BS EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 (E) -98- ‘50mm clearance to pert cables, TRAYS t — = f e e G u 2 | ———tororrereor to] 2 8 AISLE LEFT a OTT co nencearance btwn OPEN TO PROVIDE ° e "jackedpaniettays mm |g ACCESS TO B 2 Iz LOWER TRAY g c # & SPACE BELOW = 3 3 a a Figure 30 - Example of accessible row of floor tiles to provide access to lower tray 12.4.6 Closures No additional requirements, 12.4.7 Cabling 12.4.7.1 Requirements The technical specification shall detail measures required to prevent unauthorised access to closures, cabinets, frames, racks and cords. 12.4.7.2 Recommendations No recommendations. 12.4.8 Spaces 12.4.8.1 General 12.4.8.1.4 Requirements Spaces intended to contain metallic cabling shall be located away from sources of electromagnetic interference. Examples of such noise sources include electrical power supply transformers, motors and generators, x-ray equipment, radio or radar transmitters, and induction sealing devices. Piping systems other than those providing necessary services to the space (e.g. sprinkler systems and cooling systems) shall not pass through the space. aBS EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 -99- EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 (E) FD Floor loading capacity shall be sufficient to bear both the distributed and concentrated load of the installed equipment with associated cabling and media, The minimum distributed floor loading capacity shall be 5,0 kPa. Consideration should also be given to the floor loadings generated through the transit of equipment and associated infrastructure, Spaces in which cables are routed to cabinets, frames, or racks using under-floor pathways shall be provided with raised floor with an underfloor depth of no less than 200 mm, Where cables are routed using high-level or ceiling- mounted pathway systems, the height of cabinets, frames and racks shall not exceed 75% of the unobstructed height between the finished floor and any overhead objects such as sprinklers, lighting fixtures, or cameras. Unless the range of cabinets, frames and racks to be Used is to be restricted, spaces shall provide a minimum of 2,6 m unobstructed height. NOTE The use of overhead pathway systems or cabinets, frame and racks taller than 2,13 m may necassitate increased unobstructed height requirements. While access is required to cabinets, frames, and racks, lighting shall provide a minimum of 500 lux measured ‘1 m above the finished floor in front (and at the rear, if applicable) of the cabinets, frames, and racks. Where risk of water ingress exists, a means of detecting and evacuating water from the space(s) shall be provided. Where floor drains are used they shall be fitted with a facility for blocking the ingress of water. 12.4.8.1.2 Recommendations Spaces should be located centrally in the area they serve. Positive air pressure systems (Including appropriate filters) should be used to prevent ingress of dust and other contamination to the space. Any water and drain pipes that pass through the space should be located away from and net directly above cabling or equipment. Consideration should be given to application of floor covering comprised of anti-static material (see EN 50174-1), Spaces in which cables are routed to cabinets, frames, or racks using under-floor pathways should be provided with raised floor with an under-floor depth of no less than 300 mm. Ceiling height should be 3 m minimum to allow the installation of: a) widest range of cabinets, frames and rack heights: b) high-level or ceiling- mounted pathway systems. 12.4.8.2 Entrance rooms 12.4.8.24 quirements Consideration shall be given to facility, occupants’ and users’ telecommunications connectivity needs. The number and size of entrance rooms shall be determined taking into consideration: aBS EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 (E) ~100- a) cabling lengths for access and/or service providers circuits; b) requirements for redundancy; ©) requirements for compartmentation between different access and/or service providers; d)_ predicted requirements for: entrance pathways for access provider and premises cabling (e.9. campus cabling for generic cabling in accordance with the EN 50173 series); — backboard and frame space for termination of access provider and premises cabling — access andlor service provider cabinets and racks to accommodate, as required; — space for the presentation of the cable terminations of the access providers; — space for the presentation of equipment ports; — surge protection devices ‘Access to an entrance room shall be controlled by the building owner/agent with further controls applied to the access provider, service provider and primary building distribution spaces it may contain. ‘Typical information necessary to determine the requirements for entrance rooms is shown in Table 13. Table 13 — Environmental requirements for multi-tenant buildings Information