DISEÑO ESCALERA DE 2 TRAMOS

Datos: 1.5 1.25

H = 2.50 m
F"c = 210 kg/m2
S/c = 400 kg/m2
Fy = 4200 kg/cm2
P = 0.25
Muro = 0.25
PASO TRAMO 1
L 1.50
N°P = = = 6
0.25 0.25

PASO TRAMO 2
L 1.50
N°P = = = 6
0.25 0.25

NUMERO DE PASOS TOTALES

N°P = 12

contrapaso
H - 0.25
CP =
P

2.50 - 0.25
CP = = 0.188
12

CP = 0.188 m

PRIMER TRAMO
calculo de "t"
t = Ln o Ln
20 25

Ln = Lo + N° pisos -2 * P
Ln = 1.25 + 4 * 0.25
Ln = 2.25

2.25 = 0.11
20
t= t= 0.11 + 0.09
2.25 = 0.09 2
25
 t= 0.10 m

𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛷=𝑃/√(𝑃^2+ 〖𝐶𝑃〗 ^2 )

cos Φ = 0.80

Hm = t + CP = 0.10 + 0.188 = 0.22 m

cos Φ 2 0.80 2

METRADO DE CARGAS

calculo de peso propio del descanzo:

P.Propio = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 * 2.4 = 0.42

Acabado = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 = 0.175
S/C = 1.7 * 0.4 * 1.25 = 0.85
Wu1 = 1.45 tn/m

Calculo del peso propio de garganta de escalera:

P.Propio = 1.4 * 0.22 * 1.25 * 2.4 = 0.924

Acabado = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 = 0.175
S/C = 1.7 * 0.4 * 1.25 = 0.85
Wu2 = 1.95 tn/m

1.95 tn/m
1.45 tn/m

A B
1.375 1.25
RA RB
2.625

∑24▒ 〖𝑀
𝐴 =0 〗
2
1.45 * 1.375 + 1.95 * 1.25 * ( 1.375 + 0.625 ) - RB 2.625 =
2
RB = 2.38 Tn RA = 2.05 Tn

1.45 tn/m
A Mx

2.05
2
2.05 X - 1.45 X - Mx = 0
 2 2
Mx = 2.05 X - 1.45 X …........................
2

2.05 - 1.45 X - Vx = 0

Vx = 2.05 - 1.45 X …........................

Mx = Mmax cuando Vx = 0

0= 2.05 - 1.45 X X = 1.42 m

2
Mmax = 2.05 1.42 - 1.45 1.42
2
Mmax = 1.45 Tn-m

´+Mmax = 0.9 * Mmax

´+Mmax = 1.30 Tn-m

´-Mmax = ´+Mmax
3
´-Mmax = 0.43 Tn-m

SEGUNDO TRAMO
calculo de "t"
t = Ln o Ln
20 25

Ln = Lo + N° pisos -2 * P
Ln = 1.25 + 4 * 0.25
Ln = 2.25

2.25 = 0.11
20
t= t= 0.11 + 0.09
2.25 = 0.09 2
25
t= 0.10 m

𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛷=𝑃/√(𝑃^2+ 〖𝐶𝑃〗 ^2 )

cos Φ = 0.80

Hm = t + CP = 0.10 + 0.188 = 0.22 m

 cos Φ 2 0.80 2

METRADO DE CARGAS

calculo de peso propio del descanzo:

P.Propio = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 * 2.4 = 0.42

Acabado = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 = 0.175
S/C = 1.7 * 0.4 * 1.25 = 0.85
Wu1 = 1.45 tn/m

Calculo del peso propio de garganta de escalera:

P.Propio = 1.4 * 0.22 * 1.25 * 2.4 = 0.924

Acabado = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 = 0.175
S/C = 1.7 * 0.4 * 1.25 = 0.85
Wu2 = 1.95 tn/m

1.95 tn/m
1.45 tn/m

A B
1.375 1.25
RA RB
2.625

∑24▒ 〖𝑀
𝐴 =0 〗
2
1.45 * 1.375 + 1.95 * 1.25 * ( 1.375 + 0.625 ) - RB 2.625 =
2
RB = 2.38 Tn RA = 2.05 Tn

1.45 tn/m
A Mx

2.05
2
2.05 X - 1.45 X - Mx = 0
2 2
Mx = 2.05 X - 1.45 X …........................
2

2.05 - 1.45 X - Vx = 0

Vx = 2.05 - 1.45 X …........................

