Dear Student,

Following is the details of symbols. If you still don’t understand anything then let me know.

This is the concatenation symbol which is used to concatenate two symbols as given above. This
is called merge operator.
(2) We use indexing if we want to access a particular element as given in the slides.

this is a filter operator which is used to extract or filter element of particular

characteristics from the sequence.
this symbol is used for cross product.

this is a symbol which is used for all possible relations.

f means function
l this symbol means such that

To ready slide no. 20 lemma

Understand the symbols first
#X means cardinality, which says that the number of elements of set X
#Y means cardinality, which says that the number of elements of set Y

This means number of all possible relations which will be equal to