English File Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden Kate ChomackiEnglish File Christina Latham-Koenig Clive OxendenGRAMMAR VOCABULARY. PRONUNCIATION ie] ae Eee ‘6 A Questions and anewors question formation working out meaning intonation: showing from context interest 10 B itsamystery auniiry verbs, the... the..+ compound adjectives, intonation and ‘comporstives modiiers sentence thythm 18 Colloquia! English + talking about..getting a job 16 A Doctor, doctor! present perfect simple and ilnertee and injuries, ls, AP, and kt 20 B Actyour age using adjectives az nouns, clothes andfashion vowel sounds ‘adjective order ‘24 | Revise and Check 182) 26 A Fasten your seat belts narrative tenses, past perfect airtravol irogular past forme, continuous, s0/ such..that sentence thyzhm 30 B Areally good ending? the position of adverbs and sdverbs and adverbial word stress and adverbial phrases Phrases intonation 24 Colloquial English 283) talking about. books 36. A Stormy weather future perfect ond future the environment, vowel sounds ‘continuous weather 40 B Arisky business 20r0 and fst condltionals future expressions with take linked phrases time clauses 44 Revise ond Check 384 46 At'masurvivor ‘unreal condtionals feelings ‘word stressinthree- or four-syllable adjectives 50. B Wish you were h wishfor present / future, wih for expressing feelings sentence chythm and past regrets with verbs or ed ing intonation adjectives 54 (Colloquia English 485) ‘lkng about..wasteGRAMMAR VOCABULARY. PRONUNCIATION 56 A Night night used to, be used to, sleep Wand 2) getusedto 60 B Music to my ears gorunds and ifiniives music words from other languages 164 Revise and Check 586 Sn eae SS TS 65 A Lets not argue astmodsls:musthove, ete, verbsoften confused weak form of hove ‘would rather 70 Bitsallanact verbs ofthe senses the body silent consonants 74 Golloquial English 687 ‘aking about. performances 76 A Cutting crime the passive all forms) ‘rime and punishment theletter u hhave something done; tis said that. he is thought to. et. 80 B Fakenews reporting verbs the media word stress 4 Review and Check 788 85 A Good business? clauses of contrast and purpose advertising, business changing stress on nouns and verbs 90 B Super cities uncountable and plural nouns word building: prefixes word stress with prefixes and suffixes and suffixes 94 Colloquial English 889) ‘aking about. advertising 9% A Science fact, science-fiction quantifiers: all, every, both, etc. science stress in word families 100 B Free speech articles collocation: word pais pausing and sentence 104 Revise ond Check 9810 105 Communication 132 Grammar Bank 164 Appendix M15. Writing 152 Vocabulary Bank 165 Irregular verbs 122 Listening 166 Sound BankCourse overview =e English File” Welcome to English File fourth edition. This is how to use the Student's Book, Online Practice, and the Workbook in and out of class. Birra Al the language and skills you need to improve your English, with Grammar, ‘Vocabulary, Pronunciation, and skills work in every Fie. Also avalable as an eBook. Use your Student's Book in class with your teacher. woot yo ee Grammar, Vocabulary, and Pronunciation practice for every lesson. Use your Workbook for homework or {for self-study to practise language and to check your progress.Cry Feed porerieernty cee) Peretti Practice SE ae) every lesson, Bre ence eet eis eons ee ic peered Pere si eee eres ttt etic Look again at Student’s Book language you want to review or that you missed in cass, do extra Practice activities, and Check your progress on what you've learnt sofa Use the Online Practice to learn outside the classroom and get instant feedback on your progress. Course overview Coe niece)e204 Questions and answers See u 1 READING & SPEAKING ‘a Look at the photos of Florence Welch and Dan Stevens and read their biographical info. Have you heard any of her music, or seen any of his TV series or films? What did. you think of them? Every week the British newspaper The Guardian chooses people who have been in the news recently, and publishes a short interview with them called Q&A b Now read the interviews and complete the questions, ¢ Read the interviews again and focus fon their answers. Write F (Florence) or D (Dan). Which question(s) helped you answer F or D? Who de you think..2 1 doesnt eat any animal pr 2 © doesn't have a partner at the 3-1 iscurtenty living inthe USA 4 profes to keep some things 5 Bl ute romans orence Welch she lad singer of iM assy forntyoriorieal the band Florence and the Machine 7 Mb spark a ccdhiiveronkie ‘She was born in London in 1986, and in SEE cer dhe 2010, her frst album, Lungs, won best aloum irks meee ate ‘award atthe BRITs. She has headlined a the onc peeps Glastonbury Festival and the band’s fourth 1d Which of the questions in the album, High as Hope, reached number two in interviews do you think are..? the US and UK charts. 1 "s your most treasured possession? the thea seafeeto ‘My notebooks with all my lyrics. + the leastinteresting + to0 personal to ask 2 person if you 2 What ‘you want to be when you were growing up? n't know them wel A zoologist or a secretary. 3 What you like about yourself? @ Choose six questions from Q&A to I fan be very aalleeacra ask your partner. 4 What your most embarrassing moment? Jewas about five years ago, and I'm sil ot ready to talk about it. Politely refusing to answer a question Tear ania aie a ifyou ae asked a question you think 5 What or __is the greatest love of your life? isinappreprite or simply dent want Tehink that hasnt happened yet. to answer you can say, 3 prefer not Gan : to anawor that ord rather not ancwor . i eens ‘Tobe able to fall asleep exactly when I need to, for exacty the right that iyou don't mind Tobe abe of 7 ‘would you most tke tobe right naw? Tram alvayeevay, eo} would be quite nice t beat home in London. 2 Cloner ej abethemin [8 ————— You aver said love you! and not meant it? : ee ies No Taivays felt itt that moment, : Gere bashemalpep ‘word or phrase do you most overuse? : music awards “What's the wisi password?”1982. He played Matthew Crawley in the TV series Downton Abbey, until his character died suddenly ina special Christmas episode, Fe has since starred in many successful TV series and films, including Beauty andthe Beat, The Man Who Invent an Stevens, the actor, ‘was born in Surrey in Christmas, and Legon, 1 2 were you happiest? My wedding day, eight years ago. What you owe your parents? AAlot~and probabiy quite a lot of money. "s your wallpaper? {A photo of my kids, Willow, Aubrey, and Eden, who are eight, five, and one, keeps you awake at night? My three kids ‘would you most like to say sorry to? ‘To Downton Abbey fans, for ruining their Christmas. cone year ‘What single thing quality of your life? One of those robot vacuum cleaners, improve the do you relax? {go for walks in Grifth Park, in LA. What love feel like? Asif somebody’s painted the world a diferent colour, you have a ‘guilty pleasure’? Yes, vegan cheesecake, 2 GRAMMAR auestion formation 2 @1.2 Listen to some journalists interviewing @ famous actress who has just arrived in London. Write down the four questions they ask. b Answer the questions below with a partner. hich question isan example of. ‘© question which encs + a subject ques ‘© a question which u h a preposition where there i na au y verb 123 negative auxiliary verb © p.132 Grammar Bank 1A d- @Communication indirect questions A p:106 B p.110 Ask and answer indirect questions. 3 PRONUNCIATION intonation: showing interest ‘a @1.5 Listen to some people asking questions 1-5. Who sounds more interested each time, a or b? 1 Da you have a big family? 2 What don't you lke abo. 3 wi 44 Do you think you have a healthy det? 5 What makes you feel happy? the place whore you ive? at sports or games ae you good at? b @1.6 Listen and repeat the questions with interested intonation. D Reacting to what someone says When you ask someone 9 question and they answer, it & normal to show interest or sympathy. You ean use! + expressions such as Oh, aly? sony. What ashame! ‘+ exclamations such as Wow! Me too! How intresting! + folloveup questions such as Why (ot)? Why is that? Why da you say that? € @17 Now listen to five conversations using the questions in a. Complete the expressions or ‘questions that the people use to react to the answers. | That’ a huge family Whats wrong with them? | We could have a game one day 1 How long have you been a vegan? ° leant think of anything worse! d @1L.8 Listen and repeat the responses. Copy the intonation. @ Ask and answer the questions in a with a partner. Use interested intonation, and react to your partner's answers.4 READING & VOCABULARY working out meaning from context Look at the cartoon. How do you think the candidate is feeling? How would you react iit happened to you? b Read the title ofthe article and the first paragraph. Then look at interview questions A-G. With a partner, say how you would answer them. ‘Which question would you least like to be asked? A. What do you usually do after a bad day at work? 1B What's your biggest weakness? C How would your enemy describe you? D Youhave 50 red and 50 blue balls. How could you divide these between two containers to give the ‘maximum probability of picking one of the colours? E What's the most selfish thing you've ever done? F Are you a nice person? G What on your CV is the closest thing to a 2 Would YOU get the job? Interviews are a source of anxiety for most job-seekers. Job website Glassdoor has created a list of some of the toughest interview questions from the elite companies where they were asked, and offers an expert opinion on the best possible answers, HD (the Phoenix Partnership) How to answer: Ifyou answer noting then you may lock too defensive, asf you are hiding Something, even if you ae innocent. The best tactic would be to reply that everyone presets the best ide of themselves on a CV ~ that isthe point of ‘the document ~ but that you think ying, and even ‘exaggeration, s wrong BA (conde Nast How to answer: You could just tell the interviewer that you are not the sort of person to make enemies, but that sometimes you've enjoyed a good-natured ‘ivalry with someone, for example, in a sport This will show your competitive side and your drive to succeed. (Page Group) How to answer: Ths is an occasion when you could ‘ive a light-hearted response, Something lke, '| don't consider myself to be selfish, but | always make sure | have some time in the week for myself, so lean practise art / tennis / football / singing” (Palantir Technologies) How to answer: Everyone should be prepared to answer this question, whatever job you're interviewing for. Theres no foolproof answer - its