Mx = Mmax cuando Vx = 0

0= 2.05 - 1.45 X X = 1.42 m

2
Mmax = 2.05 1.42 - 1.45 1.42
2
Mmax = 1.45 Tn-m

´+Mmax = 0.9 * Mmax

´+Mmax = 1.30 Tn-m

´-Mmax = ´+Mmax
3
´-Mmax = 0.43 Tn-m

DISEÑO DE ESCALERA

EVALUAMOS POR CADA TRAMO Y DISEÑAMOS CON EL MAYOR MOMENTO:

´+Mdiseño = 1.30 Tn-m d = 0.10 - 0.03 = 0.07 = 7

asumimos a = d/5
´-Mdiseño = 0.43 Tn-m a = 1.40

t= 0.10 >>> t = 0.10

REFUERZO DE MOMENTO POSITIVO

"As= " "Mu" /("0.9xf = 5.48 cm2

´yx(d− " "a" /"2" ")" )

= 1.03
"a= " "Asxf
´y" /"0.85xf´cxb"

ITERANDO

"As= " "Mu" /("0.9xf = 5.32 cm2

´yx(d− " "a" /"2" ")" )

"a= " "Asxf = 1.00

´y" /"0.85xf´cxb"

"As= " "Mu" /("0.9xf = 5.31 cm2

´yx(d− " "a" /"2" ")" )

"a= " "Asxf = 1.00 OK CUMPLE

´y" /"0.85xf´cxb"
 "a= " "Asxf
´y" /"0.85xf´cxb"

Acero minimo
Asmin = 0.0018*b*d = 0.0018 * 125 * 7 = 1.58 cm2 <

As = Φ 1/2" = 1.27 cm2 r= recubrimiento = 0.05 m

Usar:
5 Φ 1/2" ( 6.35 cm2 )

Separacion:

S= 1.25 - 2 0.05 = 0.29 m

4

Cuantia maxima

Para F"c : 175 pmax = 0.01771

Para F"c : 210 pmax = 0.01594
Para F"c : 280 pmax = 0.02125

Para F"c : 175 pmax = 0.01771 ok

Cuantia

p= As = 5.31
b*d 125 7

p= 0.00607 < pmax = 0.01771 OK CUMPLE!

Cuantia minima

pmin = 0.0018 < p= 0.00607 OK CUMPLE!

REFUERZO DE MOMENTO NEGATIVO

´-As = ´+As = = 5.31 = 1.77 cm2 > As min ok

3 3

Usar : As = Φ 3/8" = 0.71 cm2

3 Φ 5/8" ( 2.13 cm2 )

Separacion:

S= 1.25 - 2 0.05 = 0.58 m

2
REFUERZO TRANSVERSAL POR TEMPERATURA

Ast = 0.0018 *b*t = 0.0018 * 100 * 10 = 1.8 cm2

As = Φ 3/8" = 0.71 cm2

N! de varillas:

As Φ 3/8" = 0.39
Ast

USAR:
Φ 3/8" cada 0.39 m
1.25

1.25

1.5
0
cm
As = 5.31 cm2 OK CUMPLE!!
 DISEÑO ESCALERA DE 2 TRAMOS

Datos: 1.5 1.25

H = 2.50 m
F"c = 210 kg/m2
S/c = 400 kg/m2
Fy = 4200 kg/cm2
P = 0.25
Muro = 0.25
PASO TRAMO 1
L 1.50
N°P = = = 6
0.25 0.25

PASO TRAMO 2
L 1.50
N°P = = = 6
0.25 0.25

NUMERO DE PASOS TOTALES

N°P = 12

contrapaso
H - 0.25
CP =
P

2.50 - 0.25
CP = = 0.188
12

CP = 0.188 m

PRIMER TRAMO
calculo de "t"
t = Ln o Ln
20 25

Ln = Lo + N° pisos -2 * P
Ln = 1.25 + 4 * 0.25
Ln = 2.25

2.25 = 0.11
20
t= t= 0.11 + 0.09
2.25 = 0.09 2
25
 t= 0.10 m

𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛷=𝑃/√(𝑃^2+ 〖𝐶𝑃〗 ^2 )

cos Φ = 0.80

Hm = t + CP = 0.10 + 0.188 = 0.22 m

cos Φ 2 0.80 2

METRADO DE CARGAS

calculo de peso propio del descanzo:

P.Propio = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 * 2.4 = 0.42

Acabado = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 = 0.175
S/C = 1.7 * 0.4 * 1.25 = 0.85
Wu1 = 1.45 tn/m

Calculo del peso propio de garganta de escalera:

P.Propio = 1.4 * 0.22 * 1.25 * 2.4 = 0.924

Acabado = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 = 0.175
S/C = 1.7 * 0.4 * 1.25 = 0.85
Wu2 = 1.95 tn/m

1.95 tn/m
1.45 tn/m

A B
1.375 1.25
RA RB
2.625

∑24▒ 〖𝑀
𝐴 =0 〗
2
1.45 * 1.375 + 1.95 * 1.25 * ( 1.375 + 0.625 ) - RB 2.625 =
2
RB = 2.38 Tn RA = 2.05 Tn

1.45 tn/m
A Mx

2.05
2
2.05 X - 1.45 X - Mx = 0
 2 2
Mx = 2.05 X - 1.45 X …........................
2

2.05 - 1.45 X - Vx = 0

Vx = 2.05 - 1.45 X …........................

