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Design and Fabrication of a Password Protected Vehicle Security and

Performance Monitoring System

Conference Paper · December 2017

DOI: 10.1109/R10-HTC.2017.8289022

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Bangladesh University of Engineering and
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Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
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Design and Fabrication of a Password Protected
Vehicle Security and Performance Monitoring System
Safayet Khan∗ , Obaidur Rahman† and Md. Ehsan‡
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
Dhaka, Bangladesh
Email: ∗ ratulme12@gmail.com, †xionrahman.buet@gmail.com, ‡ehsan@me.buet.ac.bd
Abstract—Vehicle security has been one of the most pressing
concerns for the last few years. There has been a number of
researches to increase the security of the vehicle. This paper
presents the design and fabrication process of a security system
for vehicles using a password protected initiation. A simple
portable hardware module has been made by assembling a liquid
crystal display (LCD), a 4*4 matrix membrane keypad and a
relay switch on a printed circuit board (PCB). The whole system
works on an intricate algorithm implemented in an Arduino
processor. The fuel injection in the engine of the vehicle is
controlled by the relay added in the fuel line near the fuel pump
and switches on only when the owner of the vehicle enters the
correct password in the module. The module acts as an extra
keylock for the engine in addition to the ignition key. Along
with the security system, a cost-effective performance monitoring
system is fabricated by using proximity switch which acts as a
motion sensor and shows the speed of the vehicle at any instant
in the display. The two projects has been crafted into a state
of the art system which remains active even after the ignition
key is bypassed. This significantly improves the security and
surveillance concerns of the vehicle and in turn prevents any
sort of theft or insecurities of the vehicle. This paper gives an
optimum insight on the amount of work done on the project and
presents an extensive view on the scope of betterment that can
be done to this project.
Keywords—Encrypted Initiation, Password Protection, Fuel
Pump, Arduino, Proximity Switch, Vehicle Security, Vehicle
Surveillance
I. INTRODUCTION
At present, vehicle thefts are increasing at a startling rate
around the globe. Statistics on vehicle theft across various
countries are shown in table [1].
Countries Vehicle Thefts Year
Italy 196,589 2012
United States 721,053 2012
Brazil 185,288 2013
India 147,475 2012
United Kingdom 179,829 2011
With the increasing vehicle theft, the prime concern for
vehicle safety and surveillance is arising. The primary security
system for a vehicle is its unique ignition key. Ignition key
system uses unique key for every car and it is associated
with a number of wires. By disconnecting the wires from
the ignition key and through combination of certain set of
wires a car can be started without being bothered about the
unique ignition key. Thus safety of the automobile has become
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2017 IEEE Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC)
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a vulnerable issue which created the urge of developing new
security system.
Security and performance monitoring system of a vehicle
goes hand in hand. The most important component of a vehicle
performance monitoring system is the speedometer. Tradi-
tional speedometers are very expensive. Although the low-
cost speedometers based on Infrared Radiation (IR) are very
accurate but they are very vulnerable in nature. Any sort of
disturbance in the path of radiation results in inaccuracy. This
necessitated the fabrication of a cost-effective performance
monitoring system.
II. EXISTING SYSTEMS
Most of the modern vehicles are entrenched with many anti-
theft systems. Different systems like an Engine Control Unit
(ECU) connected to the Info-Security Circuit Board and sen-
sors inside the vehicle, in-vehicle engine immobilizer, smart
card interface with vehicle [2], Global Positioning System
(GPS) [3], Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) [4] used in
Intelligent Computerized Anti-theft (ICAT) system, Real Time
Biometrics based security system [1] and auto cop mechanism
which is a video surveillance solution etc. has been developed
till the date. All of these systems have different shortcomings.
There is data timeliness and network delays, lack of secure
processor and smart card chips, possible signal degradation,
key malfunction and different natural factors like light,
rainfall, fog and snowfall [5] acting as setbacks. Furthermore,
these commercially available products are over-priced. Hence
a comparatively inexpensive attempt to design and develop an
efficacious vehicle theft control scheme using is done [6].
The conventional speedometers which are based on infrared
radiation, Hall effect, rare earth magnet, encoder possess sim-
ilar predicaments when it comes down to cost-effectiveness.
The ones that are more effective cost higher and vice versa.
So the fabrication of a cost-effective speedometer is done
and integrated with the security system in a module for both
security and surveillance of the vehicle [7]. The module is an
embedded system for vehicles. It continuously stores all sort
of data from the vehicle. The three major objectives are:
• To ensure an encrypted starting system for a vehicle
to strengthen the security
• To monitor performance of the vehicle
• To develop an attachable module for the vehicle to
ensure above two objectives
III. SECURITY S YSTEM USING PASSWORD PROTECTED
INITIATION
A. Methodology
A password protected relay switch is installed in between
the battery and the Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) pump
(shown in Fig. 1). When ignition key is turned on, rather than
powering the EFI pump the password panel is powered. As the
installed relay is normally open (NO), no current flows
through the relay to the pump. Hence, the pump does not
supply fuel to the engine even if the battery supplies power.
The buzzer sets off an alarm when the given password does
not match the set password for three consecutive times. Only
when correct password is provided, the relay switch is closed
and current flows through it to start the EFI pump which starts
the engine of the vehicle.
Fig. 1. Proposed Password Protected Fuel Injection System.
B. Simulation
A simulation circuit was built (shown in Fig. 2) including
all the major components of the proposed security system and
the corresponding parts of the algorithm of the system was run
in the simulator. The simulation ran successfully necessitating
the real life development of the security system. Instead of
using Arduino MEGA as used in the main system, Arduino
UNO was used in this simulation. A 4*4 Matrix keypad, an
LCD,
Fig. 2. Proposed Circuit Diagram of Security System.
a buzzer, a potentiometer and LEDs were used in the system.
For the simulation purposes Autodesk Circuit was used which
is an online simulator.
C. Algorithm
The algorithm for the work flow process is shown in the
block diagram (shown in Fig. 3). There are three main
working processes here:
• Entering a password
• Changing the password
• Entering a master password in case one forgets the
previously set password
Each individual device is assigned a unique master pass-
word. In case the owners of the vehicle forgets their own
password, they can override the system through entering the
master password.
Fig. 3. Algorithm of the Vehicle Security System.
D. Schematic Design of PCB for the Security System
This circuit for the security system was designed (shown
in Fig. 4) in PROTEUS software [8]. A 7805 IC is used to
convert the voltage from a 12V Lithium polymer battery
which replicates the 12V power system of the vehicle into 5V
and this is the logic voltage of the system. A DPDT button is
used to switch the circuit on or off.

