Dickctric Phopenlies of solicls oO Jnbnodicetyn + Aecarcting to band teauy x sobs material hove forge energy gop bekwcan dy, He traalating vig ond OB Wks mean | under namel circumsbances jnsalatay do nel have fase electron, Ca Caroluction cheebnan. Thorough Here ona no Pose clectany in tla ingulatoy , bel Few of Hem exhibit Enero Lehaviaan in be pretence. af eclectic fiekel called Clectrte polartzation and such ingalatoy 062 lenawn a4 dielectrics. Heosevr, dielecinic material poy vitel rele in Clecfrmic divicen ag thay exhibit Hoe phenomenon of clectate — pdorisation in Ha presence of Clecknic frelell and have very high mesistviter, Basic Definitions SY Elestase dipele 2 A atom af consiating tao egal anol — oppuite chaages seprocted by & Aatonce Col) 75 calles electric tpele. | “4 ty { Pets werent A) The paadust of change an dlistemee — bebweon too charges 14 allect cltpole © moment Cu) jee [ics qh) celombamete2 . a ont: which ca Rerwitlivily (e) Pomittivity 1 quomtity s meelil aeprorenis te dielectric prepay of “om permittivity af a mebental indicates He costly polaaitalle nahne of ie robert el oe AR 2g: Vacuum Ge) freerpass Ey > ESMMOT Ef ay CA) Copacitance cc) - The prepay of conducte A Syatem 4 conducty fab dlesenzbs its ability to Store fle electric change cz SH Fae > BE pans CO iA the capacitance, ¥ eopacitn 10 clang. ah on tha capacity platy _ i0 potential hefferomnes bebween ea platy. A is ante of a capacita platy EA pomittivity af a medltium 2 s (5) Dielectxte Contant (Ey) = The ialectaic cherackerraties af material ane ebenmined Gy the chielectnic constant <8) melalive pomnittivity @ ay Hat material « Dielectric constant 7A the otebfo bebween the perma ivity ay He medidum anol te pornittivity of foceapace ig a = tt “measure of — polarézation in elt. dlicleckntc matercal -C4) Fleclate Polanigotion = heb uy comiden an atom placed inside an =. pegplacedl Electate filed. The centne of positive clon ia do along he applied filad dzneetion eshile He contre Y negitive change 14 eléaplaced In the opposite dinection. ob a dielectoic mobert Tur a dipole Ip produced » then is placed inside an electate fibl{ suck cbipales ont created in all fea abs inpicle « Theta — pmoceny oof producing electric dipoles which ane onientest along He field dincetien fs called palemrizalion in dieckates . Ero Ee OOQOG ASO® er Geoci zebilily cee hllen He Sknengtls of the electric Fild E ia ineneaseal of the induced! pole te IA elso incneares - Ts fhe inducel Lepole moment? ts propartfnad te Hae intemrity of he eleckwe Aled. he, Lloe E Av = OE CM w= whee, E % + the comlant af psopebtenabity ta cele Po laxiza Lilet Porenge bile. TE cam be daffnedd A$ indiccedt dipole mono Per amet electaie lest(”) Palani gation Veet (B ) Lt The clipe moment parunih velume of the dielecfairc material jy called polarization veh? B. TER in the average cleple emenl proccanile Tae and N ts te noraf —metociley per cent volume the Polarization yoeta P- Ne The chipele moment pounst volute of the sti Wo the sum ef alk the individual dipde momenta esifiin Hol volume and i, calles! patorigation veste Pa He sold. C4) Electate flux chengily (GV Electxie Praplectment Dr The electric Flux olernity @ electric Lirplacemenl D abo point in a mahertal 14 given by DO wee D= S66 Co =) hen, iy tha elechale Filold Stroy , tp uid Ha cliclectrrid and cortant (By pomdttivity a the Hoe finse space Ey me te fiebbive dicleckric cmitant rollabive pormettivity af te constant matertal. mepuunes