provided to | service providers Information provided by service providers: ‘General information concering cher uses of the bulking, | Space and mounting requirements for surge protection including athe tenants equipment on incoming metalic cables Plans and dimensions of entrance pathways Wom the = Douncary rough demarcation point Plans of enrance pathways from the boundary ofthe ‘Quanity and dimensions of access provider recks and premises fo the entrance toom, including location of cabinets antenance holes, hand:-holas and craw-boxes Floorplans for the BEF and entrance room Power requirements for equipment, inclucing recoptacio ‘ypes ‘Assigned locaion ofthe access and service prowders Service clearances poteciors, cabinets, racks or frames ‘Cablo pathways within entrance room (under access floor, | Installation schedulo overhead cable ladders, other) ‘Requested location and inlerface for demarcation ofeach | Service schedule {ype of cet to be provided by tne serica provider (for gener cating) 12.4.8.2.2 Recommendations The following recommendations are in addition to those of 12.4.8.1.2 Rooms should be provided with doors that:BS EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 ~101- EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 (E) a) are 1 m wide and 2,13 m high (min) b) do not have a doorsill, ©) are fitted with a lock or locking system; d) have either no centre post or a removable centre post to facilitate access for large equipment. Floors, walls and ceilings should be selected and treated to minimise the generation of dust. To provide additional space for installation and maintenance, entrance room dimensions should be (3 x 3)m (min. If access to both cabled and wireless services is required, then the entrance facilities may require adjustment in size, quantity and location. 12.4.8.3 Access provider spaces 12.4.8.3.1 Requirements Access to the access provider spaces shall be controlled by the access provider or the building owner/agent and shall be in accordance with specific local regulation, where appropriate. Common approaches include lockable cabinets and caged spaces. Access provider spaces shall be configured so that each can be accessed through common-use corridors. ‘The temperature and humidity shall be maintained to allow continuous operation of the active equipment. Adequate power supply shall be provided. 12.4.8.3.2 Recommendations ‘The minimum dimensions of an access provider space should be 1,5m x 2m. Access provider spaces should be in close proximity to a primary building distribution space. The access provider spaces should be selected so that the area may be expanded, Wireless access provider spaces should be located as close as practical to the wireless transmission/reception devices to which they are connected, Where access providers share space, individual spaces should be segregated by means of partitions Partitions may be comprised of wire mesh or architectural assemblies. 12.4.8.4 Service provider spaces 12.4.8.4.1 Requirements Access to the service provider spaces shall be controlled by the service provider or the building owner/agent and shall be in accordance with specific local regulation, where appropriate. Common approaches include lockable cabinets and caged spaces. Service provider spaces shall be configured so that each can be accessed through common-use corridors.BS EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 (E) ~102- ‘The temperature and humidity shall be maintained to allow continuous operation of the active equipment. Adequate power supply shall be provided. 12.4.8.4.2 Recommendations ‘The minimum dimensions of a service provider space should be 1,5 mx 2m. 12.4.8.5 Primary building distribution spaces 12.4.8.5.1 Requirements ‘Access to a primary building distribution space shall be controlled by the building owner/agent, The primary building distribution space shall be located as close as practicable to the location where the vertical backbone pathways rise throughout the building to the secondary building distribution space(s), thereby reducing the length of the associated pathways. Tenants premises equipment shall not be located in a primary building distribution space. The temperature and humidity shall be maintained to allow continuous operation of the active equipment. Adequate power supply shall be provided. 12.4.8.5.2 Recommendations ‘The minimum dimensions of a primary building distribution space should be 3 m x 4 m. A primary building distribution space should contain only those facilities that serve multiple tenants in a building. it may be appropriate to employ more than one primary building distribution space in a building. Efficiencies can be gained through establishment of space to support functions of access providers, service providers and primary building distribution space in one contiguous space. The primary building distribution space location should be selected so that the room can be expanded, Buildings with gross area of 50 000 m? of less should allocate 12 m* of floor space for the primary building distribution space, and preference should be given to efficient use of any available wall space. Buildings with gross area greater than 50 000 m’ should adjust the primary building distribution space area upward in increments of 1 m* for every increase of 10 000 m* in gross building area and rack mounted equipment should then be considered, The room width shall not be less than 2,5 m internal dimension. 