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    5 views13 pages

    Transfer of Heat

    Uploaded by

    Abbas Jafri

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 13
    s Topic 8 Transter Of Hest 8 infra-red ma eae wath their outside snrfaces aS heaton 8 painted either wh i o pth ra ‘) Piven, Bach can evntaine the same se water initially at 80°C. ‘After five minutes in a coal room, which can contains the coolest Iadatons nd mere water? tacoma 4 8 beat ere, ee by evaporation and coy cold water vection aso, 2ZAt ‘The hot water in the black ean cools 552 fect hy a black surface jg more quickly than the hot water in beter ahserey se y3 the white ean. The cold water in the 35 a beter emer t ——— black can heats up more quickly than j ull black Polished silver fhe cold water in the white can, wafedralfos Which row shows the reasons for [© Fat c i D this? Detter emitier [beter absorber ofinfra-red | of infra-red Al black lack B| black white = c] white black cul black polished siver p| white white 1s09/P1/Q18) 7v09/P2 /Qr4} 2. The diagrams show four cans ina cool, When a refrigerator is switched on room, They are painted as shown, One "for the first time, the air surround. pair is filled with hot water and left _ing the ice-box is cooled. to cool down. The other pair is filled with cold water and placed near infra-red heaters, ige-box— hot water What happens to the density of this ir and to its positi ide the retrigertien® Position inside th Scanned with CamScanner opie 8 Transfer Of Heat position 9 der A | decreases ity vain ks to the bottom | B| decreases | stays at the top increases | sinks to the bottom increases stays at the top BNO PLQIay 4, The tubes inside solar heating, panels use the Sun's radiation to warm water, Why are the tubes painted black? A Black surfaces absorb radiation well. B__ Black surfaces conduct heat well © Black surfaces emit radiation wel. D_ Black surfaces reflect radiation well. 1N10/P1/Q13} 5, How does heat transfer through a vacuum take place? ‘A. by conduction, convection and radiation B_ by conduction only C by convection only D_ by radiation only INII/P1/Q19} 6. How is heat conducted in a metal? 2 A. by movement of electrons through the metal only B_ by movement of atoms through the metal only C by vibration of atoms and move- ment of electrons through the metal D by vibration of atoms only [512/P1/QU7} Four metal cans are identical except for the colour and the texture of their outer surfaces. 100 cm* of water at 70°C is poured into each can, Mca8 ™ page 2 Which coots the most. rapidly? A 8 black, outer surtace: black, rough shiny c D cuter surface: While, white, rough shiny ini2/P1/Q171 8 Two identical metal plates are painted, one matt (dull) white and the other matt black. These are placed at equal distances from a radiant heater as shown. The heater is turned on for five minutes. = | radiant matt black heater metal plate matt white metal plate Which metal plate absorbs more energy and which plate emits more energy in this time? ‘absorbs more | emits more Al black black B| black white c| white black D|__ white white 1J13/PLIQUE) Enorgy can bo transferred in many different ways. In which situation is energy transferred by wave motion? A. colliding atgms in a heated ‘copper rod. B_ fast-moving electrons in cathode-ray oscilloscope Scanned with CamScanner h f MCQ Answers 4A itis aft that ‘a dl and black surfaces | ‘aro better absorbers of Inked rations, inthe for of waves (iow process) as well 2s by, the movement of free electons. The free eleo- ‘tons gain energy at the hot end and dri towards the cooler parts of the metal, They ransfer ther cera energy by colison {0 the metal molecules ‘there and return o repeat this process (at proces). TA Tismetaoods most rapidly because its ‘outer duit Black surface is a better emit of inta- red radiations than the ‘other shiny and white suraces. & A. ttisafacttat a dull black surface (good absorber as wel as ‘a goad emiter of radiant heat energy. & D Fed Topic 8 TranstorO1 Heat hot water rising heated enuconan a prays pain aerons ater arte 1K ag pina fo heat mp some 10. A saucepan is weed