CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL, CATIBREAN ADVANCED PROFICLENCY EXAMINATION: ENVINONMENTAL SCIENCE, UNIT 2~ Paper ot Thou 30 minutes READ TILE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY, {+ Th testconsiss oF 45 tems. You wi ave 1 hour and 30 mines to answer them. + Imadion to his tet booklet, you should have an ansver shot, * Perot cone atthe answer set provides ques fr more answers than thete are items in hi est, 4. Eachitemin thistesthas fours answers lettered (A), (2), (C),(D), Read each item YoU are about to enswer and decide which choles na, * Sheena nent ney deta seolen Spr prise ner cae a wy ®06@ Oncae oe omens ‘The Dest answer to this itm is “Yubidity" so (D) hasbeen shaded & yee wane chang youransve, cas i completely bere you fil n Your new choice, 7 [en youre ld beat the pgs and werk as icky and ge atfilly as you an, “Toeucanot answer en, g0 00 fo thenext one Youmnay sence ee Youmay se 2 silent non programe calelator to answer item DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO Do so, Copyright ©2016 Caribbean Examinat All cights reserved ‘ELENARint Ramdico S06 1. Whichofthe folowinghasthe GREATEST permeability? A chy @) Hons (©) Loam (D) Sand 2. Which of the following are features of subsistence fami? Slash and bum Domestic labour force ML Primitive tos (A) Land only (®) Landi only (© tandttonly ©) Aland 3. The use of inorganic fertilizers causes ‘environmental problems because they (A) a quichly leached ut ofthe soil by rain (B) _arestoweracting ond longer esting (©) domnotprovidethe soil with humus () have variable composition 4 Which oF the folowing is NOT asocited ith organi farming? (A) Crop rotation B) —Seilsalinization (©) High-yield polyculture (©) Biological pest contol 02220010/CAPE 2016 Ud 5S. Whiet oF the folowing isan important Feature ofecologicalinerityinthepraction of sustainable agriculture? (A) Farmers produce enough for sett ‘suffiieney. (B) Resources are distributed to meet the basie needs ofall comity members, (©) Resoures reuse ina manner to minimize the loss of muteents, energy and biomass, (D) The yield ofthe produce justifies the inputs, 6 A DISADVANTAGE of adding orzan eniliers to soils i thatthe (A) soil structure is improved (B) —nutiens are leased sloy (©) leaching of autrents is eased (©) waerholding capacity increases Mem 2 refers tothe following table which shows the contributions ta GDP by three Sectors in several Caribbean counties, [ Country | Agricuttare Industry [Services ce" eo nga — 4 [ig Bututor | 6 —} 1s -] Domine | —1g——| “33 | Genais | 3 [as st as [0-3 fnnwian [3 —[ 35} - ee |r eseea In whieh three counties does agriculture have the HIGHEST contribution o CDP? (A) Haid, omaica, Grenada (8) Barbados, Dominien, (©) Barbados, Anguilla, a (©) Trinidad and Tobago, Ang Dominica GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,$8. Which ofthe following is MOST kel he sleet result of ack of genetic diversity he 8 food rop suchas corn? (A) Decreased kernel size (B) Decreased pote yield (© tnereased suscepibitty to plat ddisenes (©) Increased dependence on chemi renee 9. Land space is becoming less available for saricultur, Togeinhighyielsin relatively smal areas, farmers should practise (A) imtensive farming (B) extensive farming (©) oman farming (©) subsistence farming 10. Which ofthe following are advantages of using technology in agriculture? |. Production intease |, Increase in eutophication "WL Increased varieties W Landitonty (@) Land tt only ©) Mand itt only (©) iuaaut 4. 