18:

∠DEG = ∠EGH (alt. ∠s DE//GH)

∠DEG = 125°
∠BDE + ∠DEG = 180° (int. ∠s BD//GE)
∠BDE + 125° = 180°
∠BDE = 55°
∠ABD = ∠BDE (alt. ∠s AB//DE)
x = 55°

34(a):
∠BDC = ∠EBD (alt. ∠s EB//CD)
∠BDC = x – 12°
∠BDC + ∠DBC + ∠DCB = 180° (∠ sum of triangle)
x – 12° + 2x + x = 180°
4x = 192°
x = 48°

(b):
∠ABE + ∠EBD + ∠DBC = 180° (adj. ∠s on a st. line)
∠ABE + 48° – 12° + 48° x 2 = 180°
∠ABE = 48°
Also, ∠EDF = 84° (given)
∠ABE + ∠EBD
48° + 36°
= 84°
= ∠EDF
∴ AC//ED (corr. ∠s equal)

37:
∠DCA + ∠BAD = 180° (int. ∠s, AB//CD)
∠DCA + 55 = 180°
∠DCA = 125°
∠DCA + ∠ACE + ∠DCE = 360° (∠s at a pt.)
125 + 130 + ∠DCE = 360°
∠DCE = 105°
∠DCE + ∠FEC
= 105° + 75°
= 180°
∴ CD//EF (int. ∠s supp.)

40:
Draw line BF such that BF//CD
∠CBF + ∠BCD = 180° (int. ∠s BF//CD)
∠CBF + 120° = 180°
∠CBF = 60°
Also, ∠BAE = 70° (given)
∠CBF + ∠ABC + ∠BAE
= 60° + 50° + 70°
= 180°
∴ AE//CD (int. ∠s supp.)