Mx = Mmax cuando Vx = 0

0= 2.05 - 1.45 X X = 1.42 m

2
Mmax = 2.05 1.42 - 1.45 1.42
2
Mmax = 1.45 Tn-m

´+Mmax = 0.9 * Mmax

´+Mmax = 1.30 Tn-m

´-Mmax = ´+Mmax
3
´-Mmax = 0.43 Tn-m

SEGUNDO TRAMO
calculo de "t"
t = Ln o Ln
20 25

Ln = Lo + N° pisos -2 * P
Ln = 1.25 + 4 * 0.25
Ln = 2.25

2.25 = 0.11
20
t= t= 0.11 + 0.09
2.25 = 0.09 2
25
t= 0.10 m

𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝛷=𝑃/√(𝑃^2+ 〖𝐶𝑃〗 ^2 )

cos Φ = 0.80

Hm = t + CP = 0.10 + 0.188 = 0.22 m

 cos Φ 2 0.80 2

METRADO DE CARGAS

calculo de peso propio del descanzo:

P.Propio = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 * 2.4 = 0.42

Acabado = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 = 0.175
S/C = 1.7 * 0.4 * 1.25 = 0.85
Wu1 = 1.45 tn/m

Calculo del peso propio de garganta de escalera:

P.Propio = 1.4 * 0.22 * 1.25 * 2.4 = 0.924

Acabado = 1.4 * 0.10 * 1.25 = 0.175
S/C = 1.7 * 0.4 * 1.25 = 0.85
Wu2 = 1.95 tn/m

1.95 tn/m
1.45 tn/m 1.45 tn/m

A B
1.375 1.25 1.375 RB
RA 4

∑24▒ 〖𝑀
𝐴 =0 〗

( )

1.95 tn/m
1.45 tn/m
A Mx

3.21
2 POR SIMPLE SIMETRIA
3.21 X - 1.45 X - Mx = 0
2 2 RA = RB = 1.45
Mx = 3.21 X - 1.45 X …........................ 2
2
RA = RB = 3.21
3.21 - 1.45 X - Vx = 0

Vx = 3.21 - 1.45 X …........................ Mmax = X=

Mx = Mmax cuando Vx = 0

0= 3.21 - 1.45 X X = 2.22 m

2
Mmax = 3.21 2.22 - 1.45 2.22
2
Mmax = 3.55 Tn-m

´+Mmax = 0.9 * Mmax

´+Mmax = 3.20 Tn-m

´-Mmax = ´+Mmax
3
´-Mmax = 1.07 Tn-m

DISEÑO DE ESCALERA

EVALUAMOS POR CADA TRAMO Y DISEÑAMOS CON EL MAYOR MOMENTO:

´+Mdiseño = 3.20 Tn-m d = 0.10 - 0.03 = 0.07 = 7

asumimos a = d/5
´-Mdiseño = 1.07 Tn-m a = 1.40

t= 0.10 >>> t = 0.10

REFUERZO DE MOMENTO POSITIVO

"As= " "Mu" /("0.9xf = 13.43 cm2

´yx(d− " "a" /"2" ")" )

= 2.53
"a= " "Asxf
´y" /"0.85xf´cxb"

ITERANDO

"As= " "Mu" /("0.9xf = 14.75 cm2

´yx(d− " "a" /"2" ")" )

"a= " "Asxf = 2.78

´y" /"0.85xf´cxb"

"As= " "Mu" /("0.9xf = 15.08 cm2

´yx(d− " "a" /"2" ")" )

"a= " "Asxf = 2.84 OK CUMPLE

´y" /"0.85xf´cxb"
 "a= " "Asxf
´y" /"0.85xf´cxb"

Acero minimo
Asmin = 0.0018*b*d = 0.0018 * 125 * 7 = 1.58 cm2 <

As = Φ 1/2" = 1.27 cm2 r= recubrimiento = 0.05 m

Usar:
12 Φ 1/2" ( ### cm2 )

Separacion:

S= 1.25 - 2 0.05 = 0.10 m

11

Cuantia maxima

Para F"c : 175 pmax = 0.01771

Para F"c : 210 pmax = 0.01594
Para F"c : 280 pmax = 0.02125

Para F"c : 175 pmax = 0.01771 ok

Cuantia

p= As = 15.08
b*d 125 7

p= 0.01724 < pmax = 0.01771 OK CUMPLE!

Cuantia minima

pmin = 0.0018 < p= 0.01724 OK CUMPLE!

REFUERZO DE MOMENTO NEGATIVO

´-As = ´+As = = ### = 5.03 cm2 > As min ok

3 3

Usar : As = Φ 3/8" = 0.71 cm2

8 Φ 5/8" ( 5.68 cm2 )

Separacion:

S= 1.25 - 2 0.05 = 0.16 m

7
REFUERZO TRANSVERSAL POR TEMPERATURA

Ast = 0.0018 *b*t = 0.0018 * 100 * 10 = 1.8 cm2

As = Φ 3/8" = 0.71 cm2

N! de varillas:

As Φ 3/8" = 0.39
Ast

USAR:
Φ 3/8" cada 0.39 m
1.25

1.25

1.5
0
MPLE SIMETRIA

1.45 1.38 2+ 1.95 1.25

2

4.00 = 2.00
2
cm
As = 15.08 cm2 OK CUMPLE!!