1, ‘which shows commercial fe eferto the following diagram ‘The structure lbetied A represcats @ ) © ©) digester an insulator respirator ‘an incubator River will MOSTikely show high vets of “ ® © ©) toxins silphates ceahonates, R.LemnDEd GO ON TO THE NEXT PACE4 Cape the Flowing raph which shows ngrictnal podeon on fm in the “Caribbean Crop grown wit organic Tevtzer crop geome wit artnet Teter 1975 1980 18S 1990 1985 Zoho ‘Time Gear) 15. _Imwhich yee es production GREATEST forthe crop grown with artificial (a) 1985 @) 1390 ©) 1995 ©) 2000 Wit tea lowing eraph hich shows how sed production in plant species varied ‘With population density ina fagmented habitat, ane Loy Mh Seed production Population density M4 Inefngment habit, seed potions GREATEST with a population density thats bw B) igh © average (©) fay high R. Rem Ded GOON TO THE NEXT PAGE 0220010/CAPE 2016te Sreferstothe ess illustratedinthe fotlowing heme. Theres wereobuained by students investigating the components of 4 500-graim sample of soil taken four diferent locations 1,1, and IV. 10, oy Proportion o¢ each componeat 0 Tan Location v 15. Whatis the percentage of sand inthe sit sample a Location If? “0 @ 20 © 7 ©) 9% 416. Which ofthe following “potntiacneiey"? (A) Abody in motion (®) A Buorescent bull (©) A.windil in motion (0) Abody due tits pasion v, 19. 2, 2. Which ofthe following primary encisy soureescanberepardedasnontmnenabiey (A) Solarenergy (B) Geothermal enersy (©) Ocean thermal energy (©) Nuclear sion and fusion A photovotaic eel convents ti Aiecty to (A) heat energy kinetic energy (©) chectial enemy (D) potenti cnenty Cogencration and combined cycles are ‘methods of improving energy (A) efficiency (B) conversion © utilization ©) consumption Which ofthe Following are limiting factors inthe supply of energy within aCaibhece country? |. Topography of communities 1. Avaitability oF fossil fuels NK Time ofthe yeur (A) Fand tt only (®) Land it only (©) Wand tt only ©) ttand Which ofthe following is LEAST likely beafactoratfectingenergy use andsupply? (A) Reliability of supply (8) Individuat householders (©) Geogeaphical restrictions (©) Technological imitations RR od 00 ON TO THE NEXT Pane22. Which of the following does NOT ‘Mem25 refersto th following graph which contribute 9 an increase in energy shows the chaige in oil prodition and eflcieney? lemand overs peti of tne, (A) Increasing the number of people Using public transpart in Caribbems countries Prodveton ®) Increasing the number of Demand households using only compact fiuoresent bulbs (©) Manufacturing refrigerators that consume ess energy than those manufactured in the pat (©) The use ofheavier materials inthe im Bee "manuaeturing of motor vehicles ‘ine ers) 25, Acwhatpointistheprve ofoil key tobe 23. Anineandescetlightbulbuted orlghing HIGHEST? has an efficiency rating of 5 par cont For every 1.00 joule of electric! energy wa consumed by this bulb, how much lige ® 2 ‘energy is produced? © c © od (A) 0.08 joute (B) — 0.50jeue © 1.00jule ©) Losjoules 24. Which ofthe following are the benefits of Duilng ange dams an reservois? 1. Production of cheap electric IH. Recreation and swimming NL Reduction downstream ooding (A) Land at only (B) and it only (©) ana tt only ©) a, tand it R-Ramoed GOON TO THE NEXT pane7 sal desceagaats lowing gue which shows pr capita energy consumption in developed and developing counties in a ceain year 26. Which ote following counties se MOST ikely tobe P,Q, T+ QTR 5 (4) [Canta [Mexico India [Unie Sms (6) |Canata [india [Mexico [United Stes (©) [United states [Mexico [canada | nin (0) [United states [Canada | exico [india 27, Which energy source BEST en 28 refers tothe following graph which following characterises? shows eneray consumption in county 1st conte prom 1 sy hme tis 1 econ g tote ued 1H. tmaslecotmon, | i i IN. Production of energy is non- polluting (A) Wind 20 (B) Geothermal (©) Hydeopower 10 (D) Direct solar Rand $ respectively? Np LIP? 28. How much more energy i lized by indy tan agra? «mw ® sow © 7omw RPA od ©) s0mw G0.0N TO THE NEXT PAGE Actin8. natral acti flowing abe whch shows the yeneton costo elt rodaced fom ‘natural resources for several Caibioan sountens [ come [Sea Cost of Electricity] (cents per kilowatt hour) “Winided 5 Batbados 25 Guyana 30 Jamaica 20 Avigua 40 2% Which ote following expos why Tinid asthe lowest generation cost? (A) Technology is available, (8) The economy is booming (©) Readiy availabe source of energy. (D) _Electiity generation is subsidized lusteate the use of various energy sources in four ‘Mem 30 refers othe following figures which sountes, fT and IV. foc Gentermal m wv 30. Whioh county is MOST likely to produce longslved hazardous waste? mot @ 1 © om Rem oD ow R | Gn ONIN Tue New nine3. Whichof tie folowing isansirpotiaant? 