correlated.
• BTC’s correlation with U.S. treasuries and gold rose from -0.91 to -0.8 and
from -0.83 to -0.58, respectively. Bond yields falling and gold rallying may
have played a role during the first half of April, both of which reversed in
the second half of April. The rally and subsequent retrace corresponds
with BTC hitting an all-time high of April 14 and then entering an 11-day
correction - hence correlations softening. However, BTC’s correlation with
BTC 90D Rolling Correlation - Risk-O Assets
both risk-o assets remains strongly negatively correlated.
• Relative to the US dollar index, BTC’s correlation hit a 1-year high of 0.68
on April 5 before trending lower and finishing at 0.47. The change can be
explained by the US dollar index rallying to a 3-month high in early-April
before subsequently selling-o and revisiting early-March levels.
kraken.com/subscribe/intelligence 15
ff
ff
ff
ff
ff
History Says…
BTCUSD Monthly Volatility
• Last month, history failed to repeat. Although April is, on average, the
best performing month, BTC posted its third worst April performance
(-2%) and its first negative monthly return since September 2020.
Although annualized volatility rose 3 percentage points MoM, April
was less volatile than the average (96%) and median (74%) readings.
• Upon comparing monthly averages, one will find that May is the
second-best performing month with an average return of +36%.
Additionally, one will see that only in 2015 and 2018 did BTC finish the BTCUSD Monthly Returns
month in the red, making May the least negative yielding month.
• May is typically not the least volatile month, but could still be a
relatively quiet due to seasonality. In the traditional financial world, Historical 2Q Returns - By Year
market participants tend to "sell in May and go away.” That is, May
returns and volatility tend to be lower due to market participants
taking summer vacation and lower trading volumes.
kraken.com/subscribe/intelligence 16
ff
• In the event ETH succeeds in closing and holding above $2,800 in May, the case could be made that ETH is in the early innings of an ascent
up to $5,200 (band 6). At an end-of-month price of $2,776, a test of band 6 would imply an incremental +87.3% gain.
• As di icult as will be for ETH to sustain double digit returns, the case could also be made that ETH still has plenty of upside. Since hitting a
multi-year high of ~18% around mid-February, ETH's dominance has mean reverted down to 12% and has largely trended sideways. The fact
that ETH continues to climb higher while retaining the same market share suggests that ETH has yet to take-o .
ff
• A surge in demand can also be seen when considering the number of wallets with a balance of Ξ10K (“whales”) or more. Both trends tell us
that the market is attracting deep pocketed market participants who are choosing to buy & hold ETH for a while.
• While ETH’s outperformance can be attributed to new market participants, the case could also be made that existing market participants
are opting to rotate into ETH over BTC. When looking at ETHBTC, one will see that in the last week of April, ETH’s valuation relative to BTC
soared to a 3-year high in what is a macro uptrend dating back to January 2020. Needless to say, the data indicates that ETH appears to
have stolen the limelight from BTC for the time being.
• BTC’s Spent Output Profit Ratio (SOPR) also tells a similar story; the ratio, which is simply the price sold/price paid of all coins, fell below 1 in
mid-April and thus signaled that market participants were, on average, moving BTC at a slight loss. Because no one wants to sell at a loss in
a bull market, a move down to a SOPR of 1 suggests that few market participants will sell at current price. As we already saw twice this year,
this reduction in immediately marketable sell-side supply implies that price may have found a local bottom and could rally in May.
ff
• Despite the fact that BTC could fall in excess of -20% while retaining the integrity of the bull market, one ought to note that a correction
down to the Bull Market Support is significantly smaller than what it was in March (-29% to -36%) and February (-34% to -43%).
• Although BTC’s consolidation between $50K - $60K over the past few months hasn’t been as eventful as many hoped, said consolidation has
allowed for the market to catch its breath and for BTC to build a new support to potentially lift o from in the not-so-distant future.
Feedback
For comments, suggestions, or questions related to this report, click here (https://surveys.kraken.com/jfe/form/SV_ah2vxWLbtVntpOZ)
or please send us an e-mail at intel@kraken.com.
Cryptowatch
For multi-exchange charting, trading, portfolio tracking, and high resolution historical data, visit https://cryptowat.ch
and create an account at https://cryptowat.ch/account/create.
OTC
For OTC-related execution services or questions, please direct your communication to otc@kraken.com.
kraken.com/subscribe/intelligence 21
Disclaimer
The information in this report is provided by, and is the sole opinion of, Kraken’s research desk. The information is provided as general market commentary and
should not be the basis for making investment decisions or be construed as investment advice with respect to any digital asset or the issuers thereof. Trading digital
assets involves signi icant risk. Any person considering trading digital assets should seek independent advice on the suitability of any particular digital asset. Kraken
does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information provided in this report, does not control, endorse or adopt any third party content, and accepts
no liability of any kind arising from the use of any information contained in the report, including without limitation, any loss of pro it. Kraken expressly disclaims
all warranties of accuracy, completeness, merchantability or itness for a particular purpose with respect to the information in this report. Kraken shall not be
responsible for any risks associated with accessing third party websites, including the use of hyperlinks. All market prices, data and other information are based
upon selected public market data, reflect prevailing conditions, and research’s views as of this date, all of which are subject to change without notice. This report
has not been prepared in accordance with the legal requirements designed to promote the independence of investment research and is not subject to any
prohibition on dealing ahead of the dissemination of investment research. Kraken and its af iliates hold positions in digital assets and may now or in the future hold
a position in the subject of this research. This report is not directed or intended for distribution to, or use by, any person or entity who is a citizen or resident of, or
located in a jurisdiction where such distribution or use would be contrary to applicable law or that would subject Kraken and/or its af iliates to any registration or
licensing requirement. The digital assets described herein may or may not be eligible for sale in all jurisdictions.
kraken.com/subscribe/intelligence 22
f
f
f
f
f