https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=LfJPA8GwTdk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQOEAo9pWKY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AdbixGqx0W0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KI6jX40WM3w

Concord atau word agreement adalah kesesuaian antara unsur-unsur dalam kalimat, khususnya
antara subjek dengan kata kerja atau auxiliary.

Terdiri atas :
1. Concord of Person
Examples :
 Dewi is a smart student. She is reading book now.
 Mr. Franz is a senior teacher. All of his students love him.
 The boys are very happy. They are playing football games.
 Those people are working at Dani’s house.
 The police have caught the thief who stole my brother’s motorbike.
 Our government promise to take care all of the difficulties.

2. Concord of Number, consist of :

a. Bentuk dan penggunaan jamak : annals, clothes, morals, oats, scissors, shears, stocks, trousers.
Examples :
 The stocks are in the warehouse right now. We will check all of them tomorrow.
 Scissors are considered as a weapon in my school.

b. Subjek All selalu dianggap jamak.

Examples :
 All countries agree with the idea of independence.
 All gifts are wrapped with beautiful papers.
c. Subjek yang dirangkai oleh and, both, both ... and ... dianggap jamak.
Examples :
 The printer and cable data are not worked.
 Both Netherland and Australia give many scholarships every year.
 Both Heru and Adi entered the economic faculty.

d. The number of + plural noun = tunggal

A number of + plural noun = jamak
Examples :
 The number of days in a week is seven.
 A number of artist were rewarded Oscar trophy last night.

e. Arti umum dari suatu kata benda mempunyai bentuk tunggal : algebra, assimilation, honesty,
peace, status, grammar.
Examples :
 Honesty is a quality that you should have today.
 Grammar is not too difficult to learn.

f. Nama bahan, misal : cotton, flour, hay, milk dan negara bermakna tunggal.
Examples :
 In my opinion, cotton is the best material we can use for t-shirt.
 The hay is for my uncle. You should not take it.
 The Philippines consists of more than 7000 islands.

g. Judul film selalu dianggap tunggal.

Examples :
 “Tom and Jerry” is a cartoon that is very popular with children around the world.
 “Desperate Housewives” is on television tonight.

h. Bentuk jamak namun tunggal (jika memiliki arti sebagai sebuah pelajaran) : analytics, civics,
economics, esthetics, ethnics, linguistics, english, mathematics, optics, news, poetics, physics,
phonetics, politics, statistics.
Examples :
 Statistics is a field of study.
 The statistics show us the consumption of electricity each month (jamak karena memiliki arti
sebagai informasi).
 English is becoming a very important language in our country.
 The English like to drink tea (jamak karena memiliki arti orang Inggris).
i. Subjek tunggal tetap diikuti oleh kata kerja/auxiliary tunggal apabila diikuti ungkapan : as well
as, along with, together with, in addition to, dan accompanied by.
 Examples :
 The famous writer, along with his wife and children, is eating in the expensive restaurant.
 Bill, together with his brother, goes to school on foot.
 Chemistry, as well as mathematics, is a killer subject for some students.

j. Subjek yang diawali oleh kata : every, each of, neither of, either of, one of, none, no, everyone,
everybody, anyone, anybody, nobody dianggap tunggal.
Examples :
 The school has a lot of classrooms, each of them is equipped with an overhear projector.
 Each book and magazine is listed in the family’s card catalog.
 Everyone hates him.
 Nobody works harder than John does.
 Something was put under the table.
 No one comes to the meeting (less formal).
 No one come to the meeting (formal).

k. Subjek yang menyatakan jumlah, jarak, volume, berat dan waktu selalu dianggap tunggal.
Examples :
 Two litre milks is poured into the bottle.
 Five hundred miles is along distance to drive in one day.
 Twenty dollars is the prizes for all the stuffs in the store.
 Six hours of sleep is enough for father.

l. Subjek yang berupa kata benda abstrak atau terbentuk dari gerund selalu dianggap tunggal.
Examples :
 Good Governance in Hong Kong’s economic post reunification accomplishes since the laws
has restricted.
 The import of Australian’s cows is canceled because of the mad cows’ issue.
 Reshuffling cabinet is needed when the government can’t afford to overcome the problems.

3. Concord of Noun and Determiner, consist of :

a. Frase preposisi yang berada setelah subjek dan sebelum verb tidak mempengaruhi verb (lihat
tunggal/jamaknya subjek yaitu sebelum preposisi).
Examples :
 The new tradition of housewives working outside the house has caused changes in married
life.

a. Kata a lot of, all, any, mayority, half, no bisa diikuti kata kerja tunggal atau jamak tergantung
objek preposisinya.
Examples :
 A lot of equipment in our kitchen is new.
  A lot of my friends are attending my birthday party.
 All of the beverages have been destroyed.
 All of the beverage has been destroyed.
 Half of the money is kept in the bank.
 No answer is relevant.
 No answers are relevant.

b. Kata several, many, few selalu diikuti dengan kata kerja jamak.
Examples :
 A few soldiers who had been in heavy combat were brought back for a little rest.
 He received several bills which said that they would have to be paid in full.
 After the strike, the company dismissed many employees.
 This exam has several types of problems.

Catatan :

KEY WORDS FOR SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS

For Singular Nouns each every single one a
For Plural Nouns both two many several various

KEY WORDS FOR COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

For Countable Nouns many number few fewer
For Uncountable Nouns much amount little less

c. either + noun + or + benda tunggal : kata kerja tunggal

neither + noun + nor + benda tunggal : kata kerja tunggal
either + noun + or + benda jamak : kata kerja jamak
neither + noun + nor + benda jamak : kata kerja jamak
noun + or + benda tunggal : kata kerja tunggal
noun + or + benda jamak : kata kerja jamak
Examples :
 Either Desi or her mate is going to museum now.
 Either Desi or her mates are going to museum now.
 Neither Budi nor Chandra wants to go abroad.
  Neither Budi nor his friends want to go abroad.
 Ria or Dian loves watching movies.
 Ria or her sisters love watching movies.

d. Ungkapan not only ... but also ... serta kata sambung seperti as well as, and, or, but bersifat
paralel (memiliki struktur yang sama), misalnya menghubungkan gerund dengan gerund, klausa
dengan kluasa, noun dengan noun, dan sebagainya.
Examples :
 They got not only medal but also money (noun)
 Most developing countries are not only heavily burdened with foreign debts but also with
social problem such as unemployment (klausa)
 Sisy plays guitar as well as violin (noun)
 He only eats and sleeps when he takes a vacation (verb)
 There are students in the classroom and in front of the building (frase)
 They are not interested in what you say or what you do (klausa)
 My boss is sincere and nice (adjective)
 The checks will be ready not at noon but at 1:00 (frase)