good idea to have thought about alist of areas that are not your biggest strengths, but that wouldn't fect the role that You are interviewing for. SS ‘Applying for ajo at KEA __ (Clearwater Analytics) How to answer: you area serious maths geek, then you might have a decent chance of answering this one. One answer would be to put a single red ball in one container and all ofthe other balls in the other container. Gi ___ (switch consulting) How to answer: Dor't be afraid to talk about what you do to relax, and show how you have a healthy work-life balance. I's also a chance to say something about your personal life, which could be very helpful for making a good impression. For example, you could mention how you go to the gym to relax. HA __ @adoo) How to answer: Don't jst answer yes! ono! Think about your personality iype and the culture ofthe ‘company where you ae interviewing. What I your gut feeling about the type of people that do well tthe company? This should help you to give an appropriate rom Mail OnineRead the article once and complete it with questions A-G. Would you now feel more confident about ‘answering the questions? D Guessing the meaning of new words and phrases When you are reading, you will often find @ word or phrase you don't know. fit isn't possible to check the meaning ina dietionary, think about: + the context (ie. the other words around i. + what part of speech the individual words are (2g. a verb, an adjective, te, + whether’ similar to another English word you know, + whether’ similar toa word in your language. Ifyou stil can't work out what the ‘word or phrase means, ignore itand cerry on reading, Read the article again. With a partner, try to work out what the highlighted words and phrases mean, and how you think they are pronounced. What helped you to ‘work them out? @ Now match the highlighted words and phrases to 1-8. 1 (coun) a reaction based on fealings and emotions rather than thought and reason 2 (aaj) designed so ‘that it cannot fal 3 (phrase) an answer ‘which ie intended to be amusing rather than serious 4 (eoun, informal a person who is vary interested in and ‘who knows alot about a particular subject 5 (phrase) the number ‘of hours per week you spend working ‘compared withthe number of houre you spend with your family, relaxing, te 6 (phrase) the main reason for something 7 (phrase) friendly ‘competion B____{roun} people who {are looking forajob £ Look at some more genuine interview questions. What do you think they would tell you about the candidate? Why? Do you think these kinds of questions realy help interviewers to choose the best person for the job? ‘+ What ould you do ifyou were the one survvorin plane crash? (Aint) “= Who do you think would win n a fight between Spider-Man and Batman? (Stanford University), + What did you have for breakfast? Banana Republic ‘+ Describe the colour yellow to somebody who's blind. (Sprit Arines) + How many people flew out of Chicago lst year? (Redbox software) ‘+ What am I thinking right now? (TES Globa) Who is your hero, and why? (General Electrics) Tell me something about your childhood. (Nex) 9 Choose two questions in fto ask a partner. 5 LISTENING 14 Have you ever had an interview for a job or a place on a course? What kinds of questions did they ask you? Did you get the job or place? b 19 Liston to four poople talking about a strange questi they were asked in an interview. Complete questions 1-4. How did | What happened they answer?_in the end? ‘What strange question were hey atked” 1 Ifyou could with from the past, who would you choose and why? 2 Doyou a 7 ‘Ace you planning to Do you stil 2 4 would you like to be reincarnated as? ¢ Listen again and make notes in the rest of the chart. 1d Which of the questions do you think were acceptable to ask at ‘an interview? 6 SPEAKING 4 @ Communication Tough questions A p.106 B p.110 Ask your partner some difficult interview questions. b_ Invent a tough interview question of your own, which you think ‘might tell you something interesting about another person. ‘¢ Ask your question to as many other students as possible and ‘answer theirs. 1d Which questions did you think were the most interesting? Why?When youhavealiinated the impossible, whateve remains, however improbable, must be the tut READING & LISTENING d_ Find words in the article which mean.. ‘@ Look at the names below. Do you know what they have in Tee pan scenes common? Do you know anything about them? fiat to understond or explain the MARY CELESTE the USS CYCLOPS — Amelia Earhart {si mystery) : ae 2 (ert to confuse sb b Listen and find out. Do you think we will ever know completely what happened? Paragraph 2 « Read andlistonto The mystery ofthe lighthouse keepers. > p=. 0d faraway from paces ‘Then cover the text and answer the questions with a partner, - ce ae aragraph 3 facts : es =o inspec slits 1 What was the mystery and who are eee orstrenge . 7 discovered it? B Wier hepdaeni 5 {roun) a mark, object, or sign people come up with? “ 2 What was strange about. that shows that sb or sth existed or was eee heres present (He disappeared without a~) 3 he lithouss dot do you thik could be © achair Paragraph 4 true? Why? + the rain jackets ‘ (verb) to find the correct He ale 5 Which do you think ‘ 5 te doc Ne ar answer or explanation for sth the log book asc ny in the lag Book as 9. three hepa Dat, Marshall at ‘an invasion of Britain, using submarines. Some thought they might have ber carried | soy by asc erp or ‘aint sean or even se vas PY aboatfllof ghosts. eb bone of cats —_An Elinturh plceman, Robert Muithead was sent tothe idand to sche the mystery. ‘vas hanging en its hook, but the other to had disappeared1.12 Listen to the rest of the story. What was Muirhead's ‘theory? What did people think of it at the time? What is the modern explanation? Glossary {Queen Elizabeth (known a the O52) 3 famous wanestani craze ship White Cif of Dover very tlc on he English coatine opposte Listen again. Why are the following mentioned? 1 a huge rock 2 Queon Elzabeth i 3 paper ina scientficjournal 4 Wor 5. one man’s rain jacket and the bodies ofthe men GRAMMAR auxiliary verbs Talk in small groups. Have you (or has anybody you know)..? = seen or heard something which can't be explained, e.g. a ghost ora UFO + had a strange coincidence, eg. meeting someone in an unexpected place * visite # fortune-teller, pyehie, oF faith healer D Reacting to a story about something strange When somebody talks about something strange or difficult 10 explain, we often react with these phrases. How/ That's strange / bizare / ad / weird /spooly. What 2 | weird story / amazing coincidence. Look at the conversations and try to complete the gaps with ‘an auniliary verb (do, did, is, was, etc.) 4A theard a weird noise in the mide of the night. B 1 you? What kind of noise? 2 A You don't believe in ghosts, 2 == your B No,! don't. 3A I'venever boon toa fortune-teller B Neither? © 14 ewas really interesting 4 A {don’t believe you really sw a UFO. B 15 sseeconel I couldn't have been anything else 1.12 Listen and check. Then in pairs, decide which highlighted phrase (1-5) is used... ‘A © toadd emphasis B tosay that you are different © to check information D to show suprise E © tosay thatyouare the same °e 133 Grammar Bank 18 3 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING intonation and sentence rhythm 1.15 Listen to the conversations. u he highlighted auxiliary verbs (did, don't, do) that are stressed. AA | dreamt that | saw a ghost lastnight BB. Did you? So did |. How spooky! 2 A don't believe in fortune-teling B Dosit you? i do 3A You dor't like horror films, da you? B Ido like ther, i's just that sometimes they're too scary! Practise the conversations with a partner. Copy the rhythm and intonation. ‘Complete sentences 1-8 so that they are true for you. 1 Inet very good at (activity) 2 Im going (wer phrase) 3 llove (a kind of music) 4 Ione ike (akind of food) 5 lve never read (@ famous book) 6 Fe love to vein {a toun of countey) 7 Iwas very (adi. of personality 8 Iidn't ‘evening, verb phrase) Work in pairs, A and B. A read your sentences to B. B respond with a reply ‘question and then say whether you are the same or different. Then swap roles. tonight. as, child. yesterday {imnet very good zt cooking.) ‘Aren't you? Nether am 1m going to watch the football tonight. ) (fre you? tm tm going to study © Communication You're psychic, aren't you? A p.106 Bp.ti1 Make ‘guesses about your partner.4 USTENING & SPEAKING 2 Look at the photo of a forest. How do. you think you would feel if you were ‘walking init? b @1.16 Now look at the photo and listen. Follow the instructions. Write your answers below. ‘A.wallin the forest '@ we ° a) ry o Listen again and check what you have written, Make sure you have answered all parts of the questions. 4 @1.17 Now listen to an explanation of what you have written, Make notes in the chart. ‘A walkin the forest 1 the person = 2 the animal how you interact with i = 3 the house = no fence =| a fence 4 the table = 5 the cup = 6 the wate how wet you get Now use the notes to interpret what you wrote in b. Then compare with a partner and say what you agree with and what you disagree with. Do you beliove in this kind of personality test? Do you believe that you can learn anything about someone's personality by...? sng their handwriting (graphology) + looking at their hands (palmisty) + analysing the position ofthe sun, moon, and planets at the exact time of their birth (astrology) * online personality quizzes, e.g, Buzzfeed9 Grammar in context the... the... + comparatives ‘Te bigger the animal, the more problems you have. ‘The harder and more resistant she cup the stronger your relationship is Use the + comparative adjective or ‘adverb, oF the more/ less (+ noun) to show that one thing depends on ‘another, 69. + The earor we str, the sooner well fish. = ifwe start early well fish cary * The more money you spend now, the less you'l have fer your holiday. = If you spend alot of money now, you! have less for your holiday. Rewrite the sentences using the... the... + comparative, 1 Ifyou study a lo, you learn a lot. The the — 2 If drink alt of coffe, | sleep badly The the — 3 Ifyou have a lot oftime, you do things slowly The the 4 fyou are fi, you fel good, The the = 1.18 Now listen and check. Notice the stress and intonation pattern in the sentences. fh Complete the sentences in your own words. Then read your sentences to a partner. 