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1. ¿Qué son los poliacetales?
2. Historia
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3. Propiedades
4. Polyacetals Production
– Production Process
– Global Consumption
– Regional Consumption
8. Global Trade of Polyacetals
– Trade Balance
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Its unique and suiting properties make it an ideal choice for a countless number of end segment markets such as
electronics, automotive and variety of mechanical parts.
History
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It was discovered by a German Chemist Hermann Staudinger. Initially, these polymers were not commercialized due
to problems of thermal stability.
Later in 1952, a research chemist at DuPont synthesized these resins, and in finally 1960 DuPont constructed a plant
to produce these acetals commercially named Derlin.
Properties of Polyacetals
POM plastics offer following properties suiting several kinds of applications:
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Polyacetals
Production
Production Process
Different kind of manufacturing processes are involved in producing different versions on PM (PMH &POM-C)
Homopolymer
To produce PMO-H anhydrous formaldehyde is generated by the reaction of aqueous formaldehyde with the usage of
alcohol to create hemiformal dehydration of mixture and release formaldehyde.
Further, they are polymerized by anionic catalysis and producing a stabilized form of the polymer by reaction of acetic
anhydride.
Co-polymer
POM-C is produced by converting formaldehyde into trioxane through acid catalysis, further followed by purification
of trioxane by distillation or extraction to remove water.
Diferentes empresas químicas produjeron estas resinas POM con fórmulas ligeramente diferentes y se vendieron con
varias marcas como Delrin, Celcon, Ramtal, Duracon, Kepital y Hostaform.
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Las resinas POM se suministran en forma granulada y se pueden moldear en cualquier tipo de forma deseada
aplicando calor y presión. El moldeo por inyección y el moldeo rotacional son los métodos de formación más utilizados
para este tipo de polímeros.
Incluso el moldeo rotacional y el moldeo por soplado son posibles en algunos casos.
Se ha retirado el anuncio.
Detalles
Los POM moldeados por inyección se pueden utilizar para ruedas dentadas, fijaciones de esquí, yoyos, sujetadores y
sistemas de bloqueo. Se utilizan principalmente en la industria automotriz y electrónica de consumo.
La capacidad de producción total de poliacetales fue de 18,5 millones de toneladas / año en 2016. La producción de
estas resinas está aumentando debido a la creciente demanda de diversos sectores como la electrónica, la automoción
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Los principales fabricantes de estas resinas en 2016 fueron Polyplastics con el 16,3% de la cuota de mercado, seguido
de Celanese con el 13,3% de la cuota de mercado total.
Otros productores importantes de resina POM fueron DuPont con una participación de mercado del 10%, Korea
Engineering Plastics con un 7,9% y muchos otros.
Others
Others
Thailand
Thailand
Malaysia
Malaysia
China
China
Japan
Japan
US
US
Europe
Europe
Korea
Korea
Fig. 2 | PlasticsInsight.com | Source: Industry
La producción regional de resinas POM también está aumentando debido a la creciente demanda de varios mercados
de segmentos finales. Asia domina el mercado mundial en la producción de estos polímeros y, entre todas las regiones
asiáticas, China es el mayor productor.
Asia impulsa el mercado de producción debido a la creciente demanda de los segmentos automotriz y eléctrico.
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China posee el 30,5% de la cuota de mercado total en la producción mundial seguida de Europa con el 17,3% de la
cuota de mercado.
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Otras regiones incluyen Corea (12,6%), EE. UU. (11,7%), Japón (9,9%), Malasia (7,5%), Tailandia (6,2) y otras con un
valor de 4,4%.
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Month
© Mapbox © OSM
January
February
h
Grados disponibles
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Dos formas comúnmente disponibles de polímeros de acetal POM son los homopolímeros de acetal (POM-H) y los
copolímeros de acetal (POM-C).
La diferencia entre estas formas del polímero depende de sus propiedades. POM-H es altamente cristalino junto con
una densidad, dureza y resistencia ligeramente más altas.
Sin embargo, POM-C tiene una mayor resistencia química junto con un bajo punto de fusión en comparación con
POM-H.
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Commercial grades of POM are available under the different trade names including Delrin, Duracon, Celcon
(copolymer) and Ultraform (copolymer).
Rubber-toughened grades of polyacetal resins are also available for more demanding applications, where there is a
requirement of higher impact and flexural strength.
