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  • MS Restoration Wooden Beams 1987

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    Dionys Van Gemert
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    Epoxy mortar prosthesis for timber beams

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    Epoxy mortar prosthesis for timber beams

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    5 views6 pages

    MS Restoration Wooden Beams 1987

    Uploaded by

    Dionys Van Gemert
    Epoxy mortar prosthesis for timber beams

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 6
    Materiats an Structure Matti o Constracon, 17,28, 165-170 Structural restoration of wooden beams by means of epoxy resin D. VAN GEMERT and M. VANDEN BOSCH Reyne Laboratory, Kad Une Leen, Big ‘The sructural estoraon of deteriorated beam ends by means of epoxy mora is decased The rene of txt programe are presented: determination of he bond {tvngth a function ofthe degree of hardy of the wood: anchoring srengh of as {flr retaforced polyester Drs and ste bar, sled in wood ori epoxy mora. A Compan rade beeen the resus of hse elementary tex and te bebaiou? of ‘erred fallsize beams ‘The phenomena leading 1 raptare of he cue clement ae esrb, i onder to define the direction of future esearch 1. INTRODUCTION Structural restoration of wooden beams can become necessary because of deterioration of te beam ends a ‘wie the beam is supported Im ke masonry wal Because of entering huis the wood materia ‘becomes & preferred matrix for feng and bests 0. Tn mot ares the mile pat ofthe beam i sil ia excelent condition, ud ea cary the loudse before, However, the end parts re baded By shearing forces, fnd'a ros danger of severe damage (0 the ructre ‘ts. Depending o® the degree of deterioration of the beam end, here on area eroa spsng othe Dear fshd the part ofthe rructure resting pon of he team cum colapie and cause prt collaps of the bling. Tn these nes the beam ends have to be ‘estored at soon a4 posible. Unt now this hasbeen done by replacing the decayed portion witha new piece ‘of wood. The act wooden been ed was conned 1 ‘he sound par ofthe orginal Beam using seared! and {hed lp joint or sed joints with specal geomet. {To oblan a solid connection these joint consrutions 1 Type deteriora ed cesta over icant length, a they area ‘te he tomo of acon par si wont Ars comexscis the mdadrpur mchod Tnvees gest aunt of led hand work emany ‘Sr anatemtorentn canbe peste fo ite, otal or ene cenonte son ach canes ‘enone pars o wand canbe emoned nop) ‘ort at rato emepte them 2. PRINCIPLES OF REPAIR METHOD “he sfc par ofthe wooden team is horoughy {noted in aan to Sterne the enon fhe sancti ben Tho teem and wil owe Sed conphany ty ieee teeing brceore ory mating nots gy he wt From toy cn Coun has be pore tthe Sted byes The decayehpt tw ff Stina No steed weed ot te kpc, Secreta tuner fv and een ‘ome suc of re Stortion Fe 2 Princip of rep med. 6 ‘Van Gemertand Vanden Boch A casing is now isle which reonsittes the niga spe ofthe bet end. If he reconstvcon has to meet sestetirequirements, the csing mst be ‘made of the sams wood othe ougal beam, ani Wl beep apne to cover the epory mortar Hols ore now bored into the Seam and venforcement bare se [need st thos holes. Normally the holes ate bore {fom the tp surface ofthe beam at a stance of some SoO~00 mm fom the sawcut, ghly sloping own ‘weds toward the wall Depending oo lea com Flares the oes are lho bored horizontal or Ince in te other recon, Te reafocement ars fe bed ste! bars or palruded ls Bbre elon Dyer bars The spce between the reinforcement Ear te wa ofthe ole led with an epony coin aout. Ths prot can be poured or injected under Dressore teres ater coupe of hours and sot [ices he retforceeat rd athe ound wood. The ‘sings ow led with an epoy mora. The mecian- ‘al characteristics ofthis epony mortar are excelente ‘ic astoag bond to Wood and wo the reiaforseg bars, Andis ot tected by mitre ‘avon procedure, a8 compared to otber more ta ‘al methods "The design ofthese chemically eter