1 The more money have 2 The earlier get up, 3-The faster Englsh people speak, 4 The less eat, 5 The harder! work, & The more l exercise, VOCABULARY compound adjectives Look at some extracts from the listening in 4. Can you remember what the gapped words were? 1 if there was no fence around the house, it means you are very open ‘and welcome new ideas, 2 ifyeuharaly got wet at all it means that you depend less on your fiends and ara more se @1.19 Listen and check. Do the compound adjectives in a have a positive or negative meaning? ‘P Compound adjectives Compound adjectives have two parts. The second part often tends in -ed or «ing, @.g. good. natured, hard-working. The words are normally linked by hyphens. 1.20 Listen to some more compound adjectives. Which ‘word has the main stress? ‘absent minded bad-tempered big-headed easy-going good:tempered laid-back narrow-minded open-minded self-centred strong-willed tightfisted two-faced well-balanced walt-behaved With a partner, use the two parts of the words to try to ‘work ott their meaning. Which do you think are positive and negative characteristics? Are there any which you think can be either? (thin a bad tempered porson i somebody whe gets angry easy D Modifiers We often use modifiers with adjectives of personality to rake them stronger or less strong With positive characteristics really incredibly / extremely My mum is | very Lite / pretty ‘good tornpered. With negative characteristics really /incredibly/ extremely vey uite / pretty a bit/ rather My sister is bad-tempered Tell your partner about people with the characteristics below. Give examples of their behaviour. 2 + abit two-faced * very good: tempered * incredibly strong-willed + quite sel-centied Do you know somebody who is * very open-minded * extremely absent-minded + abittightfisted * pretty laid-back ((My cousin is prety Ind-back, She did't even get ‘anary when her boytriand crashed her car!4 ©THE INTERVIEW Part 1 ‘a Read the biographical information about Ryan Judd. What do you think the HR department of a company does? Ryan Judd was bom in 1976, He has been working 8 a recruitment advisor in the HR (Human Resources) department at (Oxford University Press since 2010 b Watch Part 1 of an interview with him, Tick (V) the things he mentions that candidates for a job interview should do. © Arve on time © Be enthusiastic about the job Ask questions about the job © Ask questions about the salary Include a photograph on your CV © White a good cover letter © Check everything is correct on your CV 1 Be prepared forthe interview Glossary CV the abbreviation for Curicul Vine 2 wien tees gr ecient adh spo hee co thatyou send when you ae apabing fo 2/06 creat alates antag wars oro which eandldsts send wrth ther ecient the porsche Bes nero atlery bending the lve py ave or ean obs sii accompany ¢ Now watch again and answer the questions. 11 What kinds of things does he atk candidates about t6 relax ther before the 2. What kinds of things does he ask candidates atthe Beginning the interview? 2 What information should be given in covering leter? d Which three things in b do you think are. the most important? © Part2 ‘a Watch Part 2. Which three interview situations did he find difficult or surprised him? Watch again and answer the questions. 1 What choice did he have with the frst canchate he talks about? 2. What explanation for her behaviour did the second candidate give? 3. What kinds of clothes does he think candidates should wear? 44 Why did the third cancidate ative in the wrong kind of clothes? Didhe get the job? Glossary ‘© Do you agree with Ryan that how 2 candidate dresses is important? What would you wear to a job interview? © Part3 ‘a Watch Part 3. Complete the two ‘extreme interview’ questions he mentions. 1 How would you describe 2 Would you rather fight a horse-sized duckesized ” toyour 2 ‘ora hundred b_ Watch again. Mark the sentences T (true) or F (false). Say why the F ones are false. 1 Ryan thinks the purpose of extreme interviewing is to see how candidates react in 9 strange situation 2 He has used extreme interviewing on several occasions 3. The first extreme’ question he mentions was asked to see ifthe candidate had technieal and communication sls 4 The second ‘extreme’ question was asked to see if candidates had leadership potential 5 Ryan thought that it was a good question. 6 He would have chosen the frst option, ‘¢ How would you answer the two questions in a?2 © LOOKING AT LANGUAGE D Formal language Ryan uses several words and ‘expressions that would typically be used in a more formal setting, 2g. a job interview, rather than in Watch some extracts from the interview and replace the highlighted words or phrases with the more formal equivalent Used by Ryan. 1 youre also looking for them to show ‘experience relevant to the position’ 2 ‘During an interview, once ithes begun, Iwill always ty to start the interview with some general questions 3 “First thing ig, obviously, to make mistakes ‘on their application - um, that's always ‘een negatively 4 but again, during the interview, when she hac’ said that's why she was doing it, itwasa bit ofa surprice” 5 ‘you would expect, expect to soe Suitable shoes. And the sare for a, ‘a woman as well ‘ 6 “Wenot something thet | have direct ‘experience of, but know about some of the techniques that they use I'm nat even sure if | would have boon able ta give an immediate ansier. 3 @ THE CONVERSATION ‘a Watch the conversation. How do they respond to the question? Write D, §, and A on the line in the appropriate place, | crear . Yes, definitely It depencs Absolutely not b Watch it again. Match the sentence halves Alice Admitting you can't do something is OK if Alice tfyou say you can speak French on your CV and you cat, Sarah I's OK to exaggerate abit about something if Sarah if speaking a language wos essential forajob, © Ifyou lie and say you can de something, Ifyou don't have many hobbies, its not very important for the jo. youwill have wasted the interviewer's time and given a bad Impression of yourself C its good idea to exaggerate a bit you say you are prepared to learn, E itmight be expensive forthe company when they discover the ‘wath F I wouldn't say | could do it € Doyou think it’s OK to slightly exaggerate on your CV? ‘Who do you agree with most, and why? d_ Watch three extracts where the speakers are emphasizing something and complete the gaps. 1 think i's a idea to even slightly cxaggerte 2 ..you might find yourself in a situation where you've wasted thee time and you've jst made yourself look “aly 3 Ive__ exaggerated on a CV. ‘@ Now watch two more extracts. What does the speaker do with the missing ward to make it more emphatic? 1 .but | wouldn't da that! knew the jab was going to require me that language. 2. ..you shoulda’ outright lie because you ‘get caught ‘out and alot ofthe times it could cast a company alot of money. Now have a conversation in groups of three. 1. Do you think that to get a job today, who you know is still more important than what you know’? 2 Do you think Cvs and interviews are a reliable way of selecting people fora job?(Never go to 2 doctor whos ‘offie plants have ded Doctor, doctor! oe LS present perfect imple and condnuous] V dnesses and ros], is. o acc 41 VOCABULARY illnesses ani ‘2 Do the first-aid quiz with a partner. As you read the options, try to work out the meaning of the highlighted words and phrases. d_ Whatillnesses or injuries might you get if you are...? € p52 Vocabulary Bank illnesses and injuries b @ Communication Medical myths or first.aid facts? A p:106 Bpp.111 Check your answers to the quiz and explain the reasons ‘ating out hiking in the mountaine +o your partner. doing sport visiting a topical county MEDICAL [Vic 3 OR FIRST-AID First aid can help treat a minor injury, or even save a life in a medical emergency. However, it's important to know what NOT to do. Sometimes, incorrect first aid can actually be more harmful than helpful. ‘So how useful is the advice you've heard? Do our quiz to find out. For each question, decide which answers are myths (M) and which are facts (F). What's the fst thing you should How should you teat» sprained What’ the best ting todo for someone with puton abun? ankle? hypothermia? a butter 2 putahot, damp cloth on the auth arms nd legs to warm them up b cool unning water ankle b give them a brandy ora hot coffee © anice pack b put anice pack onthe ankle © cover them in something warm, e © put the leg up, eg. on a chair coat ora blanket ‘What's the fst thing to dof someone is What's the best way to stop 2 ‘After you have leaned a bad cut, choking? nosebleed? what should you do..? a stand behind them and press their tip your head forwards a putona bandage stomach inwards bb pinch the soft part of your nose bb puton antiseptic cream b make them continue to cough hard ‘tip your head backwards © leaveitopn to the ar © hitthem hard onthe back2 PRONUNCIATION {fj (5, /tf and /k/ DPB ae @ How do you pronounce sounds 1-4 inthe chart? Write the words from thelist ia the correct column. ache alegie bondage choking frergency infection inury pressure. cach Sick stomach temperature unconscious b 2.5 Listen and check. Practise saying the words. ¢ Use the words in a to answer questions 1-3 about the sound-spelling rules. 1 What ways can you spell the sound? Which cdo you think is most common? 2. How do you often pronounce g before /and e? 3 Which two ways can ch be pronounced? Which do you thinks the more common? 4 @ p166-7 Sound Bank Look at the typical spellings for (ls), and /k/, and more examples. Practise saying the words. @ @2.6 Look at some more medical words. ‘Are they the same in your language? Which sounds in a do they contain? Listen and. check, cholesterol indigestion injection operation scratch surgeon syringe 3 LISTENING & SPEAKING Talk in pairs. What would you de and why? Hf you were in the street and save someone ‘who had a medical problem, what would your immaciate reaction be? 2 | wouldn't do anything myself but | would wait 10 see if someone else was able tohelp. bb I'll an ambulance and stay with the person until it came. « I'd.g0 up to the person and see if could do any fest ai b_ @27 You are going to listen to Jane, Daniel, and Alison talking about a time when someone needed first Firs, listen to some extracts and complete the expressions: Jone 1 he dide'thave @ 501 thought he was probebly 2 he took her to one side to because obviously she was 3 kept going unt the Danie! 4 .an old lady stopped off the pavement in front of me and she into the ro. 5 She'd fallen heavily, but she 6 Ihwas obviously an effort for her to sit up it was Alison 7 Then all ofa sudden, he stopped walking and 8 Some teenagers in the queue 9 then they put him on a stretcher and € @2.8 Now listen to their stories. When the incident happened, did they help? Why (not)? Listen again and answer the questions for each story. 1 What was he / she doing when it happened? 