36 A) Nitrate (®) Carbon dioxide (©) Nitrogen oxide () —Steatespherie ozone 32. Whichofthe followingisNOTaparame ‘sc to monitor water quality? (A) Biological oxygen demand (8) Chemical oxygen demand (©) Mas pe unit volume of tiguid (©) Tata suspended solids 37 33. Which of the flowing metals is NOT ‘considered tobe a toxic pollutant? (A) Cadmium ®) Lead (©) Mereury (D) Pott 34. Which intemstional negotiation resuted inanagresment to phase ou chloroflooro: exrbon production? (A) Basel Convention (®) Monten! Protocol (©) Cartagena Convention (D) Climate Change Convention 35, The persistence of polttant is relate to its ability to (A) move though soil (B) be removed fom sit (©) remaininthesil without breaking down (©) breakdown and remain in soit Photochemical smog is Fnned when (A) trogen oxides reset with vote organic compounds in the presence of het and sunlight ()—hitcogen oxides rect with voile organic compounds and aldehydes (©) nitrogen oxides snd sulphur exes ‘are exposed to sunight energy () ozone reacts with peronyaeol nitates Which of the following ive sustainable ‘methods of reeling? 1. The conversion of pusic beverage ‘ontanersinto polyethene shouts Th. ‘The ase of emp plastic beverage ‘containers for growing crops ML, ‘Thecombustion of plastic beverage containers to produce fie! Tony ®) Monty (©) Land only ©) ied GOON TO THE NEXT pane,Datura sions Inde Biot poot Weathering Ae apt 38. The organisms at A are (A) polyps (B) —decomposers (©) phrytopanktons (©) secondary consumers 38 Which ofthe allowing are eects ofan ol pl? |. _ebibits the abit of aqutie bids to find food U1. Reduces the ability of aqui ints tot 1M. Increase in biochemical oxypen desea (A) Land tonty (®) Landi only (© tanditonly (©) A tanditttt fe the following expernest which wns conducted to Westgate the effect of oF thar one vel of aso (aban pales) in thea, Poe ea en chosen: the deep css the dire! rads an en inte oa ‘atonal park, The ‘esernion and ate density of ech locaton ae shown ne ‘Tale Density i Description of Location (cars per hour) fq [ Aimajorhighva 750, TA uta raat 120) HL Arua, noe ad | TV. Mie 0 tl Ying of sic though iter at exch locaton, Iwas ‘sumed that he dark colour on the iter ws duc tothe seo rn snc ction: vas wed as contol The tae of ach te ater te experiments shown, inthe diagrams, I and 1V respectively, 40, (A) increases as traffic density decreases (8) inctenses a5 atic density increas (©) decreases asthe tafe density increases (0) has no relationship wit the wae density ‘1+ Whih of he lowing are posible somes of emer in ths expeinent? 1. Incomes use of tear collection instrument, i, Bern edad by other sores besies vehicles, far example, res IM Backcolouron filter could be deo other things eid co (A) Land only ®) Land only © and only (©) Wllandint | R Ramo GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGEepalaton *) Density of ‘honds (A) nereass sharply ater the sh (B) Decreases fem 400 (© Decreases signifennty (D) Decreases signicantly ashe ee EERE ger oth ephbclow which shows howthe {lssolved oxygen concentration ina river ‘ares with ime andthe ects aera polar one ‘secidenally intoduced into the ance Vissi Time (tay) wos m3 oO 4 © 9Ozone cotcentration (arts per ating) 1953196096879 1975 Dog Year 1955 159019952000 4 "HEA tenet about fon conention BEST desis spp (A) Generally increased over the period (8) Generaly decreased over the pred (©) Flctated drastically over tnd pee (©) Remained ficy constant overt ptiod BR PAmoed4s, “4 agers ie lagram which sows the nmi mean concenttion of price ‘mater in aoe tes. Bates 3 = su Paty Le ze 5 om i” a ty sant Lt] Pe eee nee rent a iterenee in ng between Caluta's annual mean concentration andthe WHO air ‘ality standard? (a) 150 @) 200 250 ©) 300 END oF TEST. IFYOU FINISH BEFORE TIME 1S CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST. R-Rermped