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    24 views54 pages

    Rawls TOJ Excerpts

    Uploaded by

    owen reinhart

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 54
    A THEORY OF JUSTICE ORIGINAL EDITION JOHN RAWLS LONDON, ENGLAND, CHAPTER I. JUSTICE AS FAIRNESS fies imposed on afew are outweighed by the larger tages esioyed by many. Therefore in a Event {wih to lngie wt {them are sound, td bow hy canbe econted for To hs tna tisneenay to workout a theory fuse te beg by om he prices of rice. Let sso, of anor. self-sufficient association of tons © one another resogie cen les pose further that these eules speci a sytem of 20- ‘peraton designed to advance the good of those taking part in ‘Then, although a scity ‘entre for mutdal advan- las by an identity of ess since social cooperaton — trbutive shares. These principles are he ey provide a way OF assigning vehts ona of city and they define the appropriate distribution of the benefits. and burdens of social o- "Now let us say that society is well-ordered when it isnot oaly ‘ 1, The Roe of ance to advance the good of is members but when itis also regulated bya public conception of jus & in which tutions generally satty and are generally Principles In this case while men may pul ‘on one another, they nevertheless acknowledge 4 common ec elaims may be adjudicated. If me's incling- interest makes their vigllance against one another neces- akes thle secure association fo th disparate ams and parposes Jad uj ayn dpa Net tenga boul detach fam of he characteristic st of principles and for determining what they take the benef and Burdens of social 'o think ofthe concep of jatice of juste and as being specified by the role which these diferent set of principles, thts Aierent caneptions have in coms hts and seen competing claims to thea lite, Men can agzee to thie description of just notions of an arbitrary distinction and of ‘open for cach t0 of ose that he accept. Th es and diferences among per m HLA. Ha, The Coney of Law (Oxo, The Cendon ests Interpret asconding 10th Principles single ot which si 5 onic Fairness fons are relevant in determining right and duties and they specify hich division of advantages appro Smportant questions. 1 simply help to dent es of social justice ‘Some measure of agreement in conceptions of Tor a vile tin, efciency. be fied together stand resentment corrode the ties of to actin ways they beng the most ruethat, ther things equa, to another when its broader tions for even though important virtue oi ‘one conception of justice ix prefer consequences are more desirable 2. The Subject of nice 2. THE SUBJECT OF JUSTICE Many diferent kinds of things are said to be Just end unjust: not only lam, institutions, and socal syrems, but algo particule ston of many Kinds, including decisions, judgments and imputations. We ko cll the attudes and dispositions of persons, and persons them. selves, ust and unjust. Our topic, however, fr that of social jostice Forus the of juste isthe basi stuctre of society, advantages from Stand the pol arrangements. Thus the legal protection of freedom of thought and liberty of conscience, competitive markets, private property in the ‘means of production, and the monogamous family ee examples of sociainsttions Taken together as one scheme, the major ions a is and dates and influent their le ost of life determined, in part, by the ‘economic and social Society favor certain starting places oer others, These are especially tae they pervasive, but they affect mens fe; yet they canmoe possibly be jesied by an the main elements of the economic justice of social scheme depends esentialy on how fundamental tights and duties are assigned anc on the economic opportuites and social evarous sectors of din to ways. Fst of al ofthe problem of justice. T fons and social practies general 7 ase ss Fees 2. The Subet of Susie compliance theory are the pre the things that we are faced with in eveyday i epi with Seal theory ‘oovides, Theieve, the only basis forthe systematic gras ofthese mete pressing problems. The discussion of civil disobedience, for etampl, depends upon it (88 55-59), can be gained inno esol just sity Now nd urgent point to Keepin mind sc stucture is worth having \d nt be dismised because ts principles are noteveryheresatifactary. standard whereby the distributive axpets of the to beasts, This standard, ho and purposes of socal coopevation are to be under ‘ood, The various cone istic Fairness nce between competing conception of justice asa Set of related principles for Ment ing the relevant considerations which dete ice a but one part ofa soil idea, al= shall propose no everyay of ordinary meanings ‘ase ‘of socey. Tas ‘theory must include principles for thi fundamental pr that these principles, whatever they are consis i doctrine of justice. The concept ot justice I take tobe defined, then, bythe role ofits principles in asgning rights and duties and in deiing the advantages. conception of justice for oneself by seizing what ard his ofc, and te Tike, or by denying a person that whichis due to him, the ftinent of a promise the repayment of a debt ing of prope respect, and so on.> It evident that this 10 actions, and persons are thought ‘Arh tha Thay (Oted. Te Chena Pod) ch 0 3. Main Tea of he They Acistote woul disagree with this, and certainly he has & of socal jase to account for here clin. The defi designed 19 apy i por the basic structure. There i n0 cont with form of govern sent. Rather, the uid of justice for he Basi struct orginal agreement. ‘They are the principles tat fee and rational persons concerned to further ther own interests would acceptin aa i quality a5 defining the fundamer Principles are to ego Kinds of sci imagize th tion choose together, none Tas as exch person must decide by cational reflection what consiute his ocd, hats, the system of ends which oun of Moa ado ates fre), Sv al 19 we 4 fof equal ibety, assuming forthe presen Ihasasoltia, determines the Its understood as purely hypoth {to lead to certain conception features of this situation i tat no one knows his place in society, fis class position a social status, nor does anyone Know bis fort Jn the dbtribation of 1 parties do not Know ther conceptions ofthe good or their special psychological s. The principles of justice are chosen behind ve by the outcome of nat nee. Since alae sin favor his fate the result of design pr tion, the principles ot ‘agreement or bargain. For glen the eicumstances of the origina) pesiiom, the ions to ach other, this nil situation ‘ati, a5 rational be= 8, Main I ofthe Tory {

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