plastic handle ‘akuminium pan Snot plate How ye heat transferred through the alominium pan and through the plastic handle? ) eat is transferred through the aluminium pan bY A the movement of frre electrons ‘and the vibration of atoms B__ the movement of free electrons ‘and the vibration of atoms the movement of free electrons only | D the movement of free eleetrans onl; ee cos 7 page 9 at about copper i ch atten a batter conductor ryt is expla ms of heat than i ‘ sme vibration i passed ante ‘ hbo copper 1 quickly. . rama move through the copper , id pasa on kinetic energy. ‘there are density changes within the copper: 1 There are free electrons 10 the enpper pniayPriquis heat is transferred through the plastic handle by the movement of free electrons and (he vibration of molecules the vibration of molecules only the movement of free electrons and the vibration of molecules the vibration of molecules only 1131/15) AL A silver cup is filled with boiling water from @ kettle ‘A man vouches the outsid the cup und finds that iti hot, Why iv the surfice so hot? A Convection takes place in the boiling water. B Silver is good conductor of heat. C The balling water gives out atent heat D The shiny surface is a good emitter of infra-red radintio INIS/PI, surface of tremely th 13. The diagram shows a frozen pond with the surface of the ice slowly melting as heat is transferred from he warmer air above it. alr at 5° } — Co By which ferred from A processes is heat trans. n the air ta the ice > Thin Pred ing sy 10. B As ali, Contains fee aie’ 80 heat is trya through it by ‘om Ment Of tes aig and the vibrannn ‘atoms but as city» Mot Contain fee in, ® 60 heat is trancen through iby the vipat of molecules only tn M1. B Since sie, good conduct es 80 heat is quc ferred from the Ft ny to the outer sursce the siver cup 42D Metals tae free mobile which can move thy the metal, collide wn neighbouring energy from he ‘of the metal, to co. parts. Gass, ceng ‘sulator, does not free electrons and fore does not cera heat 2s good as m=i38 BD Air mois in contact with the sue of ice transfer heat ome lee by means of conduc tion. As the air in contact with ice becomes cool ‘and dense, no convection current occurs. Heat's also transferred from the arto the ice via radiation. Scanned with CamScanner i? >, aiid bar iS heated at one end, 4 Ae ermal encrey transferred (0 wth? fend of the bar? a Heated molecules move along the Heated mo Hang ener 10 the ater end: 8 Heated molecules move along the fare vig energy (0 others along the bar: Heated molecules tay com pletely stil, but give energy Jaher molecules, 1p Heated molecules vibrate more api: and pass energy (0 other molecules. (15/PLQU] ag An clctical heater is placed in a ester of cold ail, #8 shown, ‘The heater is switched on. What happens to the liquid at X? 'A. Tk becomes less dense and falls. B. It becomes less dense and rises. It becomes more dense and falls D_ It becomes more dense and rises. [15] P1/Q15) 16. The tubes inside solar heating panels use the Sun’s radiation to ‘warm water. Why are the tubes painted black? ‘A. Black surfaces absorb radiation well. B_ Black surfaces conduct heat well. © Black surfaces emit radiation well. D Black surfaces reflect radiation well py15/P1/QI6) 17. A slice of bread is placed under a red-hot electric gris! to make toast. AAA aril __-sliea of broad ee Mow door heat energy reach the broad? A. conduction and eonyeetion B conduction only ©. convection and radiation D radiation only 116 /PL/QUE! 18, The diagram shows the inside of a refrigerator, cooling unit When the refrigerator is first switehed ‘on, what happens to the air near the cooling unit? the particles ofthis | the density air of this air A] become smaller | decreases B| become smaller | increases | move closer together | decreases D| move closer together | increases 1016)P1/Q16) 19. In which states of matter does convection occur? gases, liquids and solids gases and liquids only gases and solids only Jiquids and solids only [n16/P1!Q24) pomP 20, A metal box has four different sof faces; dull black, shiny black, dull silver and shiny silver: ‘The box is filled with