Chapter 2, Problem 16QP

Problem

Indicate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in each of the following species:

Step-by-step solution

Step 1 of 9

A general representation of an element is . Here, the superscript is the mass

number, the subscript is the atomic number and is the atomic symbol. Sum of number of
protons and neutrons is equal to mass number of an atom. The atomic number of an element is
equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. For a neutral atom, the number of
electrons are equal to the number of protons. However, it is not the case for anions and
cations.

Step 2 of 9

The superscript represents the mass number and the subscript represents the atomic number.
Therefore, tells that the atomic number is 7 and the mass number is 15.

The number of protons are are:

Substitute 7 for .

The number of neutrons are:

Substitute 15 for and 7 for .

The number of electrons are:

Substitute 7 for .

Therefore, the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the species are , and
respectively.

Step 3 of 9
The superscript represents the mass number and the subscript represents the atomic number.
Therefore, tells that the atomic number is 16 and the mass number is 33.

The number of protons are are:

Substitute 16 for .

The number of neutrons are:

Substitute 33 for and 16 for .

The number of electrons are:

Substitute 16 for .

Therefore, the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the species are ,
and respectively.

Step 4 of 9

The superscript represents the mass number and the subscript represents the atomic number.
Therefore, tells that the atomic number is 29 and the mass number is 63.

The number of protons are are:

Substitute 29 for .

The number of neutrons are:

Substitute 63 for and 29 for .

The number of electrons are:

Substitute 29 for .

Therefore, the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the species are ,
and respectively.

Step 5 of 9
The superscript represents the mass number and the subscript represents the atomic number.
Therefore, tells that the atomic number is 38 and the mass number is 84.

Step 6 of 9

The number of protons are are:

Substitute 38 for .

The number of neutrons are:

Substitute 84 for and 38 for .

The number of electrons are:

Substitute 38 for .

Therefore, the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the species are ,
and respectively.

Step 7 of 9

The superscript represents the mass number and the subscript represents the atomic number.
Therefore, tells that the atomic number is 56 and the mass number is 130.

The number of protons are are:

Substitute 56 for .

The number of neutrons are:

Substitute 130 for and 56 for .

The number of electrons are:

Substitute 56 for .

Therefore, the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the species are ,
and respectively.

Step 8 of 9
The superscript represents the mass number and the subscript represents the atomic number.
Therefore, tells that the atomic number is 74 and the mass number is 186.

The number of protons are are:

Substitute 74 for .

The number of neutrons are:

Substitute 186 for and 74 for .

The number of electrons are:

Substitute 74 for .

Therefore, the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the species are ,
and respectively.

Step 9 of 9

The superscript represents the mass number and the subscript represents the atomic number.
Therefore, tells that the atomic number is 80 and the mass number is 202.

The number of protons are are:

Substitute 80 for .

The number of neutrons are:

Substitute 202 for and 80 for .

The number of electrons are:

Substitute 80 for .

Therefore, the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the species are ,
and respectively.