2 Who needed first aid? Why? 3 What did he / she do? 44 What happened in the end? 5 How did he/she feel a} during the event, b) after the event? Talkin small groups. Have you ever been in a situation whare you had to give first aid? Who to? Where were you? What happened? How did you fool? Has anyone ever had to give you first aid? Why? Where were you? What happened? Have you ever received any first-ci training? If no, would you lke to? In which jobs should people be given ‘compulsory first-ed training? \What could you do i someone...? © had a severe allegic reaction “had 3 high temperature * got very bad sunburn felt faint and dizzy © gota big blister on their foot get food poisoning + had an epileptic seizure4. GRAMMAR present perfect simple and continuous 2 @2.9 Listen to a conversation between a doctor and a patient and answer the questions. 1 What symptoms does the patient have? 2 What does he thnk might bo wrong with him? 3 What does he thnk he needs? 4 What does the doctor suggest? bb @2:10 Listen to what the doctor and receptionist say after Me Payne has left. What do they think of him? Do you know the name for someone like this? € 2:11 Nowlisten to some extracts from the conversation ina and&irclethe correct form, present perfect simple or continuous. Are there any where you think both options would also be possible? 1 Ihaven't been feeling I havent felt wel fora few days ve been coughing ve coughed alot and | keep geting headaches. ‘What have you been taking / have you taken forthe headaches? How many tablets have you been taking / have you taken today? ‘And have you taken / have you been taking your temperature this moming? 6 Yes. I've been taking it/ ve taken it five or sx times already. 7 thik need blood test. | haven't had / haven't been having one for two months d- @p134 Grammar Bank 2A 2 3 4 5 In pairs, use the prompts to ask and answer the questions. The first question should be present simple and the second should be present perfect simple or continuous. 1 Foften get colds? How many colds / have in the last three months? 2 / take any vitamins or supplements? Haw lang / take them? 3 J dink much water? How many glasses / drink today? 4 / do any exercise? What? How long / do k? 5 /eatalot of uit and vegetables? How many portions / have today? 6 / walk to schoo! for work or university)? How far / walk today? 7 How many hours / sleep a night? / sleep well recent? 8B /bealergicto anything? / ever havea serious allergic reaction? 5 READING & SPEAKING a Lookat the ttle of the a .l9 and read the first paragraph. With a partner, try to complete the definition of a eyberchondriac. Do you think the tone of the article is humorous or serious? ‘berchandios haiivediie (ols paren shecompbeyely aemchestin ntomeetor Infomation about b_ Now road tho whole article, Complete the summary of each paragraph with phrases 2~ 1 2 a When the writer found out that she hada fast haart rate, she ‘Atthe hospital, she discovered that she Since she returned from the hospital It’s effieut to know from online information whether a condition Alot of enline medical information has been obsessively checking her symptoms online bb googled the possible causes. a isn't very reliable or up to date. was sufering from a chest infection land eyberchondlra Is rare orvery common. © Match the highlighted phrases in the article related to medicine to definitions 1-7. 1 __the medical ‘weatrent ofa heart problem that Involves an operation successful ‘restments foran illness that was thought to be impossible to cure tom not feeling very exaggerated reports in the news that make people wory the mostterrible that could happen the speed at which your heart beats an liness which could kl youT'm sure that's what Tve got. Now read each paragraph again carefully and choose a, b, or 1 The problem with Dr Google is that the information = ‘2 insufficient b worrying ¢ false 2 Microsoft's survey discovered that searches are to do with health very few b quite lot of € the majority of 3 The information the writer has found since ‘coming back from hospital has ‘2. made her cyberchondria worse b made no difference to her cyberchondia ‘A few weeks ago Iwas feeling under the weather, After Pe maricisiomreneey days ofintensive iaternet diagnosis, nally went wo see Fong ee gn tny doctor After examining me, she tll me that my 1 2 Gee sclera bb ere: heart rate was a bit fast and sent me off to the hospital Ea ea eck forsome ests Did Tgo straight thee? Ofcourse not. “DON a ade stems cre First I took out my phone, lopged on to Google, and Confase Your oe ; found out dat te echnical term fora ast ear rates Googe a foc or on nese gmetad The | typed these two words Seach a, into Google. Sadly the problem with Dr Googles that Wi lost people are unikely to ched heft exactly acomfortintimes of crisis. One website ata heath information was posted immediately scared me with a list of 407 possible causes. cy. i ane 2 Traced tothe hospital, convinced that probably needed open when and by who heat surgery. Four hous ater, Tota agnosis Thad chest Infection. anda bad cate of even The oni consolation @ Insmall groups, answer the questions. foe the latter condition is that Tm in good company. A Microsoft ‘Ask for and give as much information as survey of one milion internet user lat year found that 2% fal possible. Searches ~a nor insignificant number ~ were health-related. 1 Do you know anyone who you thinks 2 3 Unfortunately once you ave it, yberchondria can be hard 19 hypochondriac ora eyberchondiac? What cure Since my tip to hospial, Ihave been obsessively checking Ks of things do they dot ‘ny pulse, swapping symptoms in chat oom, and eadingall 2: Do oT acide your sunt Wate hou worst-cte scenarios, What ithe doctors got it wrong? slotebout then? ‘What ifthe ECG machine was faulty? W's exhausting trying convince yourself that you might havea lie threatening lines. toad pressire choletercl level 4. The Microsoft study also revealed another serious problem ~ that Sees For ciline information often does discriminate between common and very rare conditions, One in fur of ll article thrown up Give examples if you can, Are there by an internet search for headache suggested a rain tumour as a ‘other things related to health that they possible cause. Although its tue tha this may be the ease, in worry about? fac, rain tumours develop in fewer than one in 50,000 peopl People also asrume that the fst answers that come up in searches refer tothe most common causes soi'you typein mouth uzerand | & WRITING See that mou cancer has several mentions ner the fp, you think that iemust be very common. However, this snot the case atl. © p.115 Writing An informal email 5 Another problem fr cyberchondriacs i that onine medical Write an email toa friend explaining thot information may be from an unreliable source, or out of date, A you haven't been well, and saying what reoent American sty showed that 75% ofthe people who we the you've been doing recently internet to lookup information abou her heath donot check where that information came from, othe date it was created. ‘Once something hasbeen put up onthe interne, even iit wrong, i's difficult remove; says Sarah Jarvis a doctor. "This isa problem, especially with care tories, and also with some —| alternative remedies which claim tobe miracle cies, but which Glossary ‘may aetally do you harm: Check te information? Sorry, 1 don't ECS machine tcrocaogtm have time ~ Fm off buy a heartzate monte! roshn, ne ote poops he atAct your age 41 READING & SPEAKING Think of en olde person you kngne vbo sara mh younger than they actually are. Ccl)any ofthe adjectives below that you would use to describe them: ‘active brave energetic funny glamorous minded sociable impulsive indeper nt lively oper Je someone different at ag6 18 or, {07 belive one stays the som b Describe the person to a partner, and say what they do that makes them seem younger than their age. ¢ Look at the photo of Dilys and Sian. Approximately how old do you think they are? The joy of the age-gap friendship ‘Modern life makes it hard forthe old and the young to meet, and even harder to become best friends. What’ the secret? Dilys on Sian {met Sian at an event where We were both speakers, and We jst clicked. I could see she was just a great person, and cleverer than most, She was 8 glamorous, ively woman, ‘who talked about being an entrepreneur and her love for her father ‘She started inviting meto liferent places. I went tothe aces with her not the sort of thing {normally do. She brought fun back into my lie when I was ‘working hard trun a charity. “The new experiences we share help to keep me alive. When | ‘vas il las Christmas, she really rescued me. She came in like ‘hurricane, with decorations, firewood, champagne.Iwas-&D:ysa1Si5 feeling sad and afraid and she told me that wasnt allowed ‘She brought fun back into my life.’ Sian’ ful of energy and warmth [feel [understand her because she represents my younger self. Mine wasn't a typical path; 1 always wanted to be abit different. [was a dancer and taught the art of movement. I got married within six weeks, but divorced when my only son was seven. I've got the life I wanted, bu it isnt always easy. [try to offer that perspective to Sian, Glossary Sian on Dilys {met Dilys in Cardiff, where we both live, at an event called Superwoman. We were both invited to speak ‘and were at the same table, Dilys did alot of charity work ‘ith disabled people, as well ‘as being the world’s oldest female solo skydiver. | was there to talk about my media marketing company. We Iitit off thought she was ‘amazing and the way I want tobeas [grow older. ‘We love to st with a takeaway and listen to Mozart. We like films and the theatre. She has ‘a huge amount of energy and ‘can dance forlonger than me. ‘She even persuaded me to do a skydive, despite my fear of heights. When we're in aeab, taxi drivers ask how we met, but, \we never think of our age gap. She advises me on my love life, ‘work, and how to be a better person. “She's the way I want to be as I grow older.” Tften walk into Dilys's house when I'm stressed and within seconds I'm more relaxed. She calms me down when I'm ‘angry, and teaches me to see things from other people's point ‘of view Now, she's the fist person I ring when anything good for bad happens. My family say how much good she does me.d_ Now read the article, where each woman talks about how they met and about their relationship. Who are the following sentences true of? Write $ (Sian), D (Dilys), or B (both of them, 1. © She edmices the other person. She cheered the other person up on one specific accasion She got on immeditely with the other person She has done an extreme sport She has helped the other person to be more open-minded, She has introduced the other to things she hadn't tried before, She likes cultural activites. She manages an organization which helps people 9 Sheruns a company. 