in our last video

i left you with an important question

what happens when we supply heat to a

solid

the solid melts and gets converted into

liquid

but what we saw is that the temperature

of the substance doesn't rise

where does the heat go then the truth is

that the particles of matter

absorb the heat and store it inside them

this heat is in the form of kinetic

energy

as this heat is hidden and it doesn't

show its presence on the thermometer

we term it as latent heat what does this

heat do

well as we saw this heat helps the

particles to overcome the forces of

attraction

that bind them to each other the

temperature at which the solid changes

to liquid

at atmospheric pressure is called the

melting point

it's easy temperature at which solid

changes to liquid at

atmospheric pressure but let's

understand it in simple terms

the melting point indicates the strength

of the force of attraction between its

particles

if the particles are very strongly

attached the melting point will be

higher

as more heat would be required if the

particles are not so strongly attached

then the melting point will be

relatively lower

do you know what the melting point of

ice is it is 273.16 kelvin

this process of solid changing to liquid

is called fusion

what is kelvin by the way it's the si

unit of temperature

and 0 degrees celsius is 273.16 kelvin

we'll come to this point again now what

happens when we continue to supply heat

after the solid has melted

the liquid will start boiling after a

certain amount of heat is absorbed

and the point at which this liquid

starts boiling at atmospheric pressure

is called its boiling point understand

this well

it's the point at which liquid starts

boiling at atmospheric pressure

what do you think is the boiling point

of water it is 373 kelvin

can you convert this to celsius it's

easy

as 0 degree celsius is 273 kelvin

approximately

we subtract 273 from this to get the

answer

as 100 degrees celsius that's the

boiling point of water

let's continue this process what happens

on further application of heat

you're right this boiling water will

start evaporating

water which is liquid will change to the

gaseous state

this is called as vaporization but do

you know something interesting

there are some substances which change

directly from solid to the gaseous state

yes solid to gas directly

this process is called sublimation

for example the naphthalene balls used

in our houses

disappear within a few days we do not

see them get converted into the liquid

state

these naphthalene balls move directly

from the solid state to the gaseous

state

therefore we say that naphthalene balls

sublimate
coming once again back to the idea of

latent heat

it's hidden and won't show its presence

on the thermometer

we look at a few more terms related to

this in the next video