boiling water fo that each surface is at the same temperature. ‘A gonsor measures the amount of radiation from ench surface, Scanned with CamScanner co I shiny dull silver sensor meter Which surface emits the Teast radis ‘its the most tion and which surface em radiation? ‘shiny silver dull black shiny black dull silver dull silver a1. A beater 15 designed to radiate Which change The thermal eneray ©" tion? a darker a higher § a large a shinier coloured surface ature vurface teniPe surface ret surface puu7/PLes! ‘Aner five minutes in a cool , ina cool ro which can contains the boteet water! ater? A B dull black s lid == theonipmasrs vibrations 7 23.A The gull black polished silver puta PL Q25) ihe black outer ‘A cold bottl containing a drink i* si placed © ple 08 arm dy ee tat Props of water for on te outside Of datos én the bottle. é whieh process causes the drops ' for ‘and comvect” 3 ‘a condensation hae B_ conduetio® quickly then te convection ation a D evapo psp QT wvapou ne into surface of Joses ene vapour th con te su and for 92" Scanned with CamScanner all of the heat ge Bat Gee fered by be noe? fost from the cas, eriss2e on ted ratisiens Teas the can A is ote not covered i 1 So it ses eray by evaport plate hen or, The hott ie pan containinit water on cook Foows a metal? handle BE ate new water / 4 of heat transfer through te metal pan. a t through the metal pan- w ecules transfer beat ww to show the direction of movement of the {3] (g09/ P2122] (a) On gaining heat from the hot plate, the molecules of the base of metal pan start vibrating more vigorous. ‘This increase in vibrations is passed pan suit jpolecules of one layer to the molecules of the next layer by Honing until it reaches the water inside the Pan. 1” \ pe [| __— metal pan 2 — hotplate (i) The water i iter in the pan on its rif i ais pan on its right gains heat from the hot fet ess dense and rises up. ‘The cold and denser ater near tse pein ae replace it. This sets up anticlockwi i Soe ee ‘COMMENT cr ANSWER a) ( Thetensierot thermal eneray i 2 solid takes place through conduction. (i) The transfer of heat energy in a metal also takes place by the diffusionof free electrons from the! Scanned with CamScanner Question 2 Fig. 4 shows «metal oof, One sit in cine 80 SO sunlight metal root Fig. 31 (a) State the means by which thermal eneray’ (heat) is transferred fram the Saarto the Earth and explain why other means of dermal enor8y sonst are not involved. (b) Describe how thermal energy #8 transferred through the metal roof from the heated surface. (2) (c) During the night, the metal roof Toses 12x 108d of thermal enerBy and its temperature falls by 20°C The specific heat eapacity of the metal in the roof is 400 S/ (sg 20). Calculate the mass of metal in the roof. (2) fg101P2193) GOMMENT cr ANSWER jolution a) Thermal energy is transferred from the sun to ction is not possi (a) The conducion zt sonvection po both need the earth by the process of ible because of the vacuum radiation. Conduction or conve’ between the sun and the earth. 4) The molecules of the outer surface of the metal roof gain heat energy from ratty the sun and start vibrating vigorously. ‘They then collide with the neighbouring slece 021 fot : ieseeules and conduct this enesgy to them. eso a ' there sno ' ‘ ‘or medum inte space. * d Q=mcsd 1.210% = mx400%20 m= 150 kg : Scanned with CamScanner a question 3 a, jul showes the plan of q Part of tho main room of w house, "nin room 235 outside of ne house 32°C Window Fig. 8.1 he temperatures of the main room, the a bedroom and tho outside of the house pig. 32 shows all the thermal energy (heat) inputs to the bedroom i ym in one hour, thermal energy input to bedroom through door and walls from main room 50000 through walls from outside of house 20000005 through window 1000000 from person sleeping in bedroom 250000 Fig. 32 (a) Suggest why more thermal energy enters the bedroom fr i the house than from the main room. a (p) Aa air conditioner keeps the temperature constant in the bedroom by removing thermal energy. (@) Calculate the total thermal energy that the air conditioner removes from the bedroom in one hour. a (ii) The electrical power input to the air conditioner is 300 W. Calculate the electrical energy input into the air conditioner in 1 hour, 2) () The air conditioner cools the air at the top of the room. This causes a convection current in the room. 8) Explain how the cold air gives rise to the convection current. 