CONTENTS

PREFACE i
AC KNOWLEDGEMENTS iii
ABBREVIATIONS iv
TABLE OF CASES viii
CHAPTERS I INTRODUCTION 1 - 21
,A
I OBJECT OF STUDY '' 10
II PROVINCE OF STUDY
s 15
III SOCIO- LEGAL EFFECTS ^ 17
IV SCHEME OF STUDY ‘ 18
CHAPTER II CHANGING CONCEPTS OF MARRIAGE STABILITY 22 - 80
I INTRODUCTION 22
II DEFINITION OF MARRIAGE 24
III MARRIAGE, A PRIME INSTITUTION 26
IV INCIDENCES OF MARRIAGE 31
V CHANGING CONCEPTS OF MARRIAGE UNDER 36
DIFFERENT PERSONAL LAWS
VI NATURE OF MARRIAGE UNDER HINDU LAW 37
VII NATURE OF MARRIAGE UNDER MUSLIM LAW 53
VIII NATURE OF MARRIAGE UNDER CHRISTIAN LAW 63
IX NATURE OF MARRIAGE UNDER PARSI LAW 67
X NATURE OF MARRIAGE UNDER JEWISH LAW 70
XI STABILITY OF MARRIAGE AND MATRIMONIAL 70
REMEDIES
XII DUTIES OF RECONCILIATION 77
CHAPTER III RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHT-HISTORICAL 81-11
PERSPECTIVE
I INTRODUCTION 81
II DEFINITION OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS 82
III HISTORICAL RETROSPECT OF MARRIAGE AND 87
RESTITUTION UNDER ROMAN LAW
IV REMEDY UNDER JEWISH LAW 92
 V HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT UNDER ENGLISH LAW 93
VI HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF RESTITUTION 98
OF CONJUGAL RIGHT UNDER INDIAN LAWS
VII STATUTORY PROVISIONS OF THE REMEDY 112
UNDER VARIOUS PERSONAL LAWS
CHAPTER IV CHANGING STATUS OF WOMEN AND 116 - II
MATRIMONIAL - REMEDIES
I INTRODUCTION 116
II STATUS OF WOMEN UNDER HINDU LAW 119
III STATUS OF WOMEN IN ISLAM 141
IV STATUS OF WOMEN UNDER CHRISTIAN LAW 153
V STATUS OF WOMEN UNDER PARSI LAW 158
VI SOCIAL WELFARE LEGISLATIONS FOR THE 160
BENEFIT OF WOMEN
VII ANOMALIES, DISPARITIES, DISCRIMINATION 162
AND INEQUALITIES UNDER DIFFERENT LAWS
VIII CO-RELATION BETWEEN STATUS AMD MATRIMONIAL.. 170
REMEDIES
CHAPTER V RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHT UNDER 177 - 2<
HINDU LAW
I INTRODUCTION 177
II REMEDY UNDER THE HINDUMARRIAGE ACT .178
III EFFECT OF THE ACT ON PENDING SUITS 185
IV EXISTENCE OF VALID MARRIAGE, 183
A-PRE-REQUISITE.
V ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS TO SEEK RESTITUTION 191
OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS
VI SINCERITY OF PETITION 265
VII RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SECTION 9 AND 267
BREAKDOWN GROUNDS OF MARRIAGE
VIII APPLICATION OF SECTION 23(1)(a) TO 270
SECTION 13(1A)
 IX JUDICIAL TRENDS OF PETITION BY HUSBAND
\s
A JUDICIAL TRENDS OF PETITION BY WIFE
XI CONSTITUTIONAL VALIDITY OF SECTION 9
XII RATIONALE OF THE REMEDY
CHAPTER VI RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHT UNDER
MUSLIM, CHRISTIAN AND PARSI LANS
PART I
I INTRODUCTION
II INCORPORATION OF THE REMEDY
111 AVAILABILITY OF THE REMEDY
IV NATURE OF SUIT FOR RESTITUTION OF
CONJUGAL RIGHTS
V RESTITUTION NOT AN ABSOLUTE RIGHT
VI SUBSISTENCE OF VALID MARRIAGE - A
CONI) ITI ON PRECEDENT
VII ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS TO SEEK THE REMEDY
VIII REASONABLE EXCUSES IN SUITS FOR
RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS
IX INVALID DEFENCES IN SUITS FOR RESTITUTION
OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS
X ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY AND
RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS
XI JUDICIAL TRENDS
XII RATIONALE OF THE REMEDY
PART II
T BASIC OF THE REMEDY UNDER CHRISTIAN LAW
II STATUTORY PROVISION OF THE REMEDY
III ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS TO SEEK REMEDY
IV REASONABLE EXCUSES UNDER CHRISTIAN LAW
V JUDICIAL TRENDS OF PETITION
VI RATIONAL OF THE REMEDY
 PART III
I RELIGIOUS DOCTRINE AND BASIC OF REMEDY
II STATUTORY PROVISIONS OF THE REMEDY
III ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS TO SEEK REMEDY
IV JUDICIAL. TRENDS 365
V RATIONALE OF THE REMEDY 371
VI CONCLUDING OBSERVATION
CHAPTER VII RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS 374
VIS-A-VIS FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT
I INTRODUCTION 374
II NATURE OF PERSONAL LAWS UNDER THE 376
CONSTITUTION
III DIFFERENT JUDICIAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE 381
VALIDITY OF SECTION 9 OF THE HINDU
MARRIAGE ACT
IV RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS AND 393
ARTICLE 14 OF THE CONSTITUTION
V RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS AND RIGHT 406
TO PRIVACY
VI RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHT AND RIGHTS 412
TO FREEDOM
VII RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHT AND RIGHT 414
AGAINST EXPLOITATION
CHAPTER VIII RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS IN 419
SOCIO—LEGAL PERSPECTIVE
I INTRODUCTION 419
II LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE REMEDY 420
III SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE REMEDY 429
CHAPTER IX CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 437
PART I 437
PART II 457
BIBLIOGRAPHY 463