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AGRICULTURE

Guide for Mushroom Cultivation in India – Process &

Growth
ADMIN
JANUARY 30, 2021
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Mushroom farming is basically the business of growing fungi. Nowadays, mushroom cultivation is the
most productive and profitable business in India. It is getting popular gradually in India because, in a
short time, it converts farmers’ hard work into profit. Farmers use mushroom cultivation is a process in
India as an alternate source of money. Mushrooms are tasty to eat. You can add it to your soup,
vegetables, stews, and can top it on your favourite pizza.

Mushroom production in India is mainly done in Uttar Pradesh,  Kerala and Tripura. Mushrooms are not
only delicious in taste, it has many other qualities that include proteins, fibers, potassium, copper, zinc,
selenium, magnesium, and cancer-fighting nutrients.

Do you know how to start mushroom farming in India? The mushroom cultivation process is the easiest.
In the mushroom farming business, you can earn more profit with less investment. We here come with
the most popular topic of Mushroom harvesting in India. This blog provides you with fully detailed
knowledge regarding mushrooms. Let’s jump on to the topic. 

Types of Mushroom Cultivation in India 

Three major types of mushroom harvest are Button mushroom, oyster mushroom, and the third one is
paddy straw mushrooms. These Mushrooms have separate importance and grow in different styles by
using unique techniques and methods. To grow mushrooms, a special bed is prepared that is called a
compost bed. 

Do you know how to grow mushrooms? If not, then you are in the right place. You can easily grow
mushrooms. It is the best way to earn profit as the cost of mushroom cultivation in India is too low. We
are here showing you all the details regarding the stages of mushroom growth. Let’s know all the
information about it and increase your income by producing mushrooms. 

How to Do Mushroom Harvesting in India?

At present, mushroom harvesting is the most profitable business idea. This practice is spreading all over
India rapidly. Mainly among the new generation farmers who want to earn more profit in less time. You
can find out below easy steps to harvest mushrooms in India. Check out below.  

1. Button Mushroom

Following we are presenting the process to grow button mushrooms. Let’s check out below. 

Making Compost
Making compost is the first step in growing button mushrooms. This process is done in the open. Button
mushrooms are grown on clean platforms made from concrete. Compost prepared in 2 types which
given below, 

(a). Natural Compost

Natural compost is the things which come from nature. Some natural compost is wheat straw, horse
dunk, gypsum and poultry manure used for making compost for button mushrooms. Blend all the
elements well and spread them well on the compost yard. After this, spray water on prepared compost
to wet it. 

(b). Synthetic Compost

We required urea, gypsum, bran, wheat straw, and ammonium nitrate/ ammonium sulphate for synthetic
compost. In this process, firstly cut the staw about 8-20 cm in length. Now spread an equally fine layer of
cut straws on the compost and spray water on it. Now you have to mix all the things well that are
calcium nitrate, urea, gypsum and bran. 

Fill the Compost in Tray 

At the time of preparation, the colour of compost turned dark brown. Always the compost should not be
too wet or dry at times when we are spreading it on the tray. If the compost is dry, then spread a little
amount of water on it. The compost try must be made of soft wood, and it is best to use a tray 15 to 18
cm deep. Otherwise, use the tray according to your comfort. 

Spawning

The next step in the process of growing button mushroom is Spawning. It is the process of sowing
mycelium into the beds. There are 2 ways to spawn: 1st is you have to spread compost on the tray bed,
and the other one is blending mycelium with compost before spreading on the tray. You have to cover
the tray with the newspaper after sprinkling the water and spawning that maintains moisture in the tray.  

Casing

Now, you have to cover the tray with a thick layer of soil. You can make this soil by blending garden soil
and rotten cow dung. This soil is known as casing soil. This casing soil has a good water holding
capacity. 

Harvesting Mushrooms

The next step in button mushroom farming is harvesting. After 15 to 20 days of casing and 35 to 40
days of spawning, mushrooms’ pinheads start appearing. Now, you have to hold the head firmly and
twist it softly from the soil. 

Finally, it is not advisable to store mushrooms in the refrigerator for more than 3 to 4 days. Use a moist
towel to cover mushrooms that make them long lasting. 

2. Oyster mushroom

Oyster mushroom is super tasty to eat, and it has the simplest production process. This type of
mushroom does not require conditions like button mushrooms. And, oyster mushroom consists less of
fat that is why oyster mushroom is suggested by doctors to diabetic and blood pressure patients. 

Following we are showing the process of growing oyster mushroom farming in India. Let’s have a look.