1g12/ P2193] Solution (a) This is because the temperature difference. belWegt the outside and the bedroom is greater than the temperature difference between the main and the bedroom. (8) ‘Total heat energy removed = 6000+ 2000000+ 1000000 + 250000 = 3300000 ‘Thermal energy = 3800000 J COMMENT cn ANSWER (a) Temperature difference between outside and ‘room =32-18 =e Tempera diference between main room and badroom =22~ 18 ac {by () Atemative Answer =P Mowatt) wn Scanned with CamScanner Theory 8H pags 4 7 Topic 8 TransforO/eat us (i) Be Pst 300. 60% 60 ! 1080000 cenenngy © LOR 107 ike while the warm air below, being less dens ed by cos, This swarm air is evoled by ¢ Trthis way the rcivlation of i set np in tho 100m, kes plnee and convention currents aro | Question 4 (a) No thermal energy (heat Earth by either conduction or conveetion, | Baplain why thie ise (2) (b) In a certain country, the climate is very sunny and hot during the day and | 7 oxstemely old during the night | Baplain how painting the houses white helps to maintain a comfortable 1) is transferred from the surface of the Sun to the temperature both during the day and during the night (3) | IN12/P2/95} Solution (a) The transfer of thermal energy by conduction and convection is not possible through space between the sun and the earth. Both of these processes need sueerel ‘medium to transfer thermal energy whereas there is a vacuum in the space. (daring the x White surfaces are poor absorbers and good relectars of ed radiations. So, a white painted house absorbs less heat ‘the sun and most of itis reflected back. " oe yan during the night: White surfaces are Poor emitters of radi ; ar mitters of radiant heat. So, at | ight, the les of heat energy from a white house is nd , | temperature inside the house is maintained, aetna anc curiae Question 5 (2) State what happens to the molecules ofa gas as ite temperature incre ses. (b) Fig. 6.1 shows a runner in along dis = i ahr ¥ distance race He tips water over himself Scanned with CamScanner Thinking \ Thoory 8 7 pao 5 | torma of molecut Poro-o— 95-8 | the vnputntion of wnt Keapa the gp atone point in ARC F466, 9 ALONG Dreony um ai ge sare FARR breere blown nat the rannoe ad tho iigest-one reason Why the water oy | oo wan (8 (Thane = _tmereargar | raoity tenon Savion voc dreyafass sete gotecules gain more kinetic ener {ha tao evaporation The ‘energy nnd, hence, move finstor, tho ie Is aoady wa Water molecules absorb heat trom the rmmner's beady. hie i {Wed wih water 08 Se ener ‘Natron whan? hay Mi increases thie vata Ls hui, Me teaving behind the slower Tess energetic mulveutea, TI {wl oot have less neve moleon THs hej ta sonora ess Tereasing the Cemperature of the runners body nnd. keeping hive rook aed thal wepiny, him enol, opout and thao, thorohyincronsfs ‘evaporation wi occur iy Incronsing al an oxtremaly slow rato. 7 «iy Ina breeze, the surrounding air hocomos tess the rate of evaporation, my | question 6 can and a plastic bottle, both containing of melting ie, as shown in Fig. ‘A metal ca them in a jus ‘The con and bottle each contain 330 g of the same liquid at 16°C. (q) The specific heat eapacity of the liquid is 4.2.J/(g °C). Caleulate the thermal energy released when 330 g of the liquid at 16 *C cools to 2°C. 2 (b) When water at 0*C is used in the jug, instead of the melting ice, cooling is slower. Explain why cooling is faster when using melting ice in. the jug, rather than water at 0 °C. [2] (c) The liquid in the metal can cools down fos bottle. Suggest why this happens. the ster than the liquid in the plastic | olution 9 Q= mesa = 880%4.2%13 = 18018 J = 18000 J Scanned with CamScanner thoory 8H pags 6 Th all Topic 8 Transfer Of Heat hn «1 tvieo, in the form of fatont heat et seaaiibriu with the

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