DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY

Introduction to Psychology
Southville International School and Colleges
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology

Workplan for W1 Session 1

✓ Attendance Checking
✓ Announcement / Reminders
✓ Class Discussion

✓ Pop Quiz # 1
✓ Consultation Period
✓ Take Home Task

CCGRAZA 2020
 AT THE END OF THE SEMESTER,
YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

✓ Define psychology as a science, and

understand its four primary goals;

✓ Identify psychology’s levels of analysis

LEARNING OUTCOMES and related perspectives;
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY ✓ Discuss the key issues and controversies in
the field of psychology, and the future its
likely to hold.

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Power posing increases your confidence hormones

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Children with more willpower will become more

successful in later life

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Opposites attract and make better partners

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

People are more creative when they brainstorm in

groups than working alone

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Crowds make people mindless and violent

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Depression is only due to a chemical imbalance

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Venting helps you overcome anger

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Firstborns are natural leaders

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

The average person only uses 10 percent of their

brain capacity

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

We all have a preferred learning style

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Smiling is the secret to happiness

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

You are either left-brained or right-brained

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Our personality stabilizes when you’re an adult

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Oxytocin is the ‘cuddle hormone’

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition

Men and women have completely different

communication styles

NAY!
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 INTO THE THOUGHT BUBBLE
Yay or Nay: Pop Psych Edition
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
THE SCIENCE OF PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology
CCGRAZA
CCGRAZA2020
2020
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology

CCGRAZA 2020

PSYCHOLOGY
scientific study of behaviors and
mental processes
 LO1: Define psychology as a science, and understand its four primary goals
LO2: Identify psychology’s levels of analysis and related perspectives
LO3: Discuss the key issues and controversies in the field of psychology
LO4: Student Consultation
Defining Psychology

PSYCHOLOGY (G. Psyche, Soul or Mind; G. Logos, Reason or Study)

Scientific study of behaviors and mental processes

BEHAVIOR outward or overt actions and reactions

Two people kissing A baby crying Student riding the motorcycle

MENTAL PROCESSES internal or covert activities of our mind

Thinking about The baby’s Student’s memory of a

kissing someone feelings of motorcycle trip last summer
neglect when
mommy leaves DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 WARNING!
Consequently, the phrase behavior and mental
processes in the definition of psychology must be
understood to mean many things:

It encompasses not just what people do but also their

thoughts, emotions, perceptions, reasoning processes,
memories, and even the biological activities that
maintain bodily functioning.

Strong parental guidance is advised.

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology

CCGRAZA 2020

THEORY
general explanation of a set of
observations or facts
 LO1: Define psychology as a science, and understand its four primary goals
LO2: Identify psychology’s levels of analysis and related perspectives
LO3: Discuss the key issues and controversies in the field of psychology
LO4: Student Consultation
Defining Psychology

PSYCHOLOGY (G. Psyche, Soul or Mind; G. Logos, Reason or Study)

Scientific study of behaviors and mental processes

PSYCHOLOGY AS A SCIENCE
✓ Prevent possible biases from leading to faulty observations
✓ Precise and careful measurements
✓ Has four main goals
Description Explanation Prediction Control
What is Why is it Will it happen How can it be
happening? happening? again? changed?
“Theory” DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology

CCGRAZA 2020

TEST YOUR UNDERSTANDING

“What are the branches of Psychology

and their differences?”
 Let’s Call to Mind!

It studies the inheritance of traits related to behavior

A Clinical Psychology
B Developmental Psychology
C Behavioral Psychology
D Health Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!
It deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of
psychological disorders
A Health Psychology
B Clinical Psychology
C Behavioral Genetics
D Abnormal Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!