Process of Substrate 

You can produce Oyster mushrooms with minimum effort as compared to button mushrooms. To grow
oyster mushrooms, you can use banana tree wastes, paper waste, cotton waste, and paper waste. You
can grow oyster mushrooms in rectangular blocks and polythene bags. 

(a). Rectangular blocks

Take a rectangular block of the wooden frame without base and with the help of a polythene sheet, make
a base by laying down a thin bed of paddy straw. Remember that it should be wet. Now, spread spawns
on all over it, add another thin sheet of paddy straw to it. Redo this same process 3 to 4 times with a
paddy straw layer on the top. 

(b). Polythene bags

Now, you have to cut paddy straws in tiny pieces and properly wet pieces with water. The excess water
will separate from the straw and put it in a polythene bag consisting of small holes for air circulation.
And last, blend the spawn with paddy straw in 0.2:6 ratio. 

Process of Spawning  

After 10 to 12 days, you find out the appearance of small buds and straw gets locked in itself. Now, this
is the best time to remove the polythene and put on shelves. You have to water on that twice in a day. 

At last, will follow the same process as button mushrooms for harvesting and storing the oyster
mushrooms. 

3. Paddy Straw Mushrooms

Paddy Straw Mushrooms are the most popular mushrooms eaten in the world. It is mostly grown in
south-east Asia. It is the most profitable activity among all the types, to grow paddy straw mushrooms
you required less investment.  Paddy straw mushrooms are called straw mushrooms. Check out below
paddy straw mushroom cultivation procedure. 

Spawning

To grow mushroom farming, you have to soaked paddy straws. When they are fully spawned, they are
called straw spawn.  

Bedding 

Now, you have to prepare a strong base of bricks and soil strong enough to hold all the weight. Place
eight bunches of straws with four on each side and spread spawns on the edges of straws. Now, redo
these steps continuously. 

Mushrooming

In about 15 to 16 days, mushrooms start appearing. At last, follow the same process for storing the
mushrooms. 

What is the Cost of Mushroom Cultivation in India? 

Nowadays, mushroom industries in India are growing rapidly in terms of market value, demand and
beneficial effects. Many young farmers want to grow mushrooms and the main query related to
mushroom farming is ‘what is the cost required to grow mushroom cultivation?’. Here, we have an
estimated answer to this question. 

The total cost of mushroom cultivation in India is approx Rs. 1,50,000. That includes Scrap Wooden
Shelves (Rs. 20,000), Cost of Construction for rooms (Rs. 1,25,000), and other Miscellaneous Cost (Rs.
5000). 

Mushroom Farming Training in India

Want to start a mushroom business in india?

At present, the government is focusing on Indian agriculture, and they provide training to farmers for
better and effective productivity. Joining mushroom cultivation training by government is the best
opportunity if you are interested in Mushroom farming. With that, in this tech-savvy world, you can take
mushroom cultivation training online, which is the easiest way to learn.  

These are all about Mushroom farming in India and possess to grow different types of mushroom. In
last, we show from where to take Mushroom Farming Training. I hope you got all the detailed
information regarding mushroom farming in India. Now, you can easily grow mushrooms and earn a lot
of profit. For more information, stay connected with TractorJunction.

FAQ on Mushroom Cultivation

Ques. What is the process of mushroom cultivation?

Ans. You can get a complete guide for mushroom cultivation from this blog.

Ques. How many days mushroom grow?

Ans. Farmers harvest mushrooms for 35 days to 42 days, and some for 60 days, and can do it for 150
days.

Ques. What is mushroom cultivation called?

Ans. Mushroom cultivation is called Fungiculture.

Ques. Is mushroom cultivation profitable?

Ans. Mushroom cultivation is the most profitable business in the agribusiness.

Ques. Which is the most expensive mushroom?

Ans. European white truffle is the most expensive mushroom.

Ques. How much land is required for mushroom farming?

Ans. In around one square meter of mycelium, you can grow 30 kg of mushrooms. In short, a room with
560 m2 can grow about 17 tons of mushrooms.

Ques. Is Mushroom good for health?

Ans. Yes, mushrooms are good for health. It contains fibre, antioxidants and proteins.

Ques. Can I eat mushroom raw?

Ans. Yes, you can eat mushroom raw.

Ques. Can a mushroom grow overnight?

Ans. Warm and damp temperature can lead the mushroom to grow overnight.
Ques. Is a mushroom a Veg or non veg?

Ans. Mushrooms don’t have leaves, seeds or roots and they don’t need light to grow. So, mushrooms are
not a true vegetable.

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