12.4.8.6 Secondary building distribution spaces 12.4.8.6.1 Requirements Access to a secondary building distribution space shall be controlled by the building owner/agent. Tenants premises equipment shall not be located in a secondary building distribution space. The design of a secondary building distribution space shall be based upon the present and future requirements of the space to be served, ‘The temperature and humidity shall be maintained to allow continuous operation of the active equipment.BS EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 ~103- EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 (E) B Adequate power supply shall be provided. 12.4.8.6.2 Recommendations The minimum floor area of a secondary building distribution space should be 8 m”. When the area served exceeds 2 000 m* consideration should be given to providing more than one secondary building distribution space. A secondary building distribution space should contain only those facilities that serve multiple tenants in a building, 12.5 Requirements for the installers of information technology cabling No additional recommendations. 12.6 Segregation of metallic information technology cabling and power supply cabling No additional recommendations.BS EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 (E) = 104- Annex A (informative) EMC and protection A.A Coupling mechanisms and countermeasures A.1.1 General EMC performance of installed cabling is influenced by several different coupling phenomena which may have adverse effects at different frequencies. These situations are explained in the following subclauses. A.1.2 Countermeasures against galvanic or common mode impedance coupling Impedances in common mode current paths, if they cannot be avoided, should be kept as low as possible. The main countermeasures to minimise the effects of common mode impedance coupling are: a) reduce the common mode impedance; b) reduce the amplitude of the disturbing currents, A.1.3 Countermeasures against capacitive coupling ‘The main countermeasures to minimise the effects of capacitive couplings are: a) symmetrical transmission on balanced cabling! Conductors are identically exposed to the same electric field. Induced interfering voltages in both conductors have the same polarity and amplitude: the wanted differential mode signal remains Unaffected up to certain frequencies. The interference appears as an unwanted common mode signal Depending on its common mode rejection ratio, the correct operation of connected equipment is influenced by the presence of common mode voltages: b) screened cabling and/or metallic or composite cable management systems specially designed for EMC purposes diminish the influence of electric fields if the cable screen is = of low impedance; - of large surface area; and if the cable screen or cable management system (see Figure A.1) is = continuous along the cabling channel; ~ earthed and bonded as detailed in this standard, Since the cable management system is fixed at earth potential via the bonding network, unwanted electric charges cannot cause voltage rises. At high frequencies the method of grounding of the screen at the cable ends is very important. Even a few centimetres of unscreened lead (pigtail) can compromise the screen effectiveness, metalic screens source victim Figure A.1 — Screened cables reduce capacitive couplingBS EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 - 105 - EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 (E) A.1.4 Countermeasures against inductive coupling ‘The main countermeasures to minimise the effects of inductive couplings are: a) symmetrical transmission on balanced cabling) Single conductors are twisted together; the surfaces of possible induction loops are very small. Only few magnetic field lines penetrate these loops. Adjacent twists create induced voltages in phase opposition which as a consequence cancel each other. The induced difference between the two conductors approaches close to zero. On the other hand a common mode disturbance is induced in the loop formed with the (twisted) conductors and the earth. The influence on the equipment is reduced by the common mode rejection of the connected port b) screened cabling: Screened cabling provides — depending on the frequency and the materials used - protection against magnetic fields if the screen is earthed and/or connected to the equipment bonding