10 She's good at giving adviee 11 She's very energetic. 12. She dossntlike being in high places @ Look at your answers to d. What do you think is the secret of Dilys and Sian’s friendship? Now look at the photo of Dave and John. What do you think the age difference is between them? 9 @ Communication The jay of the age-gap friendship Ap.07 Bp.111 Read about Dave and John and compare. ‘what they say about each other. Complete some phrases from the four texts. Compare with @ partner and explain what they mean in your own words 1 Dilys We just el 2 Sian We ito. 3 Sian We never think of our age gu 4 Sian She..teaches me to see things from other people's pEeemeecfume Dave Ive leaned never tot _ sides. John (He loves cars) | couldnite less. 7 Joba | Li Sup to hie Talk to a partner. “+ Ave you good friends with anyone who is 2 lot older or younger than you? ‘+ Ifyes, how did you meet? Wy do you get con well? What kind of things do you do: together? ‘+ lino, what advantages do you think there are tohavinge trend of a diferent generation? «+ Isthere 3 family member from a different ‘generation wine you are re to? What do you Tike about them? GRAMMAR using adjectives as nouns, adjective order Look at the sentences in 1 and 2 below ‘and decide if you think they are right (7) €or wrong (X). Compare with e partner and say why you think the X ones are wrong 1. © tngoneral, it's ltfcult forthe old {and the young to be good friends. b © In general, it's difficult for the old people and the young people to be ‘900d friends € In genera, it’s lifficut for old people ‘and young people to be good frends 2. © Sianisa lively, dark-haired, Welsh b © Sian isa Welsh, lively, darichaired ¢ 1 Sianisa carkchlted, Wels, lively © 135 Grammar Bank 28 Discuss the statements below in small ‘groups. Do you agree? Why (notl? ‘Young people don't respect the old as much a6 they used ‘Politicians should be atleast 40 years old — the young don't have enough experience for such a responsible job + Rich people ae often ess generous than poor people ‘+ The unemployed should take any job they can. Any job is better than no job ‘+ The homeless should be allowed to live rentsee in empty second homes,3 VOCABULARY clothes and fashion a Look at the ttle of an article about fashion. What's your answer to the question? b Look at the photo of the Hoppen family and read the article. Complete the highlighted phrases with the clothes in the list. dress Jacket jeans sandals sweater Can the same clothes work for all ages? Clothes from thelr mothers wardrobes. One in five also share’ A= survey found that $4% of British women borrow vith their grandmothers, it's not about what you “should” \wear when you're young or ol, says designer Emilia Wikstead, “I's about finding the things that really suit you, regardless of your age ‘When three women of the same clothing and shoe siz live under the “The toypn tami oe frm fio) ‘same roof, clothes are bound to go missing. I remember seeing this itl in the park and thinking, “That's a nice dress; it laoks like one of mine, ays Jenny Hoppen, ‘And | realized it was Daisy, going toa wedding, wearing my dress and shoes. But even if they borrow from ‘each other, the sate piece looks different on them al Inthe photo, they are all wearing the same ‘cropped _ Plum wears hers witha leather and patterned, Dut they look just as good on Jenny with a sik Veneck and Pred velvet__ or on Daisy with $a see-through black —___worn over a black polo-neck. \we learned from our mother, says Daisy, “isto have our own sense of style and be adventurous: ‘¢ Whose ‘look’ do you prefer? Do you ever borrow clothes or “The principle accessories from people in your family, of friends? 4 @p.183 Vocabulary Bank Clothes and fashion 4 PRONUNCIATION vowel sounds Say the vowel sounds below. Are they short, long, or diphthongs? 1 a denim velvet linen striped oa 4 x fir sul cei 5 BET oom stow nit wos b ©2.21 Circlethe different sound in ‘each group. Listen and check suede € @2.22 Listen to some phrases describing clothes. Is anyone in the class wearing them, or something similar? Talk inpairs, What would or wouldn't you wear..? to. formal interview on the beach work or school / university toawedding sightsoving in acty 5 LISTENING & SPEAKING 2 Lookt the clothes in the photos. What ‘age group do you associate them with? Be &S | a carigan and fersippers \ t 3 . a tghtjeans and a blazer and 2 -t wih 2 slogan chinos rene atorb @2.23 Listen to a radio discussion about dressing your «6 age. Match the clother 1-5 in ato what the journalists say about them, A-F. There's one comment you don't need. {8 “They never suit on older person’ 8. ‘They-make younger men look older than they ae C1 ‘Awoman nber 7s locked grein one D © ‘Middl-aged men tnd to wear them at E ‘Older people should never wear clothes made ofthis F © "Yoursrandme probably won't ke them a 3 present € Listen again and mark the opinions T (true) or F (false. Correct the F ones Liza thinks that. : 1905 of women dress younger than thei soe. 2 teenage gis would never cies ler than thei age 3 its fine for ckler women to wae trendy clothes ‘Adrian thinks the o 4: vary few men ach to dressing younger than ther age 5 Mick Jogger looks afin mary ofthe clothes he wea 6 men normally weara suit and tito werk 4 In pars, think about what the journalist sid, and try to complete their fashion rues. Liza) Wor whatever you tink indepalad rac (Adon Dress forthe age not forthe ies a € @2.24 Listen to the end of the discussion and check. Who do you agree with mor, Liza or Adrian? é {Workin groups of three, and discuss three of the topics below. Take turns to be the presenter. The presenter chooses the topic and manages the discussion. Try to use the language from the box. * People should stop buying new clothes and buy more second: hand and vintage clothes. + Men are just a interested in shopping fr clothes as women, + Nowadays, nobody is prepared to suffer in order to look good. The most important thing is comfort * You can tel alot about someone's personality from the clothes they wear * Cheap feshion means exploiting people in less developed countries, D Managing discussions Let's start with you, (Le. (Adrian, what about..? Let's go back to So, to sum wp. Can you let (Lia finish? Sorry. Go ahead. Politely disagreeing Sorry, but I don't agree. True, but 1m not sure about that. 1 agree up to a point, but WRITING Imagine you have decided to sell two items of clothing on eBay. Write detailed descriptions, using the example below as a model. Set a starting price. Blue and white striped cotton shirt ~ Size M Neve wa! Would ok st wth ies Perio te sme’ £4.50 Now read some other students’ adverts What would you like to bid for? © VIDEO LISTENING Watch an interview about the Hiut jeans ‘company. What do you think is the ‘unique selling point (USP) of thelr jeans? Watch the interview again. Then make notes under the following categories. Description of jeans 1 Material: cy 2 Style 3 Celebrity wearer: History of company 4 When David and Clare started it and why: |S Whotheyenpiy 6 How many pats of jeans they produce per week 7 How they try to make their jeans enviconmentaly friendly Would you like to have a pair of Hiut jeans? Would you be prepared to join the no-wash club? Why (not)?1%2 Revise and Check GRAMMAR Complete the sentences with one word, 1 What were you and Sarah tang 2 2 You dat ihe tes rove, yeu? 3: My athe loves oper and 23 a mother, 4 Ave been to Inca tice. . yout lov to go. 5 Whathave you boing since ast week? ir, b, oF. 1 Could ou tell me whattime_? athe buslemvesb leaves the bus 2 Biss tela 2 How many people thiscompute? a dowe Buse edoesuse 3 Youre not eating mich. Ike the food? 2 Youder't b Dont you © Arettyou 4.4 Why ditt you call me? 1 but Jour pone was etched of 2 docal b didealed edd call 5 My parents ae both blonde but my deters Abad Bowit eas = She cope of citi i Cis nomi 2 Teebeontnvng b Tveind -cthave 7 That wa probaly the were fim 1 t Taw eversean ‘b Ive raver soen Pitre aietteta ooh 8 met stmy langage das todey aa Shi. b te Sse € a Seite 9 Some people thik tat dont poy enough tox. f therch b therich people een 10 Tota bog tr my hay. 2 beau lester alan & fatan lather beaut € beaut aon eather b VOCABULARY a Complete the compound adjectives. 1 My boss is very bad -When things 90 wrong, he starts shouting at everyone. 2 Imvery minded. | tend to forget things. 3 I think Paulie bit tight He never spends money unless he absolutely has to. 4 Syvia won't have any problems atthe interview — she's very sf. 5 That dress is very old-__. It looks ike the kind of thing my granny would wear. b Write words for the defini 1 bl (sorb) to lose blood from an injury 2aw (ed)) bigger than norma, especially because ‘of an injury or infect 3b, (oun) a piece of cloth used tote round @ part ofthe body that has been hurt at (o0un) a pain in one of your teeth Se (noun) an area of red spots caused by an liness or allergy € Exe B Ihe correct verb or verb phrase 1 Thave/ fela bit zy. | need to sit down. 2 She bumt/ sprained her ankle when she was jogging. 5 hwas:0 hot inthe room that neal fainted / choked! 4 This sit doesn't fe/sut me. Is Bt t00 big 5 Can go in jeans? dont foe ike gating dressed / changed. d Circlaithe word that is different. 1 swiped. spotted plain patterned 2 sie cotton. fur. smart 3 collar sleeveless hooded long-sleeved 4 lycra searf vest cardigan 5 fashionable scruffy stylish trendy ‘© Complete with one word. 1 My mother had very bad fl last week, but she's beginning roget inom. 2 Please lie mn the couch over there 3 I'm feeling sick | thinkI'm going to op, 4 Dowe really need to dress {or the party tonight? 5 Please ‘up your clothes in the wardrobe, PRONUNCIATION 2, GreBthe word witha diferent sound, 1 EBD ote ete acted ates 2 ( cemton cat tation wae 2G hiv sped ok ete © eae bent wow te 5 WET cough ths sit toose 1b. Underline the main stressed syllable, 1 ineredibly 3. antibioltcs 5 fashionable 2 big-headed 4 swimsuitCAN YOU understand this text? a Read the article once. Do the scientists who have studied Scott Kelly agree about the effect of space travel on the human body? Read the article again and choose a, b, or 1 Scientists expected that, after spending a year in space, Seat Kelly would be, 12 more inteligent b taller an lighter. ‘© younger. 2 Telomeres prevent a ageing. b radiation, «© damage to our chromosomes. 3 Scientists ace afraid that astronauts. {will not want todo long space fights. b will have alot of long-term health problems. ‘© won't be able ta travel further than Mars. 4 In space, astronauts. 