It focuses on the study of higher mental processes

A Educational Psychology
B Counselling Psychology
C Cognitive Psychology
D Personality Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!
It focuses primarily on educational, social, and career
adjustment problems
A Developmental Psychology
B Educational Psychology
C Social Psychology
D Counselling Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!
It examines how people grow and change from the
moment of conception through death
A Developmental Psychology
B Personality Psychology
C Forensic Psychology
D Social Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!
It is concerned with teaching and learning processes, such
as motivation and school performance
A Educational Psychology
B Developmental Psychology
C Social Psychology
D Sports Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!
It studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning,
and thinking about the world
A Personality Psychology
B Experimental Psychology
C Social Psychology
D Industrial/Organizational Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!
It focuses on legal issues, such as determining the
accuracy of witness memories
A Industrial/Organizational Psychology
B Social Psychology
C Forensic Psychology
D Personality Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!
It explores the relationship between psychological factors
and physical ailments or diseases
A Clinical Psychology
B Counselling Psychology
C Abnormal Psychology
D Health Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!

It is concerned with the psychology of the workplace

A Personality Psychology
B Forensic Psychology
C Industrial/Organizational Psychology
D Social Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!
It focuses on consistency in people’s behavior and the
traits that differentiate one person from another
A Personality Psychology
B Social Psychology
C Developmental Psychology
D Health Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!
It is the study of how people’s thoughts, feelings, and
actions are affected by other people are them
A Developmental Psychology
B Social Psychology
C Personality Psychology
D Abnormal Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Let’s Call to Mind!

It applies psychology to athletic activity and exercise

A Social Psychology
B Forensic Psychology
C Sports Psychology
D Health Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
Major Branches of Psychology
Psychology’s Family Tree:
✓ Behavioral Psychology/Genetics
✓ Clinical Psychology
✓ Cognitive Psychology
✓ Counselling Psychology
✓ Developmental Psychology
✓ Educational Psychology
✓ Experimental Psychology
✓ Forensic Psychology
✓ Health Psychology
✓ Industrial/Organizational Psychology
✓ Personality Psychology
✓ Social Psychology
✓ Sports Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Question 1 of 10
Match each subfield of psychology with the issues or questions posed below.

“At what age do children generally begin

to acquire an emotional attachment
to their fathers?”

BEHAVIORAL GENETICS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Question 2 of 10
Match each subfield of psychology with the issues or questions posed below.

“It is thought that pornographic films that

depict violence against women may prompt
aggressive behavior in some men”

BEHAVIORAL GENETICS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Question 3 of 10
Match each subfield of psychology with the issues or questions posed below.

“What chemicals are released in the human

body as a result of a stressful event?
What are their effects on behavior?”

BEHAVIORAL GENETICS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Question 4 of 10
Match each subfield of psychology with the issues or questions posed below.

“Luis is unique in his manner of responding to

crisis situations, with an even temperament
and a positive outlook”

BEHAVIORAL GENETICS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Question 5 of 10
Match each subfield of psychology with the issues or questions posed below.

“Janetta’s job is demanding and stressful.

She wonders if her lifestyle is making her
more prone to certain illnesses, such as
cancer and heart disease”

BEHAVIORAL GENETICS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Question 6 of 10
Match each subfield of psychology with the issues or questions posed below.

“A psychologist is intrigued by the fact that

some people are much more sensitive to
painful stimuli than others are”

BEHAVIORAL GENETICS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Question 7 of 10
Match each subfield of psychology with the issues or questions posed below.

“A strong fear of crowds leads a young man

to seek treatment for his problem”

BEHAVIORAL GENETICS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Question 8 of 10
Match each subfield of psychology with the issues or questions posed below.

“What mental strategies are involved in

solving complex word problems?”

BEHAVIORAL GENETICS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Question 9 of 10
Match each subfield of psychology with the issues or questions posed below.

“What teaching methods most effectively

motivate elementary school students to
successfully accomplish academic tasks?”

BEHAVIORAL GENETICS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Question 10 of 10
Match each subfield of psychology with the issues or questions posed below.

“Jessica is asked to develop a management

strategy that will encourage safer work
practices in an assembly plant”

BEHAVIORAL GENETICS DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 Quiz Time!

