National University of San Marcos

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National University of San Marcos
Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
UNMSM escudo XVI-XXI transparente siglas nombre vertical.svg
Latin: The Academy of St. Marcos in the City of Kings in Peru
UNMSM sedes principales.png
Latin: Academia S. Marci Vrbis Regvm in Perv
Motto Universidad del Per�,
Decana de Am�rica
Motto in English University of Peru,
Dean of the Americas
Type Public
Established May 12, 1551 (470 years ago)
Founder Charles V
Endowment PEN S/. 400,732,439 (FY 2013)[1][2]
Rector Dr. Orestes Cachay Boza
Academic staff 2,931 (2017)
Students 37,032 (2017)
Undergraduates 28,645 (2010)[3][4]
Postgraduates 8,520 (2015)[5]
Location Lima, Peru
12�03'30?S 77�05'00?WCoordinates: 12�03'30?S 77�05'00?W
Campus Urban
70 hectares (170 acres) (main campus)
Colors Gold
Magenta
White
Steel blue
Mascot Lion
Website unmsm.edu.pe
UNMSM escudo XVI-XXI transparente siglas nombre horizontal.svg
The National University of San Marcos (Spanish: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San
Marcos, UNMSM) is a public research university in Lima, the capital of Peru. Also
known as the University of Peru and the "Dean University of the Americas", it is
the first officially established (privilege by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor) and
the oldest continuously operating university in the Americas.[6] Since its
foundation, it was commonly referred as the "Royal and Pontifical University of the
City of the Kings of Lima" until the Viceroyalty period and as of now, it is
referred to as Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos or La Decana de Am�rica.

It is one of a few Peruvian universities which has managed to rank 1st nationally
in several editions of different international university rankings.[7][8][9][10]
[11][12] Its main campus, the University City, is located in Lima. It was chartered
on May 12, 1551, by a royal decree signed by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, which
makes it the oldest officially established university in the Americas.[13][14] San
Marcos has 66 academic-professional schools,[15] organized into 20 faculties, and 6
academic areas. All of the faculties offer undergraduate and graduate degrees. The
student body consists of over 30,000 undergraduate and 4,000 graduate students from
all the country, as well as some international students. The university has a
number of public institutions under its government such as the San Marcos Cultural
Center and the Museum of Natural History of Lima.
Notable alumni include the only Peruvian Nobel laureate so far, Mario Vargas Llosa,
and twenty-one Peruvian presidents. San Marcos is also recognized for the quality
of its curricular contents, a competitive admissions process, as well as for being
a center of scientific research.[16] Several Peruvian and Latin American
influential thinkers, researchers, scientists, politicians and writers have studied
there, which underscores San Marcos' leading role as an educational institution in
the history of Peru and the world.

Contents
1 History
1.1 Founding
2 Administration and organization
2.1 Government
3 Academics
3.1 Admission
3.2 Faculties
3.3 Libraries and museums
3.4 Research
3.5 Rankings
4 Campuses
4.1 University city
4.2 Casona of the National University of San Marcos
4.3 San Fernando Campus
5 Student Life
5.1 Cultural organizations
6 Athletics
7 Notable alumni and academics
8 Gallery
9 See also
10 Notes
11 References
12 External links
History
Founding

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Once established the Viceroyalty of Peru after the Spanish conquest of the Inca
Empire, an educational program known as �Estudios Generales� (General Studies) was
founded in 1548 and directed by the Dominican Order inside the Basilica of Santo
Domingo, Lima. Its principal aim was to educate officials to be in charge of the
administration and the catholic clergy and hence, guarantee the colonial order.[17]
In 1550, because of the Cabildo of Lima's iniciative, which was a municipal
corporation, Dominican predictor Tom�s de San Mart�n and captain Jer�nimo de Aliaga
were sent to Spain with the mission to ask for the foundation of a university back
in Peru.

Tower at the University of Puerto Rico at R�o Piedras, showing (right) the emblem
of Harvard University?�?the oldest in the United States?�?and (left) that of
University of San Marcos?�?the oldest in the Americas.
San Marcos is considered the oldest university in the Americas. It was officially
established by a royal decree (signed by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor) on May 12,
1551, and since then it has operated without interruption. Hence, it is locally
known as the Dean of the Americas ("dean" in the sense of "oldest member"). San
Marcos also claims that according to the Archivo General de Indias, a Spanish
repository of documents on the former colonies in the sixteenth to eighteenth
centuries, there were no official Spanish records of any other university or
higher-education institution before 1551.[6]

Although the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo was founded in 1538, it was not
officially recognized by Royal Decree until 1558, and, as many other universities
in the Americas closed during independence wars and other political conflicts, it
was closed due to the occupations of the Dominican Republic by Haiti and then the
United States. The National University of Santo Domingo's founding Papal bull In
Apostolatus culmine, was not officially recognized by the King of Spain at the
time; hence making into an apocryphal document. The Peruvian institution also
states that the document in question was discredited by Pope Paul III.[18][19]