2 are made to use the gym twice a week. bb exercise more than whan they are in taining € are not allowed to eat whatever they Ike. (CAN YOU understand these people? 2.25 Watch or listen and choose a, b, orc ae Sean Hany Maria. Tom 1 One ofthe questions Sean was asked ata job 18 whether he iked working in restaurants bb which his favourite tear was ‘¢ who his favourite superhero was 2 In the house where Harry grew up, there is a ghost whieh a all ofher family have seen b allofher family have heard «all of hee family are afraid of 3 Maria gave her litle brother frst aid when a her mother was not at home b his older brother had hithim on the head «ho fell off the sofa and cut himself 4 Toms friend fs 16 years older than him bb works as an actress f¢ makes him laugh a lot Astronaut returns from space younger ‘American astronaut Scott Kelly and his identical twin Mark, also retired astronaut may be the most studied siblings in the history af science Ech time one of them went inte space while the other rained on Earth, both men would cary out dozens of experiments, inducing cognitive exercises, genetic sequencing and testing for bacteria on thelr bodies When Scott landed in Kazakhstan ast yea, after 340 days in space, he came back twa inches tlle, ffteen pounds lighter, and with strong esi to ump into a swimming poo. Changes Tike these were predictable and temporary. Now, however, Scientists have found te fist signs ofa change that noone expected - uring his year on board the Intemational Space Station, Scott's body had become younger (One of the genetic indicators of human ageing is the length ‘of our telomeres Telomeres are the caps at the endof each Strand of DNA that protect our chromosomes, ike the plastic tips atthe end of shoelaces. Normally, telomeres get shorter a5 we age; they are about 11,000 molecules ang when we are Born and only about 4000 long in old age and this means that our DNA\s increasingly vulnerable to damage as we get older. However, an analysis of Scot Kell’ cel, led by Susan Bailey, professor of radiation cancer biology at Colorado State Universit, showed thatthe 52-year-old {astlonauts telomeres got longer while he was in space, before shrinking back again after returning to Earth, In theory, expanding telomeres indcate the reversal of partof ‘the ageing process, However, they ae als strongly linked 10 ‘Cancer. NASAis amine to send humans to Mars and beyond, butmany scientists worry that long-haul tis into space ‘could caise astronauts to suffer from con and severe healt problems So this 's definitely not good news, andi Could have serious implications forthe future of space travel Cirstopher Mason assistant professor of physiology and biophysics a Cornel ell Medicine in New York, takes a dliferent view. Professor Masons team also found changes In Scott Kelly genes while he was in space. Buthe thinks ‘this may be essa resuit of simpy being in space, and more due to the intense NASA fitness regime ‘On Earth you might go tothe gym on Tuesday and then decide you can't bee botheced on Thursday and go tothe pub, but onthe space station, the astronauts exercise extremely regualy, ‘andl food and exercise are very controled? Glossary 1S pounds sinost 7 kiosFasten your seat belts 41 LISTENING & VOCABULARY air travel ‘a @3: Listen to some announcements. Would you hear them when travelling by train or by plane? Write T or P. AM o@ CH OM ES Fm GM Hm Im J b @3.2 Liston again tothe ones you would hear when traveling by tain (or Underground). What do you need to know if you want to travel on.? 1 the 11.32 rain to Margate 2 the 14. tain to Bournemouth 3 the 17.08 train to Padalington in frst class 4 the Jule ine © @2.3 Listen again to the ones you would hear when travelling by plane. Answer the questions for each one, + Would you hear itn the airport terminal or on the plane? + Whats it asking people to do? d_ @3.4 Listen to some extracts from the announcements 1-6 in ¢, What do these formal words and phrases mean? 1 approximately 2 locate 3 proceed to © @p-154 Vocabulary Bank Air travel 4 place, personal electronic devices 5 requiting 6 disembark, oar 2 READING ‘2 When you travel by plane, bus, or train, do you normally profer to sit at the front, inthe middle, or at the back? Do you prefer a window seat or an aisle seat? Why? b Look at the seating diagram of a plane and the seats marked with a cross, Then read the article about where to sit on a plane and match the seat numbers to the correct paragraphs. cock ‘you ook ike your passport ph Ceres mung etnias TO mk cs ried seat Every time you fly, and have to choose a seat, you ‘ask yourself, ‘Which is the best seat to choose?” ‘The answer is that it depends entirely on your priorities as a passenger. Telegraph Travel has sifted through the research to reveal the top spots. al you want a speedy exit You'e on acity break to Europe and youre traveling light with usta smal cary-on case in the . You want to maximize the amount of time you spend at your destination and minimize ‘the time spent on the plane. Verdict? You need to ‘ab an alse seat towards the front ofthe plane on the le, which is where the main exits located and ‘where passengers leave the ara rom. Hf you want to sleep sleep Is hare to come by at an = ot 35,000 feet. There are so many things conspiring ‘against you that’s hard to nod ofthe hum ofthe ‘engines, the passenger next to you needing to get ‘ut the lack of neck support in your seat. Some places, however, are better than others, for example, Some areas of the re less nosy Window seats give you control ofthe window bing anda place to rest your head they also mean you. ‘don’t need tobe woken up every time the passenger next to you needs the tole. The verdict? A window ‘seat at the front ofthe plane, where tis aso quieter Goo) aceyou don’ tke turbulence “Turbulence does, of course, shake the entre aircraft, but experts lam there are some seats ‘na plane where bumps wil fe! less intense ‘The verdict? sit inthe middle of the plane, above the wings, which help keep the pane steady When the going gets tough. {you need more legroom ‘Seats in exit rows have more legroom than ‘most. These seats are, however, in such igh demand, tat some akines, especaly ‘ones, charge more fr them. ‘They also come with restrictions: passengers in exttrows, for instance, must be willing 1 assist inthe® ofthe aicrat during ‘an emergency, so they are not avalabe for ciildren or people needing © The vercict? if you're traveling without children, ityoute ft and you can afford it choose a seat nanexitrow. Ifyou want a better dining experience ‘According to Pratessor Charles Spence - author ‘of Gastrophysics: he New Science of Eatiig ~ plane food tastes beter atthe front of the ateaft, where tis quieter and the a's more humic. “ory cabin air and the foud ™ ‘oke all contribute to our inability to taste and smell food and drink, he tld Telegraph Travel. \eruict? sitas close tothe cockait as possible it ‘you want to make plane food taste better. More Often than not, you'l also get served fist. Mtyou'r safety-conscious Alines and plane manufacturers wil te ‘you that al seats are equal when it comes to matters of safety. However, some seats ‘ae more equal than others. A 2007 study by the magazine Popular Mechanics found that passengers sting near the ‘of plane were 40 per cent more Survive a crash than those siting in the fst few rows, Verdict? sit a far back as possible {you want to have an empty seat next to you Ifyou are flying with 3 companion, try booking both the aise andthe window sest. You wl often find thatthe miele seat—as its the least favoured by passengers traveling solo ~has been left empty. Relax and enjoy it ¢ Now read the article again and complete it with a word or phrase from thelist. ‘altitude cabin engine = evacuation low-cost overhead locker special assistance tal d_ According to the information in the article, which do you now think would be the best seat for you? ‘© Grammar in context 50 /such..that.. There are so many things conspiring against you that’s hard to od off. These seats ar, however, in such high demand, that some _aitnes, especialy low-cost ones, charge more for them. We often use s0/such..,hat to express a consequence, 1 Use s0+4 adjective or adverb, ag. The tax’ criver drove 20 quickly (hat we got tothe aiporton time 1 Use so much + uncountable noun and so many + pra countable noun, eg. There was so much vafic/ There were ‘50 many buses on the road (that we nearly missed our fight ‘Use such a+ adjective + single countable noun, eg. twas such a great hotel that) we want to-go back there + Use such + adjective + uncountable or plural noun, €9. Vie hod such torible weather/ such small rooms (that) we dct enjoy the holiday. Complete with so, so much / many, such, or such a. 1 The fight was long that | got really bored. 2 thad noisy child behind me that | couldn't sleep. 3 Ialept badly onthe flight from New York that the jet lag was worse than usual 4 There were ‘people at Checkin that we had to queue for ages. 5 Wehad luggage that we had to get two trolleys 6 Wemet nice people in the hotel that we were never bored. SPEAKING In pairs, ask and answer the questions. I you have flown several times 1 How often do you fy? What kinds of aitines do you normally use? 2 When was the last fight you took? Where did you 90? Whet for? Where did you sit? 3. Have you ever flown long-haul? Where did you go? How long was the fight? Did you get jet lag? 44 How da you feel about flying? Have you ever had a very bad experience ona fight? you have never / hardly ever flown |) When was the last time you went on a journey? Where did you {902 What for? 2 How do you normally vavel al shor distances, b) longer distances? Why do you choose to travel this way? 3 What's the furthest you've ever travelled? Why did you go there? 4 What's your favourite way of travelling? Why? Have you ever. + been vary delayed when traveling? Haw lang for? + missed a fight, train, or bus? Why? What did you do? + had to sit near a screaming baby (ora child that kept kicking your seat) on a plane, train, or bus? What did you do? + had to catch a connecting fight, train, or bus with vey tle time. 10 spare? Did you catch it?4 USTENING 2 You are going to listen to an airline pilot talking on a radio programme. Before you listen, discuss questions 1-6 with a partner and imagine what the answers will be. 1 What weather conditions are the most dangerous when you ae fying a plane? Is turbulence really dangerous? 3 Which it more dangerous, take-off o landing? 44 Why do passengers have to switch off slectronic doviees and put their tables up during take-off and landing? 