Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Additional Drug List Medical Year 3, 2015-1026

CORE ADVANCE
13. PHARMACOKINETICS
13.1. Drug ADME I, II, III Paracetamol (Acetaminophen)

14. DRUG ACTION ON THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

14.1. Drug actions in the autonomic nervous system I

Muscarinic receptor agonists Acetylcholine, pilocarpine Carbachol, methacholine, bethanecol,
Muscarinic receptor antagonists Atropine, hyoscine (scopolamine) Tropicamide, homatropine,
ipratropium, tiotropium, pirenzepine,
hyoscine-N-butyl bromide
Nicotinic receptor agonists Nicotine Acetylcholine

Ganglion blockers Hexamethonium Trimetaphan

Drugs that inhibit acetylcholine release Botulinum toxin -bungarotoxin
Short-duration anticholinesterase Edrophonium
Medium-duration anticholinesterases Neostigmine Physostigmine
Long-duration anticholinesterases Dyflos Ecothiopate
Cholinesterase reactivators Pralidoxime Obidoxime

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14.2. Drug actions in the autonomic nervous system II
Adrenoceptor agonists Noradrenaline (1, 2, 1) , adrenaline (1, 2,
1, 2), isoprenaline (1, 2)
1-adrenoceptor agonist Phenylephrine

2-adrenoceptor agonist Clonidine

1-adrenoceptor agonist Dobutamine
2-adrenoceptor agonists Terbutaline, salbutamol Ritodrine, salmeterol, formoterol

1-adrenoceptor antagonists Phentolamine , phenoxybenzamine Terazosin, prazosin, tamsulosin

2-adrenoceptor antagonist Yohimbine
-adrenoceptor antagonists Propranolol (1, 2), atenolol (1 >2) Metoprolol, celiprolol, carvedilol
Adrenergic neurone blocking drugs Guanethidine Bretylium, reserpine, clonidine, -
methyl-DOPA
Indirectly acting sympathomimetics Tyramine Amphetamine, ephedrine
Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors Cocaine Imipramine, phenoxybenzamine

15. DRUG ACTION ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

15.1. & 15.2 Drugs used in cardiovascular diseases
Intermittent Claudication Pentoxifylline; naftidrofuryl, cilostazol
Cardiac Arrest Ephedrine; noradrenaline; phenylephrine
Septic Shock Dopamine; dobutamine
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Adrenaline; atropine
Formation of Blood Clots Aprotinin

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Pheochromocytoma Phenoxybenzamine

15.3. Pharmacology I: Anti-arrhythmic drugs

Drugs for treating cardiac arrhythmias
Class I: Na+ channel block Disopyramide, flecainide Mexiletine, procainamide, quinidine

Class II: β-Adrenoceptor block Atenolol Metoprolol, bisoprolol, carvedilol,

nadolol, propranolol
+
Class III: Lengthening of refractoriness (without Na Sotalol, amiodarone
channel block)
Class IV: Ca2+ channel block Verapamil
Others Digoxin, adenosine, bretylium

15.4. Pharmacology II: Anti-hypertensive drugs

Drugs for treating hypertension
Diuretics
-adrenoceptor (-AR) blockers
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Angiotensin receptor (AR) antagonists
2+
Ca channel blockers
-Adrenoceptor (-AR) blockers
Direct acting vasodilators
Hydrochlorothiazide, frusemide, amiloride Indapamide, metolazone, bumetanide,
spironolactone
Atenolol, metoprolol Bisoprolol, propranolol, carvedilol
Ramipril, lisinopril Captopril, enalapril, perindopril
Losartan, candesartan Irbesartan, telmisartan, valsartan
Amlodipine, diltiazem Felodipine, nifedipine, nimodipine
Phentolamine, prazosin, terazosin
Hydralazine, sodium nitroprusside

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15.5. Pharmacology III: Drugs for ischaemic heart disease
Lipid Regulating Drugs Simvastatin, gemfibrozil, nicotinic acid Atorvastatin, rosuvastatin
Anti-platelet drugs Aspirin Clopidogrel
Anti-coagulants Warfarin, nadroparin Dabigatran, rivaroxaban
Thrombolytic drugs Streptokinase, urokinase
-adrenoceptor blocker Propranolol
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor Ramipril, lisinopril
Nitrates Glyceryl trinitrate; isosorbide mononitrate
Ca2+ channel blockers Verapamil, nifedipine, amlodipine
Metabolic modulator Trimetazidine

16. DRUGS AND GUT

16.1 Overview of drugs acting on the GI tract I
Control of acid secretion
Pathways and receptor targets modulating acid Betazole, pentagastrin Histamine, gastrin, acetylcholine
secretion/mucous secretion Prostanoids
Causes of ulcer Indomethacin, dexamethasone H. pylori
Ulcer treatment
Antacids Aluminium hydroxide, sucralfate, Sodium bicarbonate
carbenoxolone
Prostaglandin Misoprostol
Anti-muscarinic Pirenzepine
Anti-histamines Ranitidine Famotidine
Proton pump inhibitor Omeprazole Pantoprazole

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 Triple therapy Omeprazole, ranitidine bismuth citrate, Metronidazole
amoxicillin, clarithromycin

16.2. Overview of drugs acting on the GI tract II

GERD
Prokinietic drugs Metoclopramide, domperidone, erythromycin, Cisapride, bethanechol
prucalopride
Drugs causing constipation Atropine Clonidine
Drugs to facilitate defecation: bulk/osmotic/stimulant Bassorin, MgSO4, lactulose, bisacodyl Methylcellulose
Laxatives
Anti-diarrhoeal drugs, Loperamide, diphenoxylate, kaolin, bismuth Hydration

16.3. Antiemetics
Drugs used to induce emesis for emergency purposes: Apomorphine, ipecacuanha
Drugs used to prevent nausea and emesis: Metoclopramine, domoperidone, Haloperidol
Dopamine receptor antagonist (different classes) chlorpromazine, droperidol
Antihistamine Cyclizine, promethazine Cinnarizine
Antimuscarinic Scopolamine
5-HT3 receptor antagonist Ondansetron, palonosetron Granisetron
NK1 receptor antagonists Aprepitant Netupitant
Other agents Dexamethasone in combination with other Nabilone
drugs

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Notes: Core column are drugs that are representative of the group and students are expected to name and have thorough understanding of their detail
pharmacology.
Advance column are drugs that are clinically used from the group and students are expected to recognize and describe any significant differences
from the representative drug(s) in the core column.