Fig. 4. Schematic Design of PCB in PROTEUS Software.
IV. FABRICATION OF A COST -EFFECTIVE P ERFORMANCE
MONITORING SYSTEM
A. Methodology
The most integral part of a vehicle performance monitor-
ing system, a speedometer is developed using a proximity
switch [9] which acts as a motion sensor. The proximity
switch senses distances to objects by generating magnetic
fields through solid state sensing. A coil of wire is charged
with electrical current, and an electronic circuit measures this
current. If a metallic part gets close enough to the coil, the
current will increase and the proximity switch will open or
close accordingly. The proximity switch is used to measure
the rpm of the rotating wheels. It is placed in proximity to a
pointer attached to the wheel. The pointer is a protruding in
the wheel surface. So, during the rotation of wheel whenever
the pointer gets close to the switch, it will generate a signal
which when analyzed gives the accurate speed of the vehicle.
B. Schematic Design of Printed Circuit Board (PCB) for
the Performance Monitoring System
Fig. 5. Schematic Design of PCB in PROTEUS Software.
Both security and monitoring system have some common
components like Arduino, LCD and same power system etc.
The additional components are a proximity switch, poten-
tiometer, an L298 motor driver module and a 12V 600 rpm
micro metal gear motor (shown in Fig. 5).
C. Study of Performance
The performance comparison between the speedometer data
and the tachometer data of the setup during the rotation of the
motor is demonstrated in the graph (shown in Fig. 6). This
graph shows that the fabricated speedometer performs in a
very accurate manner similar to that of the tachometer [10].
The variation of data of the speedometer and tachometer with
the corresponding variation in Pulse Width Modulation
(PWM) when the motor rotates is shown in this graph. The
graph also shows that the data available from the speedometer
and a standard tachometer has very small deviation. The motor
used for demonstration had a maximum speed of 600 rpm. So
the deviation of reading is shown upto that limit of rotating
speed.
Fig. 6. Error band of speedometer with respect to tachometer.
V. O RIGINAL PROTOTYPE
The design of the security system is shown in Fig. 7.
The PCB for the system is double layered with a 6.15in x
4.9in dimension. On the top side of the module the keypad,
the LCD, LEDs and battery and on the bottom side the
Arduino is placed. The major components of the module can
be dissembled from the board making it a portable module.
Fig. 7. Labelled Design of Security System.

The design of the performance monitoring system is shown
Fig. 8. The PCB is double layered of 7.75in x 5.3in dimension.
The motor, motor driver and proximity switch are placed on
the upper side of the PCB. The major components of this
module can be dissembled from the board making it a portable
module as well. A motor and an L298 motor driver is installed
for demonstration purposes.
Fig. 8. Labelled Design of Performance Monitoring System.
The integrated system prototype is shown in Fig. 9. It has
all the components of both security and monitoring system in
one layout. This module can be easily attached to a vehicle
dashboard. Besides private cars, the module can also be
installed in different types of vehicles like CNG, Bus, Truck
and motorcycle etc.
Fig. 9. Design of Integrated System Prototype.
VI. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
The attachable module created for a certain vehicle helps
the owner to set up a password protected initiation of the
vehicle. At the initial phase of installation of the module in the
vehicle the owner gets to set up a security password for the
module
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2017 IEEE Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC)
21 - 23 Dec 2017, Dhaka, Bangladesh
which (s)he can change later on. Once the password is set the
module is good to go. In case the owner forgets the current
password, a unique master password is given to overwrite the
current password. Every time the owners want to start the
car, (s)he has to put in the password. The ignition system of
the vehicle will repudiate to start until the given password
matches the preset password. A full functional performance
monitoring system which includes speedometer is fabricated
at a very low cost using the proximity switch. In perspective
of the Bangladesh, this is a very crucial and sophisticated
part. Most of the public vehicles (CNGs, Taxis etc.) in the
subcontinent lacks a decent speedometer that relays absolute
information about its speed. With the module comes an ardent
solution to such a plight.
The module manufactured will help in pruning the current
hurdles associated with the transportation sector of
Bangladesh to some extent. Although this module is well
working there’s scope for enhancement for the module:
• The speedometer data from the module can be relayed to
a distant device through usage of Wi-Fi.
• A mobile application can be developed to track down the
vehicle [11] [12] and receive real-time data from module.
Besides the mobile app can be developed to such an
extent that the password can be overrode.
• For commercial purposes, the system can be designed in
stronger way and marketed as an industrial package.
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