5 Is treally worth listoning to safety demonstrations? 6 Do you ever get scared? b 39 Listen tothe programme. How many of the pilot's answers did you predict correctly? ¢ Listen again and take notes. How does he explain his answers? d_ What did the pilot say that might make you feel more relaxed next time you fiy? 5 GRAMMAR narrative tenses, past perfect continuous ‘2 Read a newspaper story about a delayed easyJet flight. What did the Daily Mail say had happened? What really happened? bb Read the story again andthe correct frm of the verbs 1-8. € Now look at a sentence from the story. Which nights were the passengers at the hotel? What tense do you think the highlighted verb is? ‘The 150 passengers had been waiting in hotels in Malaga for 36 hours before they were finally abe to re-board the Airbus, On Saturday afternoon, they eventually lef their hotels 4 @p.136 Grammar Bank 3A @ Inpairs or groups, try to complete the two sentences in four different ways, using the four narrative tenses. 1 The police stopped the driver because he. 2 I couldn't sleep last night because, easyJet denies petrol eit) eco Rol Britain’s biggest budget airline has denied that passengers on a delayed flight from Malaga to Bristol were asked to vote on whether they wanted to take off with only one engine working. Flight £26058 from Malaga had originally been due to take off shortly before midnight on Thursday sth june, but the flight was delayed because of problems with the plane. The 150 passengers had been waiting for 36 hours in hotels in Malaga before they were finally able tore-board the Airbus. On Saturday afternoon, they eventually left their hotels and "boarded / were boarding the plane. They *had sat / were siting inside the plane ‘waiting fo take off, when the easyJet pilot told them that there was sill a problem with one of the engines. He then Jasked/ had ashed ifthe passengers, who were by now extremely frustrated and angry, would like to get off the plane, or remain on board while he had tried was trying to start the engines. However, the Daly Mail reported that the plot had told passengers that there was a high chance that they would fly with only one tengine working, and "asked / had asked the passengers whether they wanted to remain on the plane or get off ‘An easyJet spokesperson “said / wns saying later, "The pilot never asked the passengers to vote. We would never attempt to ly the aircraft without both engines working correctly” After a further delay, ensyJet "provided / had provided ‘replacement aircraft to take the passengers back to Bristol, They finally landed / were landing in the UK at 6pm on Saturday 10th June, 40 hours behind schedule,6 PRONUNCIATION irregular past forms, sentence rhythm ‘2 Write the past simple of the following verbs in the chart, according to the pronunciation of the vowel sound. ‘become catch cut dive fall fight fly hear hide hold hurt keep leave lie read ride say sleep tell think throw write ‘lk 4B & 1b Look at the verbs in a again. Which ones have a past participle which is different from the past simple form? Write these past participles in the chart € 3:12 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat: d_ Read a short anecdote about a flight. With a partner, guess what the missing verbs might be. This when my wife and | were on a flight to New York, and we'd beon 2 for 2 few hours. | was and my wife was ‘ 2 film, when suddenly, we ® ‘an announcement 's there « doctor on board?” ie ‘out that a woman was” > baby! Luckily, two doctors * forward, and the baby was: safely © @2:13 Listen and complete the gaps. Practise reading the anecdote aloud with the correct rhythm, with light stress on the main verbs and other bold words. SPEAKING @ Communication Flight stories A p07 B p.112 Read a newspaper story. Then tell your partner the story. You are going to tell an anecdote. The story can either be true or invented. If it’s invented, you ‘must try to tell itin such a convincing way that your partner thinks it's true. Choose one of the topics below and plan what you're going to say. Use the language in the Telling an anecdate box to help you, and ask your teacher for any other words you need. Talk about a time when you... were robbed or Fost something lest while important wien traveling in youwere traveling another city or Oronholidey. county, ‘got completely artived home from avip and had surprise. ® Tolling an anecdote Setting the scene This happened (to me) when I was. Iwas..cing when. Iho, Because I had / hadn't The main events I decided to... Because. So then Suddenly / At that moment, What happened in the end In the end / Eventually, It tured out that eit. In pairs, A tell B your story. B show interest and ask for more details. Decide whether you think the story is true or not. Then swap roles. Iwas on holiday in Mexic. I vse swimming ri iirc a Se a} inthesew one doy when sw ashok (Beall? How big wast?Optericimemns pices aires A really good ending? Sameer LS the postion of adverbs and adverbial phases lV, aves and sdvorbiel phrases J word stress ond intonation a] 1 GRAMMAR the position of adverbs and adverbial phrases a Read four 50-word stories. With a partner, predict how you think each story ends. fiftywordstories.com fiftywordstories.com is a website to which people from all ver the world contribute 50-word stories in English @Sweet talking @Can't live without it es api “what are you reading there? Itlooks serious - you must be Increably smart. He uses his usual chat-up lines on the train, Absolutely alone. Silence imprisons her. Suffocating silence. {Ask them simple question. Then pay them a compliment. It” She gets up and crosses the room. She presses the button always works wth women, Sadly not this time Wits Three. Two. One ‘At ones, there is noise! Footsteps running down the stirs. @Departed Shouts ond wondertl chaos aa She ses, Tree voxes shout in unison, @Revenge is sweet “Has Mummy gone?’ “Unfortunately she has, sweetie “1 miss Mummy. °S0.do I, sweetie. Dont ery! “Let's go and get Mummy, right now!” — “We can't do that, sweetic “You‘e sitting in my seat!’ the woman said. She showed me “where is she? her ticket and shouted rudely, ‘See? I's mine. Move: °She's in a much better place’ Looked atthe ticket carefully. Then | stood up silently. “WHERE? [As the train left the station, | whispered to her,Read the four final sentences and match them to the stories. Which one do you think has the best ending? ‘A She's gone to have a facial in a nice, quiet beauty salon’ Mum! The internet's gone off” "You have the right seat, but the wrong train D My divorce papers, she replied angrily, and turned away. Look at the highlighted adverbs or adverbial phrases in the stories. Think about what they mean and write them in the correct place in the chart. ‘Types of adverbs Time (when things happen, e.g, immediatly fight now ‘Manner (how you do something, eg. slowiy) suey a Degree (describing / modifying an adjective, e.g very) incrachiy —_ ‘Comment (giving an epinion, eg luckily) sadly Frequency (how often things happen, 9.1270) With a partner, decide where the bold adverbs should go in these sentences, 1 He speaks French and Spanish fluently 2 |1use public vansport. hardly ever 3 | thought 'd lost my phone, but it was in my bag, fortunately 4 Is important that you arrive on time. ‘extremely 5 Whon I find out, tell you. immediately @ p.137 Grammar Bank 38 32.15 Listen to some sound effects and short conversations. Then use the bold adverb to complete the sentence. 11 Whon she got tothe bus stop, the bus. just 2. They were having a party when... suddenly 3 He thought he had lost his boarding pass, but. luckily 4 The woman thought Andres and Tom knew each other, but in fact... never 5 The driver couldn't see where he was going because... hard 6 Alain couldn't understand the man because... incredibly 2 VOCABULARY adverbs and adverbial phrases ‘a Read another 50-word story. What do you think the missing word is? oy Hard rock _ Inearly forget his birthday! | rush tothe shop ath fe enors Istening to mute fol chose Bluetooth speaker eget now fis bedroom gar me The musi real oud open he doo and shout, “is tte Pease tr the volume down’ b Look at the highlighted adverbs. What's the difference between...? 2 nearand nearly © @p.1S5 Vocabulary Bank Adverbs and adverbial phrases b late and lately 3 PRONUNCIATION word stress and intonation 2 @3.18 Underline the stressed syllables in these adverbs. Listen and check. absolutely actually alpparently basically delfinkely especially eventually fortuinately gradually ideally incredibly luckily oblviously unfortujnately b_ @3.19 Liston and repeat tho sentonces, copying the stress and intonation of the adverbs. 1 Thave was altof traf, ard unfortunatly, weave extemal lt 2 We defiritly wart to 99 abroad ths summer, ily somewhere hot 4 Ws incredibly easy even acid could doit 4 thought Roberto was Portuguese but actully, he's Brasilia. 5. Apparentiy ack has been affered a promotion at work, but & wl mean ving vo New York 6 absolutely love lain food, especialy pasta 4 WRITING ‘a You are going to write 2 50-word story. It must be 50 words exactly (not including the title) and you must include at least ‘two adverbs. Contracted forms (e.g. Id) count as one word. First, in pairs, choose one of the titles below. A holiday romance The lie A day to remember Never again b_ Brainstorm ideas for the plot. Then together, write a first draft. Don't worry about the number of words. Now edit the story to make it exactly 50 words. d_ Read two other pairs’ stories. Which do you like best?SPEAKING @ Look at the questions about reading habits and answer them with a partner. Reading habits * Which of the folowing do you raad? How often? PRINT ‘comics or magazines ition, e, classic or modern novels, short stoves, graphic novels nonfiction, .g selthelp books, history books, travel wring guldebooks tetbooks, manuals, or instructions ‘ONUNE ‘loge chat rooms / forums rows reports and articles fecibes shopping websites Social media song ies ‘Study: or workrelated articles + Why do you choose to read some things In pint and some on-screen? + what do you rea, if anything, specifically to improve your English? b- @ Communication Reading habits p08 Compare your reading habits 6 READING & LISTENING ‘D Reading for pleasure |When you read this tory you will Understand f better and enjoy it more if you ask yourself questions from time ‘0 time, Think about, * the setting ofthe story: Where and when does it take place? + the charactors: Who are they? What do they look ike? What kinds of people are they? How do you feel about them? + the events of the story: What is happening at each stage? What might