beam ends ‘based mainly ona united bel nthe bond hare teases berween wood and epony. es astmed hat the bord seeaph enced the obeion eng of the ‘wood. In that stuaton the restored beam sould be Songer than te original ne. The relnfocig bas are any eomidered 1s supplementary safety temerts [No specie cleltion procedure i olowed to det Inne the cron sections area he mariber the acon. Iagleagh the poco ofthe buts. To check te stove ‘eumpuioos and to Ghai eaitic experimental dats out the behaviour of chemical restored beams an ‘xpetimestal programme wat stop a the Reyejent {oratory ofthe Cuba Univety of Leven [ ‘Theresa of ths research programme ae presented 3. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMME, “The experimental programme contained three chapters. Fis the bond between wood and epoxy ‘morc wat studied, As the bood was reveled fo be Tones ta the cohesion stength became necessary to tae ito ant the snglening effect of te ‘einfosing bars. Therefore data were needed about the fochoring engi ofthe bars nthe Wood and ia the ‘mortar. Te as ut ofthe expesiment comprised wo ‘oading tess on fuscle cok beams, with one bem ena bat wp of epoxy mort whch Was atached othe ‘wooden Beam by mune of reoring bars All the ‘experiments were done wih the following materi the wooden beams were green ook beams, wich were puta our dupoal by NV. Vandekerchove a Inge Imunsier (Belpum); the epory mortar was Deltapor ‘MA. placed aon caposl by N.V. De Nect Engineer ing st Heist-opden-Berg Belgium), The prodation of {he flea fat beam wa ao dase by he personel Of NV. De Nect Engineering. The autbors wih 10 ‘hank bok fem fo her appt. ‘3 Bond between wood and epoxy mortar ‘The bond stengh between wood and epoxy mortar sas determined by means of four-point Bending te ‘on small beams, Gomposed of one hal of ead, tad ‘one bal of epony mora fg 3). ‘Sateen mal beam wee snd from one big oak team, The disensons ofthese tal beans were 73 702140 ma The flr diction always coincided with ‘he longest dienlon, Te restive humidity of he tes. specimens at measured by weighing before tnd ater Compete djingin tne oven The eat ofthe tet ate Suomared a Table tend Fig 4 Beams 1106 were ig 3 Bending tt sp ‘Tbe t Bod eng bowen an ant epary ore) oy ‘emicy (8) Bending sna Oirmmt 1 Py 2 Ba 3 xo kept at oom temperate Beams 7111 were died in {he oven at AC for our day. Beams 12 1016 were meraed in water for 26 hours, Aer Ihse reper ‘Sim the beams were put casing ad the epory ‘mora part wat added. The bond lcs of specimens {3 war ead with the pre resin glue Before dng the mora, “The esl show thatthe bod sength fr bow the ones strength of he oa, wae as 32 ma * forthe oak ed, and 0 mm * orth epoxy mor, tun atalow dopes of tity. An provement of ‘esstenth Is obained by meting the surface with he ‘rere component. Fart improvements may be ‘hates by enarging the contac race Dy sawing the Sone fae too form. However sil be fa ‘hed st the dicusion of te fullscale tests, these ‘Spertons have a lined tet, Therefore, research ‘habe deted tothe rlforement ba. ‘3.2 Anchoring strength of relafrcement bars “Thee type of enforcement bar were placed in epocy mora los, or were glued ato wooden bless ‘These thee types wore bed sel bars smooth ase ‘re enforced polyester brs and notched GRP bus ‘By means of pullout tense tests the anchoring ‘tag ofthe bar as determined. The pyr bart de ameter of 20m Toe watched polyester bert ‘re produced ty sang mal cuts in the utr surface (Sfthe bare, The ctr ads depth of 03m, a th (of to Sm, and were Fogarty drut or he CScumfrene. ‘The spacing was 30 mm. For the ‘Soshoring epoxy moray, the Bars were pce ins ie 4 Relion detean dood gi sive bs fk concrete casing yner witha diameter of 50 man { beiht of 200 mm. For the anchoring in wooden ‘ck, the bars were pled ine lock wth dimensions 450% is0% 00 mm ‘The bts were placed above ‘oles witha diameter of50 mm. Te pace between the ‘brand the wall ofthe Dorshoi walled with pony ‘sin. The lative homily ofthe osk nood athe tine ‘of fing the bare was 30%. The rupee lad was ‘deseomined a the