system at both cable ends. In general, no adequate protection against magnetic fields is given, if the screen of the cable is not connected to ground. Exceptions to this rule exist e.g. when the unconnected cable screen is placed on the surface of or near to an equipotential bonding system. ©) metallic or composite cable management systems specially designed for EMC purposes: Metallic or composite cable management systems specially designed for EMC purposes can diminish the influence of magnetic fields if: = elements are properly bonded; — the cable management system has a low impedance connection to the equipotential bonding system at both ends; = the frequency is above a minimum value (depending on material and thickness) The disturbing magnetic field also induces a current in the loop built up with the cable management system and the earth. This current creates an opposite magnetic field which compensates the initial one. At minimum the effect can be improved with a Parallel Earth Conductor to cable. The PEC principle is explained in IEC/TR 61000-5-3 Since both capacitive and inductive coupling exist simultaneously, the composite takes into account the effect of each contributor, unless one of the two may be neglected. A.1.5 Countermeasures against radiative coupling The main countermeasure to minimise the effects of radiated couplings are: a) for feld to cable (see Figure A) reduce the antenna effect ofthe disturbed cable (reduce the cable height fi, put the cable into metallic or composite cable management systems specially designed for EMC purposes, use cables with improved electromagnetic immunity correctly installed (and bonded in the case of screened cables), add earthed parallel conductors, add fiters or ferrite beads, etc.) b) for field to loop (see Figure A): reduce the disturbed loop area (reduce height and length of the cable, all the solutions of a) are also valid); ©) use the Faraday cage principle’ A screened cable connected at both ends with the screening of the equipment is 2 possible solution; the equipment need not be earthed in the case of high frequencies. When connecting both equipments to earth, current loops should be avoided or at least minimised, Radiated coupling decreases with distance and through the application of symmetrical transmission on balanced cabling,BS EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 (E) - 106 - J 6x00 lh} | Ground oop Lennie Figure A.3 - Magnetic field to loop, inductive coupling example Equement 4 A.1.6 Protection against very low frequency fields A.1.6.1 General Electricity supply installations such as high and medium voltage lines and transformers, high-voltage distribution bus bar systems and electric traction installations create low frequency (electric and magnetic) fields which can disturb information technology equipment and installations. A4.6.2 Design Very low frequency fields can be diverted with the aid of: a) high permeability metals; b) loop constructions compensating magnetic fields; c) metallic walls or parts thereof, made of copper or aluminium of sufficient thickness. Provided that the segregation distances are met cases and countermeasures against very low frequency fields are: EXAMPLE 1 Power cabling produces too high magnetic field in relation to the environment in question. Countermeasure: Use a power cable with a known/specified screening effectiveness or put an overall screen around the power cable, made of high permeability metal. Take in to account saturation and mechanical shocks. EXAMPLE 2 ‘A magnetic field arises, because part of the global (mains) current flows back through the earth and not through the cabling (see Figure A.4),BS EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 - 107 - EN 50174-2:2009+A2:2014 (E) magnetic, an current Figure A.4 ~ Magnetic field Countermeasure: In this case the magnetic field produces disturbances, so this situation can be difficult. To overcome it, a short circuit loop made of high conductive metal (such as copper) could compensate in a good part this field and thus overcome the disturbing situation). Other countermeasures could be taken e.g at the “sink’ side (see Example 1). The last possibilty is to change the installation in such a way that no magnetic fields are created, 1.6.3 Installation guidelines Some local codes impose other restrictions and requirements and will in most cases take precedence over other guidelines. Avoid loops as explained in A.1 and shown in Figure A.4, Install instead as shown in Figure A.5, Figure A.5 — Earthing arrangement Arrange the high-voltage distribution bus bar system in such a way as to minimize the emission of magnetic fields. Avoid installing information technology equipment near to disturbing sources. A.2 The EMC concept In view of the practical realization of EMC concepts the questions listed in Table A.1 should be answered. For each question it is recommended to set checkmarks as appropriate.