Chemistry 1st Semester Exam - Review

Chapters 1 – 8

1. Scientific Method – review steps.

2. Scientific Notation - Convert a number to scientific notation; take a number in scientific
notation and write it as a decimal number.
3. Know all metric conversions and metric prefixes.
4. Significant Figures – Know what is meant by the significant figures in a measurement. Know
rules for counting significant figures in measurements (page 24)
5. Know rules for rounding off numbers.
6. Know rules for using significant figures in calculations (multiplying and dividing, adding and
subtracting).
7. Problem Solving and Dimensional Analysis – be able to do all types of conversion problems.
8. Be able to convert from Kelvins to degrees centigrade, and degrees centigrade to Kelvins
9. Know the formula for density and how to use it to solve for density, volume or mass.
10. Why do the densities of most substances decrease with temperature?
11. Discuss the differences between physical changes and chemical changes, and physical and
chemical properties.
12. Matter: Elements and compounds, mixtures and pure substances
13. Discuss atomic structure – parts, location, charges, and masses. Be able to give the atomic mass,
atomic number, # of protons, electrons and neutrons of an element and /or an ion.
Ex carbon – 13. How many protons, electrons, neutrons? Sodium? Sodium ion?
14. What are isotopes? How do they determine the average mass number of an element/
15. Periodic Table – know the info it contains: atomic number, mass number, types of elements,
ionic charges.
16. Ions – know how to determine charges on an ion using the periodic table; know how to name
positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions)
17. What are the natural states of the elements in the periodic table (solid, liquid, noble gas, diatomic
gas, etc.)
18. Write formulas for polyatomic ions.
19. Distinguish between types of chemical compounds: ionic (metal plus nonmetal, metal plus PA
ion) and nonionic (two nonmetals).
20. Write the name of a compound given its formula; write the formula given its name.
21. What is the evidence for a chemical reaction
22. Given a unbalanced chemical equation, balance it..
23. Write a chemical equation from the name of each reactant and product and balance the equation.
24. Predict products when given the names of the reactants
25. Identify the types of chemical reactions. Give examples.
a. Precipitation (double displacement)
b. Acid-base
c. Oxidation-reduction (includes single displacement, combustion, synthesis, decomposition
26. Labeling chemical reactions – g, aq, s, l
27. Solubility rules – be able to use them to determine if a solid is formed from ions in solution.
28. Define “mole”.
29. Convert between grams, moles, and number of atoms.
30. Determine the molar mass of elements and compounds. Work problems involving molar mass.
31. Write empirical and molecular formulas for compounds.