oad at breaking of the bat oF at Sipping of he ba ut othe borenle The et eis tre presented in Tobe 2. The mean shear steer, Calelted ws the aptte lad vided bythe bonding Surface (2720300 mur), are abo” dete Tie smooth gs. bre reinforced polyester bar The Bond tetwecnepory and the soot potest suitaceisvey tow The resus of the noche polecer bars ae 0 father poor. The best eal re tained for spe ‘bbe! enforcoment bar. Asse bar te much ‘heaper than polyester bars, scel bars should be pre- ferred to poQjester bas. Prolews caused by ier. fences n thermal expansion eoefiet, modulus of tatty and hea condutvitybve growed to be of Tile or no importance in reps works on reinforced thd pretend concrete stuctare.Anaogonl, they Wil be ot He importance inthe repair ef Weeden ame 23.3 Fullacale tests “Twotese were cried ot onan ok beam witha cro seston of 300 300m Inthe Bt tt he sow ce 1 ‘Van Gemert and Vanden Bosch “Title 2 Tet esto achring enh ‘To Ancoring——Burwutedal—Riptueload an agar Typ eps ena 0 oe 1 Gog ‘eat 0 w asic ow of wel 2 Bog Stat Pa 38 rca of et a) Smet pooner 3h GB Siping tor ra Nocedpovenee fe Siping tor 5 Eee Nowtedpobener 3 Siping tar 3 Wed Seat ‘8 ao Sipbeteen ge snd wood Boo Nexted hese a Frater of ar ‘nas tater eoth. The rorya the surface wa just hused by the sawing At one beam ead aa epny ‘mortar end wes made, which was anchored the ‘wooden ‘beam by means of thee ribbed tel bas (Gualty BE 4p), a shown a Fi 5. ‘The retnfrcng ers se place Nosiaontl poston, to ao a cumtuation fproslens te interpretation ofthe veulty The relatne ui) ofthe wood was ‘Gp, Th ben was ondd in four point bending test Seep, a shows in Fig 6 = Att lod Pof 170 EN longa! ences appeared in the beam, seting at the boning face betwcen wood ti epony ona (A. ‘Ata load of aout 190 KN, the crac a the level of the reinforiog fod became widely opened The eam fellaped ats load of 210 KN. The rack patterns Shown nF, "The formations in the neighbourhood ofthe bond lng fice were measured by means of « mechanical defometer, where the meaiutog base was normal ‘he bonding face Gee i. 6). The length of the meas eae 10D ums The defmtons tre sep: settedin a9. “The evolition of this deformation carve shows that no sudden caching hat taken piace I aaumed hat he bond was leased he i poset cae: Tate «tense fore in he riforcemen ar cl 76 KN By means of sain gauges, placed on the sel bare msi force of AN was measure, ich core Sposvery well 1 the aented one However, tha ‘ei compared wit he esl of Table 2, here {gest difereee: 161 KN forthe block gsi 94 in fhe beam. This co be explained by the longa {racking hough which te lneral consulta elect ‘of the ood around the relforement desta Slimiisbed: Referngto the text ese for te bonding Sueagth between ont and mor at function ot te ‘araty of the ok fora humid degre of 10% tis Strength would be ©SN mum'™ The eleulated bend Ing load Pat whch hn srengh reached fe 1D KN, “Ts ad is sl 50 kN beyond the rope load, which rea tat inthis eave the reinforcement ar provide ‘Sopiderabe reserve load aryng capaci, "With the eracked beam a second fxd be was ‘rodice, by puting tn epony sora end atthe other fide ofthe beam, af scentea in Fig. I In onder 9 ‘heck. posible infacne of pater bonding surace, ‘toothed bonding face was ie. The Dea ma oe Ina thie pont bending tes asian soown in Fi. 10 ‘Ata Toad of 130 EN, the bond at the Bot face ataT pT Fe 5 Retrng tee of team ent Fg. 5 Bending teat up Mattias nd Strcaes 18 7 Long rks toad P10 1g rk patent Fg.9 Detomain todig ae, ZA oe it Fe 10 Amagenent and sew setup for son false beam, m0 became ote. Rapture war atsined at load of 1BTN. The crack pate at rapture is shown ie Fig ‘The evolution ofthe longitudinal deformations at the ‘ond ace i represented in Fig. 12. "he loa of 10 2 eamespon o maximum to sie ares of 48N mm which fs very well wi the ‘xpermeotl data of Figs. The tease force the elefovcement baste repiue load of 81 bea be ‘lealted a 78N, which nearly the sme vale at Inthe fists. The evolution of the sas, however,

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