happen next? + the ending: What might have happened after the end of the story? What i the writer trying to say? Glossary feane ‘= (noun AAT Part 1 thd sel was apy charming gi torn Miers is tec dae put of hight rele French sod As hegre ps was incresagsaamed ter creumsances bt thr wae odo ‘Mout tally arid clerk i Minty of action, They snp iad Mae ure, Sh hat she dserved a ie eee ee aeesTee ere en tees eee tua noah Sua rata ehing Sheer water one rch eaten, Madame ors beets the cd ot Tirto cet ftatce ered woul rer hae One cele band cane hone pond badogin his band eee er be adhere something fr yu Shell opened ewan nation om the Dinisrafedaton apart palace he Minty at iste fe delged aera hd hoped she tne the nation fhe tae What do you want me to doh ‘My de thong ou wl be peated You poe eal et peraeel Went wou og heaton ee eee eer frestothedens You wilnecall nt Important peter Shelled im inpatieniyand si “What do you want me to wear to the party?” ead st honghl hat estate "ihe dress you wear to the theatre— He stopped, ashe saw that his wifewas crying What’ the matter? Whats the matter?” Mathilde wiped her eyes and replied calmly, ‘Nothing. Only Ihave no dress, so ‘cannot goto this party Give your ivitation tosome calleague whose wife has better ‘lothes than | er husband was heartbroken. "Look here, Mathilde, how much would this cost, a proper dress? She thought fr afew seconds, and answered, “I don’t know exactly, but [think could dot with four unde francs’ He grewalittle pale. He had saved exactly this amount fora short trip the following summer with his friends. But he ‘said, ‘Allright. wil give you four hundred franes. But make sure ‘yom gota pretty dress: ‘Bata the day ofthe party drew near, Mathilde was sill not happy. Although she now had her dress, she had nojewelleryto go witht, When she told her husband, he suggested that she ask her friend Jeanine Forestier tolend her something Pleased with the de, she went to her friend’showse, and told her about ber listens Madame Forestier agreed tolend her something She tre on rch currency, several pieces, but nothing was right until she deny saw a magnificent 4 92002 diamond necklace fo hero he rent her borrow ita @3.20 Read and listen to Part 1 of a short story. With a partner, continue sentences 1-8 in your own words, 1 Mathilde wos unhappy because. 2 She never visited Madame Forestier because. 3 Her husbendl was proud when he came home one night because. 4 Mathilde threw the imitation on the table because, 5. Her husband was really upset because. 6 He was able to give her the money fora dress because, 7 Mathilde wos stil unhappy because 8 She was delighted when she visited Madame Forestier because When do you think the story takes place? What kinds of people are Mathilde and her husband? Who de you sympathize with more? o you think Mathilde will enjoy the party? b @3.21 Now listen to Part 2. Answor the questions with a partner. 1 Did Mathilde enjoy the party? Give examples. 2 How did they get home? 3 What cid she discover when they got home? 44 What did her husband do? 5 What did they decide to doin the end? 6 How did they aise the money? 7 How did Madame Forester oact? How do you think thei ives will change now? Glowsary asp un device that aster sormeting. uch asa hancg, othe ¢ @3.22 Read and listen to Part 3. Answer the questions with a partner. 1 How cd life change for Mathilde? 2 How did it change for her husband? 3 What had they achieved atthe end of the ten years? 44 How had Mathde changed over the ten years? Who do you think suffered the most, Mathilde or her husband? Why? ‘What do you think would have happened if Mathilde hadn't lost the necklace? How do you think the story ends? 1d @3.23 Listen to the end of the story. Did it end the way you expected? o your feelings for Mathilde change during the story? What do you think might have happened after the final conversation? What do you think the message of the story is? Glossary Champs yecee the cet frou and bes anu ara, which goes fom the Place de a Canora tthe Me de Tomphe 7 WRITING © p.116 Writing A short story Write a short story of 140-190 words Part3 thle ered eee i Metis atte dette of Tea nt itd Ste woul pat They dalaed thserwss hy ne se ed "outed he Soler for otetaanittind boos Se ed hd easing citer pina ng on ton the pn Sh ced ty ‘feral dates Se okt rat Amt thestest vey an ste cared ipa peg ro srry Wong wet ct aon te tee ae acter vah toc ure epg ane ean ee oe pate paler eee they thy had bowel Hr nd eo eee arte Irasteperandu nig bed coving fee pe Talla ny ath endo tenga they pad ren bck oping wha betccomlatoned thera cont ae ander hana ok sree st sete aad Yara te tbs mt conte iow and nog oft eelng Toga ola pay ere demo Peat uals Vit vuln appenabeadt Jost that necklace? Who knows? Who knows? Glossary fous (noun an old French con worth very ile4 ©THE INTERVIEW Part 1 ‘a Read the biographical information about Julia Eccleshare and look at the book covers. Have you read any of them? Julia Ecclashare is» British journalist and writer on the subject of children’s books. She was children's bbook editor fr the Guardian newspaper from 2000 until 2016. She rogularly appears as a judge or Chair Cf judges on some of the major children’s book prizes, and is particulary interested in how to encourage children and young people to read. Julia was awarded the Eleanor Fajeon Prize in 2000 in recognition of her ‘outstanding contribution to children’s books. She has four children and ives in London, b Watch Part 1 of an interview with her. Why does she mention these four books? Warior Scarlet Little House on the Prairie Mouse House Northern Lights ¢ Now watch again and mark the sentences T (true) or F (false). Say why the F sentences are false. 1. Julia has only re-read Warrior Scarlet once since she was a chic, 2 She thinks people have vary clear memories about books they loved as children 3 Her parents read to her a lot when she was chil 4 Her husband didn't want ta read tothe children at the end of long day ‘One of the things she loves about Philp Pullman's books is that they make children think, Glossary amir os a petzon who fights ina bats or war especialy Inte pes) is Dare Matera tlogy 2 zeros of hoe frtay rowley the ‘ith Pip Pulman,consatng of Norther List, the Suble Kole and The Abe Spyies, ABC HO 1 sre based 00 the tilogy wae lasted 201 d_ Did your parents use to read to you when you ‘were a child? What was your favourite children’s book? Why did you like it so much? © Part2 Now watch Part 2. Number the photos in the order she mentions them. bb Watch agnin Gelathe correct answer 1 The one big thing that she thinks makes a chile a reader is leoming to reed eadly/ finding the right book. 2 When teenagers have seen afm, t often / rarely makes them want to read the book. 3 Parents sometimes think that children should / shouldn't oad books which aro difficult. 4 Jacqyeline Wilson isan example of an author who parants/ chldron used to thnk was very good but parents / children din, 5 Jala thinks that children should/ shouldn't only ead books which are of high Iterary quality ‘Glossary {teen ambam song wih young ppl ong aly 2 Merary sgt a iter who witesina very erry style When did you learn to read? Did you read much as {a teenager? Why (not)? © Part 3 Now watch Part 3. Answer the questions. 1 Does she read print books, eBooks, or both? 2 Does she think people will read fewer books because ‘ofall the new technology? 3 Does she still ead for pleasure?b Listen again. What is she referring to ‘when she says the following things? 1 Ithink we are, ought to, sort of, stop seeing the two in polarity | thnk, you know. Everybody is going to ead both 2 'Sothe book has always been under threat from these other media. 3 ‘ha know you can do both, but mest people don't." 4 ‘ncbut as you get older i's just harder to carve out time like that, and there's always something else pressing, 5 ‘and youhave that kind of chemical moment when the story grabs you.” © Doyou read more things in print books or online? Why? 2 © LOOKING AT LANGUAGE DP Ways of giving yourself time to think Julia often gives herself time to think wen she's answering questions, cither by stopping and starting again, sometimasin a sighty diferent way, or by using filer’ sounds, eg, un and er, and certain words or phrases, ewe! Iimean, ete that don't add meaning but hich we use fortis purpose 3.27 Watch some extracts from the interview and complete the missing words or phrases. 1 "Wal, that's interesting, because if think back oi 2 ‘i thing there's a lt of, of talk about how children learn to read and all of this, but and what strategy might be best, but actually what makes 2 reader. "Wel | thnk the biggest inspiration that Int would, would ike to say agin. 4 "You take a book lke The Beach, it wasn't a book that was writen for children. 5‘ jtwasa: anthem novel almost ateen 6 ‘And what do you say about someone lke JK Rowing who is, neta ‘great iterary stylist..2 3 © THE CONVERSATION ‘a Watch the conversation, Who (E, D, of I.? © recammands one book © recommends more than one book © doesn't recommend a specific book Watch again, Answer the questions with A (Harry Potter), B (The Diving Bell and the Butterfly), or C (Everything | Know About Love) Which book... 1. © did Emma tell lots of friends to read 2 has ida never heard of 3 ien'tvery long 4 has David never read 5. © does da think has influenced people from all over the world 6 © Is about the author’ life and upbringing 7. © was David both moved and uplifted by 8 does Emma think sounds good because you lean from other people's experiancos 9. Issetin the present day ‘€ Have you read any of the books they mention? If no, did what they say make you want to read them? Is there a book you think everyone should read? d_ Watch an extract and@rel the vague language you hear. ‘Aco tho other options also possible? Emma {think rom, Ike ll of my frend thet are my age, we al Ten of read iewhen we were young and just becomes, "I mean Tike, everyone knows what you mean when you tak about your Hogwarts house, for example. Ida Yooh Emma Ard you just “kindof srt o lose yourself inthis fantasy. “The book that you rea as a chi stl kind of re-read it every few years anda lot of people have sad that is hep them al with, ike, ret and David Wows! Emma stuff ike that things like that. So, | think is actually quite powerlu Ida | think sso because, ike you were saying, you, you, kind off ‘ort of gre up wth i ‘@ Now have a conversation in groups of thr 1 Do you think people who read are normally more inteligent shan people wn dont? 2 Do you think that young people have problems reading long or diffe texts because ofthe kind of reading they do on soca media? Is thisa problem?