Administration and organization

Government
The university was originally headed by members of the clergy. During the
Enlightenment, Bourbon reforms transformed it into a secular institution. Nowadays,
the university is governed by:

The University Council

The University Assembly (composed of professors and students, with the latter
holding a third of the seats)
The Rector (president)
Two Vice-Rectors:
Academic Vice-Rector
Vice-Rector of investigation
Academics
Admission
Faculties
The original faculties at San Marcos were Theology, Arts (the old Scholastic term
for what is now known as academic Philosophy) and Law; Jurisprudence, and Medicine
were added later in the colonial period. The Faculty of Natural Sciences and the
Faculty of Economics and Commerce were created in the mid-19th century. The Faculty
of Science was subdivided by specialities in the 20th century. The Faculty of
Theology was closed in 1935.

In the mid-1990s, San Marcos' departments were grouped into four academic blocks.
Nowadays, San Marcos' faculties are grouped into 6 academic areas.

Academic area Faculty Department

A: HEALTH SCIENCES 01. Faculty of Human Medicine
Escudo Facultad de Medicina San Fernando de la UNMSM.svg 01.1. Human Medicine
01.2. Obstetrics
01.3. Nursing
01.4.1. Medical Technology: Clinical Laboratory and Pathological Anatomy
01.4.2. Medical Technology: Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation
01.4.3. Medical Technology: Radiology
01.4.4. Medical Technology: Occupational Therapy
01.5. Nutrition
04. Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry
Escudo Facultad de Farmacia y Bioqu�mica de la UNMSM.svg 04.1. Pharmacy and
Biochemistry
04.2. Food Science
04.3. Toxicology
05. Faculty of Dentistry
Escudo Facultad de Odontolog�a de la UNMSM.svg 05.1. Odontology
08. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Escudo Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la UNMSM.svg 08.1. Veterinary
Medicine
18. Faculty of Psychology
ESCUDO DE PSICOLOGIA (transparente).png 18.1. Psychology
18.2. Organizational Psychology and Human Management
B: BASIC SCIENCES 07. Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 07.1.
Chemistry
10. Faculty of Biological Sciences 10.1. Biological Sciences
10.2. Genetics and Biotechnology
10.3. Microbiology and Parasitology
13. Faculty of Physical Sciences 13.1. Physics
14. Faculty of Mathematical Sciences 14.1. Math
14.2. Statistics
14.3. Operative investigation
14.4. Scientific Computing
C: ENGINEERING 07. Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 07.2.
Chemical engineering
07.3. Agroindustrial engineering
13. Faculty of Physical Sciences 13.2. Mechanical Engineering of Fluids
16. Faculty of Geological, Mining, Metallurgical and Geographical Engineering
16.1. Geological Engineering
16.2. Geographical Engineering
16.3. Mining Engineering
16.4. Metallurgical Engineering
16.5. Civil Engineering
16.6. Environmental engineering
17. Faculty of Industrial Engineering
Escudo Facultad de Ingenier�a Industrial de la UNMSM.svg 17.1. Industrial
Engineering
17.2. Textile Engineering
17.3. Occupational Health and Safety Engineering
19. Faculty of Electronic and Electrical Engineering 19.1. Electronic Engineering
19.2. Electric engineering
19.3. Telecommunications Engineering
20. Faculty of Systems Engineering and Informatics 20.1. Systems engineer
20.2. Software Engineering
D: ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES 09. Faculty of Administrative Sciences
09.1. Business Administration
09.2. Tourism Administration
09.3. International Business management
11. Faculty of Accounting Sciences 11.1. Accounting
11.2. Tax management
11.3. Business and Public Audit
12. Faculty of Economic Sciences
Escudo Facultad de Econom�a de la UNMSM.svg 12.1. Economics
12.2. Public Economics
12.3. International economics
E: HUMANITIES AND LEGAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 03. Faculty of Letters and Human
Sciences 03.1. Literature
03.2. Philosophy
03.3. Linguistics
03.4. Social Communication
03.5. History of Art
03.6. Librarianship and Information Sciences
03.7. Dance
03.8. Conservation and restoration
06. Faculty of Education 06.1.1. Initial education
06.1.2. Primary education
06.1.3.1. Secondary Education: English and Spanish
06.1.3.2. Secondary Education: Language and Literature
06.1.3.3. Secondary Education: History and Geography
06.1.3.4. Secondary Education: Philosophy, Tutoring and Social Sciences
06.1.3.5. Secondary Education: Mathematics and Physics
06.1.3.6. Secondary Education: Biology and Chemistry
06.2. Physical education
02. Faculty of Law and Political Science 02.1. Law
02.2. Politic Science
15. Faculty of Social Sciences 15.1. History
15.2. Sociology
15.3. Anthropology
15.4. Archeology
15.5. Social Work
15.6. Geography
Libraries and museums
Research

Mural dedicated to research and knowledge (Main Library).