fle additional flan fle material o3 As tle _polarizobion density arising fom fle presence Ff compare fo le fun spree, Tt has tha some emits a3 “D” and jy relobal fo it gyD> ¢£ +P @ EyfoE = fE +P [ince 0°56) » P= £,(é,-NE Electaie Flux censity Dt Similb to We wognstic induction & Jn eis. CO tectric Surceptibikty Cy.) + “Tha Polarugetion Vectn Bix propatinal to -the total clectaie flex danity B amd 14 in the sane dinsation 6. Thee fhe he polarization vects) can be evattten ae ke P = 2xX.E hee, the content Xo is foe eclectic suscepttbifity . xX Pp foley") E ae TneMeasurement of arelative dielectric Conatont The polonigation @ te relafive dinzatric constant can be mearuned , uring a parallel copneitar plates, whan a voltage Vv is applical qo te capacit , with the pty seporoteel distanee if do Cdexa) with oat didlectric slab ten Ae copacitme czy c- EA dL anc Hen ta elecknic filed iy applied te te COpacit plakes, flan the sualalive. cficlaatnic Fee A simplttesl — clasria® model of nr atom in Shown Tn fig, Hew, the ruscleass af change ze. awel is saxrmuncleal ty am eleatown cloud f cherge — 22 Uefebabed tm a gphamn of sais Rs ne ctu oly Pia wo %y, = —ze <3 poze (* ore * Ge) whan on exntewal eleatric ficll iy opp ltcol, the renews and —electmry . fan Fonce due electate Pyelel ia F SZee TH Ponce TA Lements force atyo. Nachos amd electron chou one separebed a coulomé Forces develops —bebweam tha - bhen Hi frees nomely Laren fren anf 2oulomb fae on Grol and oppmte, equiktbrium fy nancheol ov bat Lethe taplacement tncir thal cord tionmater j3 much heavier tian He electmon cloud PRIA anumed fat only the electron cloud (3 displacey cohen exteoraf Proll 14 applied Lenent fnee = -~ ze¢ Corlomb free. = Ze x (ae enclared in the ns) al ATE, 4h = 2ey [ chop enclareat tr thasphea Yoetiory eee Oe ATE, 2 = i zed Hener, RF Coulemd frog Pe [> zex” 4e3* RB ] a ~Berx ~Ge) x Dr eq nutlibatemn pubis ire, g3 are, 8 -—ZeE= - egx fie, 23 em Fe AEs RI O xy 2 Ame BE re8) Thar tua daplacemont af te electen clonal t p-reprtinul &) fe ths oppledd fiell» Thuy fla too electaic clhargys +20 ad “Ze one geparoted by a dirtonce % unoln ta actin oy the applied Fiold fay cotiteating Fncluced electnic dipole moment Lig = = Ze. induced eleckxic Lipoles Zee AT. IE ze > 47 e.Ve / Clactainte po ndgebtety, Tam, The drole ~momeut- por untt vbume 3 collect cleefamic — polorization veetR. Tk i indapenclert aft fonperofine Pe = Nhe = Nepee chet, ty pe nemaben Wf tna Pe= GE CE) = Aeee = Nee @ we (e-1) = mono atone gre om exhibit only electmance polarisetion . ese) [ot on sl chy abel A ineneaiy deem Elictronic polarigability freneny > bry (A matecrly 23 Racing ‘ w Me ce fo Ney Fe ae co is oO ble “die Polariyebi lity JN incre Ae! hesTore — falanization = The ionic polonigation 19 dua fo ila ohift gp 1a to settive to offen apposte Changes Tedghbovoy AS exoumgls, we falee Nack Leb m be Hoe meas of Not fon onal wy be the way of ot ion | a Bet mo be equitebrtin gepecaffin [ave between Nat omel CL” jem in te allosence. a clectrte Hell. when, fa electaz Feb ry applied , a fnce e€ acto on Na* end CL” ions im opposite diseetioy - tek not be ctisploced by %1 and cee by %2- Then the induced! dapat amemank fa given by we OOK) @ The reateoding force betuean He io jy Fo= kit = kam Ke one He Pane contol. whet, 14) omel Now we cnn cathe tle follawing — enposnton £. £6 4.9 m= y K, 7 Wo Me) iy 4a face — cunalant. ehere. Wp Py He natural Frequnecy of Nock coyatal. ._ F _ e& 2 oe Kea mage — So