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Polyacetal
Market Analysis
Global Consumption
Global Consumption of Polyoxymethylene is increasing over the years owing to its increased demand from electrical,
automotive and consumer appliances.
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Other consumption areas of these resins include industrial applications, plumbing, sheets/rods/tubes, and medical
products (such as pacemakers, artificial heart valves, etc.)
Global consumption for these POM resins has increased from 1.03 million tons in 2012 to 1.2 million tons in the year
2016.
Consumption By Region
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others
others
US
US
China
China
Europe
Europe
Fig. 4 | PlasticsInsight.com | Source: Industry
Along with the global consumption, the regional demand for these plastic resin materials is also increasing over the
years.
Major consumption is from Asian Regions due to increased demand for consumer articles/appliances, electrical and
automotives. Among all the Asian regions China dominated the market demand and was the largest consumer in 2016.
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China consumed 47 % of the global share owing to its high consumption from two major sectors electrical and
automotive. China is followed by Europe sharing 26% of the total market share in consumption.
The United States is another prominent region in consumption of polyacetals sharing 11.5% of the total market in
consumption from different segments.
Global Trade balance of POM polymer in primary form is negative from 2012 to 2016. The exports for these polymers
are less than their imports in 2016 thus the trade balance is negative.
The export in 2016 is US$ 1.92bn, and import is worth of US$ 2.1bn.
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Demand for these plastic polymers is increasing due to shifting in consumer preference towards low emission and
lightweight vehicles globally.
In recent years market has witnessed increased export and import of these resins for manufacturing consumer and
Industrial products.
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Germany was the largest exporter of these polymers in 2016 with the value worth US$ 365.5 million followed by The
United States with the value worth $317.9 million.
The other top exporting countries include South Korea ($218.1 mn), Belgium ($201. 7mn), Hong Kong ($149.8 mn),
Malaysia ($145.3 mn), Japan ($144.1 mn), Taiwan ($102.7 mn) and China ($65.8 mn).
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To meet the increasing demand of these resins in varied sectors, different countries are importing them on a large
scale. In the year 2016, China was the largest importer of POM with the importing worth of $569.7 million.
Belgium followed China and Hong Kong importing worth US$153.7 million and US$148.4 million annually in 2016.
Other global major importers include Germany ($120.1 mn), Mexico ($105.2 mn), Italy ($73.8 mn), The United States
($71.7mn), France ($69.8mn) and India with ($53.8mn).
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Applications
& Usage
Acetals are high volume produced engineering plastic worldwide. The global production of these polymers is
continuously increasing usage in different segments.
They are used in mechanical gears, sliding, guiding elements, housing parts, springs, chains, screws, nuts, pump parts and valve
bodies, etc.
In medical segment, these resins are used in the production of insulin pen, meter dose inhalers (MDI).
Some grades of POM plastics have been approved by Food &Drug Administration to be used for milk pumps, coffee spigots, filter
housing & food conveyors.
They are used in furniture segment for hardware, locks, handles & hinges.
In packaging sector – aerosol cans & vehicle tanks.
Electrical & Electronics – insulators, bobbins, connectors and some parts of electronic devices such as television, telephones, etc.
Automotive – used in fuel sender unit, switches (including light shifter & turn signal), power windows, door locking system & even
in articulated shells.
Sports – paintball accessories, machining parts of games, handles, airsoft guns (to balance noise level).
They are used in all kinds of Zippers used in the clothing sector.
Musical Instruments – used in a variety of musical instruments including Irish flutes, bagpipes, practice chanters, mouthpieces of
instruments & tips of some drumsticks.
Tobacco products – Delrin grade of POM polymer is used in the manufacturing of lighters.
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Advantages
& Disadvantages
These resins are used for a number of applications owing to its supporting properties and ease of usage. They have a
number of advantages over there alternatives which include:
They are highly crystalline which leads to excellent strength, stiffness, surface hardness & also enhances barrier properties.
It offers the benefit of being non-sensitive towards polar solvents, thus absorb less water.
Good slip & wear resistance
Though these plastic polymer posses number of benefits for their usage but, they also have certain limitations such as:
They have low ceiling temperatures due to which they usually become unstable at ambient & elevated temperatures and get easily
de-polymerize.
Estos polímeros plásticos tienen poca estabilidad a los rayos UV, por lo tanto, la exposición prolongada a los rayos UV causa
degradación, lo que lleva a cambios de color y pérdida de resistencia.
MENSAJES RECIENTES
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TABLERO DE PINTEREST
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