Expt No.

: __________ Date : _____________

Determination of pH

AIM:

To determine pH of the given sample

PRINCIPLE:

pH is measured by a pH meter using a glass electrode which generates a potential varying linearly with the
pH of the solution in which it is immersed. It is a Nernstian concentration cell with potential controlled by
the activities of H+ on either side of a very thin glass membrane.

pH paper changes colour only in a particular range and also gives out an approximate value.

APPARATUS:

pH water along with electrodes, buffer solution, thermometer, pH paper

PROCEDURE:

1) Calibrate the electrodes with two standard buffer solutions at pH 4 and 9.2.
2) The sample temperature is determined at the same time and is entered into the meter to allow for a
temperature correction.
3) Rinse the electrodes thoroughly with ionized distilled water and carefully wipe with a tissue paper.
4) Dip the electrodes into the sample solution, swirl the solution and wait upto one minute for steady
reading.
5) The reading is taken after the indicated value remains constant for about a minute.

Using pH paper.

1) Dip pH paper strip into the solution.

2) Compare the resulting colour with standard colour.

OBSERVATION AND CALCULATION

Description of sample Temperature pH

Sample 1

Sample 2

RESULT:

pH of the given samples =

DISCUSSION:

Although pH usually has no direct impact on water consumers, it is one of the most important operational
water-quality parameters. However a lower value below 4 will produce sour taste and higher value above 8.5
a bitter taste to water. Also very alkaline water can have an unpleasant smell or taste, and it can damage
pipes and water-carrying appliances. Acidic water with a pH of less than 6.5 is more likely to be
contaminated with pollutants, making it unsafe to drink. It can also corrode (dissolve) metal pipes. Higher
values of pH results in scale formation and also reduce the germicidal potential of chlorine. According to IS
10500-2012 , water for domestic consumption should have a pH between 6.5 to 8.5.

INFERENCE:

Classify the solutions based on pH value