(2.

10-4)

D = 0,156 m
∆L = 305 M
Water at 293 K (20oC)
Appendix A.2

 = 998,2 kg/m3 µ = 1,005 x 10-3 kg/m.s

Ff = (Z1 - Z2)g = 4,57(9,8066) = 44,81 J/kg

Dv ρ
N ℜ=
μ
For cast iron pipe, Fig. 2.10-3, ɛ = 2,6 x 10-4 m
Trial 1. Assume v = 1,7 m/s
0,156 (1,7)(998,2)
N ℜ=
1,005 x 10−3
= 2,634 x 10-5 === hence, turbulent flow

ε 2,6 x 10−4
= =0,01667
D 0,156
From Fig. 2.10-3, f = 0,0056
Eq. (2.10-6)

∆ L v2
F f =4 f
D 2

305 v 2
44,81=4 (0,0056)( )
0,156 2
Solving, v = 1,431m/s
Trial 2. Assume v = 1,40 m/s
0,156 ( 1,40 ) ( 998,2 )
N ℜ=
1,005 x 10−3
= 2,169x10-5
Fig. 2.10-3, f = 0,0058
 305 v 2
44,81=4 ( 0,0058 ) ( )
0,156 2
V = 1,406 m/s hence, trial 2 is correct and the v assumed is correct

(2.10-6)

t = 82,2oc
Q = 0,379 m3/min = 6,317x10-3 m3/s
Appendix A.2
970,4kg/m3 µ= 0,3474x10-3 Pa.s
Appendix A.5
D(2in)=0,0525 m A= 21.65x10-4 m2

6 ,3 1 7 x 10−3
v 2= =2,918 m/s
2 1 ,6 5 x 10−4
k1=101,335 kPa = k2
D v 2 ρ 0,0525(2,918)(970,4) 5
N ℜ= = =4,279 x 10
μ 0,3474 x 10 −3

Hence, turbulent flow

Eq. (2.7-28) mechanical energy balance

1 2 2 k 2−k 1
( v 2−v 1 ) + g ( z 2−z 1) + + Σ F+ W s =0
2α ρ

v 22
+ g z 2 + Σ F +W s =0
2
Calculation of ∑F
1. Concentration loss – tank to pipe Eq. (2.10-16)
 A2
K c=0,55(1− )=0,5 5
A1
v 22 ( 2,918 )2
h c =K c
2
=0,55 (2 )
=2,333 J /kg === yg ini saya hitung beda kak jdnya 2.341

2. Friction loss in 5 elbows

Table 2.10-1, Kf =0,75
Eq(2.10-17)
5 elbows 2
v 22 (2,918 ) (5)
h c =K f (5)=0 ,7 5
2 ( 2 )
=15 , 965 J /kg

3. Friction loss in straight pipe (∆L=6,1+61=67,1 m)

D v1 ρ 5
N ℜ= =4,279 x 10
μ
Fig. 2.10-3
ε 4,6 x 10−5
= =0,000876
D 0,0525

(2.10-6) – k.2
Fig. 2.10-3 f=0,0048
Eq. (2.10-6 )

∆ L v2 ( 67,1 ) ( 2,918 )2
F f =4 f =4 ( 0,0048 ) =104,47 J /kg
D 2 ( 0,0525 ) 2

Total loss ∑F= 2,333+15,965+104,47= 122,77

(a) ∑F= 122,8 J/kg
Eq.(2.7-28)

v 22
+ g z 2 + Σ F +W s =0
2

( 2,918 )2
+9,806 ( 6,1 ) +122,77+W s=0→ Ws=−168,85
2
(b) Ws=−168,85
m=( 6,317 x 10−3 m 3 /s )( 970,4 kg /m3 ) =6,130 kg /s
Eq. (2,7-30)
Ws= -n Wk
-186,85 = -0,75 W k
W k= 249,13 J/kg
k W= 249,13. (6,130/1000) = 1,527 k W