Throughout its history, the National University of San Marcos has significantly
contributed to the scientific development of Peru. Currently, the National
University of San Marcos is one of the few Peruvian universities that conducts
research � only 10 out of over 80 universities.[20] This is mostly due to the fact
the national government has not properly financed research development in the last
decades.[21]

Regarding development of research activities of San Marcos, halfway through the

20th century, the Peruvian government issued provisions to place emphasis and
create areas of scientific and student-led research. As a result, throughout these
years many museums and institutes have been created within San Marcos to promote
research in different areas of human knowledge. During the last years of the decade
of 1990 and the beginning of 2000, the university renewed its research system
through the assignation of specific projects to diverse academic departments.[22]

There are currently over 30 centers, units and institutes of research in San
Marcos.[23][24][25] Each one of these centers or institutes are grouped according
to the academic area where they develop their research, therefore they are
categorized in the following general areas: health sciences, basic sciences,
engineering, economy-business, and humanities.

According to their area of study, the research centers have specialized museums and
laboratories where they develop and display their work. Each institute also has
their own publications where they present reports and results of the work of their
researchers.[23]

Rankings
Together with the Cayetano Heredia University and the Pontifical Catholic
University of Peru, the National University of San Marcos is one of the only three
Peruvian universities, and so far the only public one, which has managed to rank
first nationally in several editions of different international university
rankings.[26][27][28][29][30][31] In 2021, the Webometrics Ranking of World
Universities of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) ranked the National
University of San Marcos as the best university in the country, in its first
ranking of the year.[32][33][34]

Campuses
University city
Casona of the National University of San Marcos
San Fernando Campus
Student Life
Cultural organizations
Athletics
Notable alumni and academics
See also Category:National University of San Marcos alumni and Category:National
University of San Marcos faculty

Class of Jurisprudence and Law of 1896 posing in front of department's water

fountain
Mario Vargas Llosa, novelist, Nobel Prize in Literature (2010)
Santiago Ant�nez de Mayolo, engineer and scientist
Jos� Mar�a Arguedas, novelist and anthropologist
Alberto Andrade Carmona, politician, Mayor of Lima and founder of We Are Peru.
Alberto Barton, physician and microbiologist
Jorge Basadre, historian
Luis Bedoya Reyes, attorney, congressman, Mayor of Lima and founder of the
Christian People's Party
G. E. Berrios, professor of psychiatry at the University of Cambridge
Bertha Bouroncle, physician
Violeta Berm�dez Valdivia, current Prime Minister of Peru.
Alfredo Bryce Echenique, novelist
Carlos Bustamante, biophysicist
Daniel Alcides Carri�n, medical student and pioneer in medical research
Ramiro Castro de la Mata Caama�o, scientist
Carlos Manuel Chavez, heart surgeon
Jos� Santos Chocano, poet
Antonio Cornejo-Polar, literary critic
Marco Aurelio Denegri, literary critic, sexologist and television host.
Luis A. Eguiguren, educator, magistrate, historian and Peruvian politician
Alan Garc�a (LLB), President of Peru in two occasions, member of the American
Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA)
Godofredo Garc�a, mathematician and engineer
V�ctor Ra�l Haya de la Torre, revolutionary thinker, founder of the American
Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA)
Cayetano Heredia, physician.
Martha Hildebrandt, peruvian linguist.
Elmer Huerta, physician and health communicator.
Mariano Iberico Rodr�guez, philosopher.
Andy Mart�nez, athlete and national record.
Pilar Mazzetti, former Minister of Heath.
Francisco Mir� Quesada Cantuarias, philosopher and logician.
�scar Mir� Quesada de la Guerra, scientific journalist.
Carlos Monge Medrano, physician.
Ciro G�lvez, lawyer and professor of quechua.
Bernardo O'Higgins, military officer and first President of Chile
Valent�n Paniagua Corazao, former President of Peru
Hugo Pesce, physician and leprosy specialist
Nicole Pillman (es), singer, songwriter and chartered public accountant.
Manuel Prado Ugarteche, former President of Peru in two occasions
Laura Esther Rodriguez Dulanto, first female physician in Peru
Luis Alberto S�nchez, writer and statesman
Manuel Scorza, novelist
Ruth Shady, archaeologist and anthropologist
Alberto Tejada, urologist and soccer referee.
Gladys Tejeda, long-distance runner
Julio C. Tello, physician, archaeologist, and anthropologist
Oscar Ugarte, physician
Hip�lito Unanue, physician
Abraham Valdelomar, poet and short-story writer
Carlos Vidal Layseca, physician and professor of medicine.
Federico Villarreal, scientist and mathematician
Augusto Weberbauer, German naturalist
Pedro Zulen, philosopher and librarian
Mar�a Luisa Aguilar, Peruvian astronomer
Esther Festini, first woman alumni