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
 WE ARE HIRING!!!
International firm seeks psychologists for full-time career positions as consultants to
management. Candidates must have the ability to establish a rapport with senior business
executives and help them find innovative and practical solutions to problems concerning
people and organizations

PhD, internship experience, and license required. Comprehensive clinic seeks

psychologist to work with children and adults providing individual and group therapy,
psychological evaluations, crisis intervention, and development of behaviour treatment
plans on multidisciplinary team.

Teach undergraduate courses in introductory psychology and courses in specialty

areas of cognitive psychology, perception, and learning. Strong commitment to quality
teaching, as well as evidence of scholarship and research productivity, necessary.
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
Psychologist Assignments in the Philippines

Source: Psychologist Assignment - PAP, 2017

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology CCGRAZA 2020
Positions Obtained by Psychology Majors

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY Source: Tara L. Kuther,

Introduction to Psychology The Psychology Major’s Handbook, 2013 CCGRAZA 2020
THREE LEVELS OF ANALYSIS
Introduction to Psychology
CCGRAZA
CCGRAZA2020
2020
 LO1: Define psychology as a science, and understand its four primary goals
LO2: Identify psychology’s levels of analysis and related perspectives
LO3: Discuss the key issues and controversies in the field of psychology
LO4: Student Consultation
Levels of Analysis

✓ This tiered systems suggest different levels of analysis

Cold environments
Hibernation helped hinder food gathering
Why grizzly our ancestors survive during winter
bears hibernate?

Their inner physiology

drives them to do so
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology

“Such perspectives are

complementary because
everything is related to
everything else

BREWER, 1996
”
CCGRAZA 2020
 LO1: Define psychology as a science, and understand its four primary goals
LO2: Identify psychology’s levels of analysis and related perspectives
LO3: Discuss the key issues and controversies in the field of psychology
LO4: Student Consultation
Biopsychosocial Approach

BIOLOGICAL • Natural Selection of Adaptive Traits

• Genetic Predispositions
Physical Health • Brain mechanisms
• Hormonal Influences
Neurochemistry Comorbidity
Genetic Metabolic
• Learned fears and other Vulnerability
Immune Disorders
learned expectations Response
• Emotional responses Response to • Presence of others
Diet/Lifestyle •
• Cognitive processing Rewards Culture, societal, and
• Perceptual interpretations Emotions Drug family expectations
Peer • Group influences
Self-Esteem IQ MENTAL Effects Group
• Media
Social Skills HEALTH School
PSYCHOLOGICAL Attitudes/Beliefs Family
Work SOCIO-CULTURAL
Relationships
Circumstances
Temperament Trauma
Culture
Coping Skills Grief
Socio-economic
Perceptions Status DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
KEY ISSUES AND CONTROVERSIES
Introduction to Psychology
CCGRAZA
CCGRAZA2020
2020
 LO1: Define psychology as a science, and understand its four primary goals
LO2: Identify psychology’s levels of analysis and related perspectives
LO3: Discuss the key issues and controversies in the field of psychology
LO4: Student Consultation
Modern Perspectives

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 LO1: Define psychology as a science, and understand its four primary goals
LO2: Identify psychology’s levels of analysis and related perspectives
LO3: Discuss the key issues and controversies in the field of psychology
LO4: Student Consultation
Issues and Controversies

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 ASSESS YOUR LEARNING
TRY TO ASK YOURSELF AND OTHER PEOPLE ABOUT…

WHAT ARE SOME UNETHICAL EXPERIMENTS AND

PRACTICES IN PSYCHOLOGY?

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 GROUP TASK WEEK 1 SESSION 2
Introduction to Psychology

HUMANISTIC GESTALT
BEHAVIORISM PSYCHOLOGY PSYCHOLOGY

Schools of Thought

STRUCTURALISM FUNCTIONALISM PSYCHOANALYSIS

DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
CCGRAZA 2020
Introduction to Psychology
 TAKE HOME TASK
WEEK 01 SESSION 2 CCGRAZA 2020

SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT
History of Psychology
Classical Perspectives in Psychology
Modern Perspectives in Psychology
 DEFINING PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction to Psychology
Southville International School and Colleges