PHYSICS FORMULA SHEET

Vectors are indicated by arrows. If only the magnitude of a vector quantity is used, the arrow is not used.

Symbols of common quantities

G G
acceleration a force F magnetic flux Φ time t
G
charge q frequency f mass m velocity v
G G
displacement s kinetic energy EK momentum p wavelength 
electric current I length l period T
G
electromotive force emf magnetic field B potential difference ΔV

Magnitude of physical constants

acceleration due to gravity

at the Earth’s surface
constant of universal
gravitation
speed of light in a vacuum
Coulomb’s Law constant
constant for the magnetic
field around a conductor
g9.80 m s–2
Planck’s constant h6.63  10–34 J s
charge of the electron e1.60  10–19 C
G6.67  10–11 N m2 kg–2
mass of the electron me9.11  10–31 kg
c3.00  108 m s–1
mass of the proton mp1.67  10–27 kg
1
9.00  109 N m2 C 2
–
4SH 0 mass of Earth 5.97  1024 kg
P0
2.00  10 7 T m A 1
– –
mean radius of Earth 6.37  106 m
2S

Topic 1: Motion and relativity

G
G G G v velocity at time t 2S r
v = v0 + at G v=
v0velocity at time 0 T
G
G G G G F G
s = v0 t + 1 at 2 g g gravitational field strength
2
m
m1m2
v 2 = v02 + 2as F =G rdistance between masses m1 and m2
r2
vH = v cos T GM Mmass of object orbited by satellite
angle to horizontal v=
vV v sin T r rradius of orbit

 mv  4S 2 3
EK

T2 r
GM

G 1
G 'v J
a v2 Lorentz factor
't 1
c2
G G t J t0 t0time interval in the moving frame of
F = ma reference

G ' pG l0 l0length in the moving object’s frame

F= l
't J of reference

G G
p = mv p J m0 v m0mass in the frame of reference
where the object is stationary

v2 rradius of circle
a= r

This formula sheet will be provided in Physics examinations from November 2019.
Topic 2: Electricity and magnetism

G
1 q1q2 rdistance between T = angle between field B and
F= F = qvB sin T G
4 SH 0 r 2 charges q1 and q2 velocity v
G
G F G mv
E= q E electric field r= rradius of circle
qB

1 q 2S m
E= rdistance from charge T=
4 SH 0 r 2 qB

W = q'V q2 B2r 2 rradius at which ions emerge

Wwork done EK
2m from cyclotron

'V ddistance between Aarea perpendicular to the

E= ) BAA
d parallel plates magnetic field
JG
G qE ')
a emf
m 't

P0 I 1' )
B rdistance from conductor emf N number of conducting loops
2S r 't
G
T = angle between field B and Vp Np Vpotential difference in
F IlB VLQ T G
current element Il Vs Ns transformer coils

Topic 3: Light and atoms

Wwork function of the metal

v fO W = hf 0
f0threshold frequency

ddistance between slits EK max maximum kinetic energy

d sin m  angular position of mth maximum EK max eVs of electrons
minteger (0, 1, 2, …) Vsstopping voltage

' ydistance between adjacent

OL EK max hf  W
'y minima or maxima
d
Lslit-to-screen distance
e'V 'V potential difference across
Ehf Eenergy of photon f max =
h the X-ray tube

h
p= E ' mc 2 Eenergy
O

Table of prefixes Quarks

Prefix Symbol Value Quark Symbol Charge (e)

tera T 1012 Up u 23
giga G 109 –1
mega M 106 Down d 3
–1
kilo k 103 Strange s 3
centi c 102 Charm c 23
milli m 103
Top t 23
micro  106
nano n 109 Bottom b –1
3
pico p 1012
femto f 1015