ECOLOGY

ECOLOGY – S5
STRUCTURE – PART 1

• WEATHER

• CLIMATE

• CLIMATE CHANGE

• TERMS TO REMEMBER

ECOLOGY – S5
CLIMATE & WEATHER

CLIMATE

CONDITIONS OF THE ATMOSPHERE AT A PARTICULAR

LOCATION OVER A LONG PERIOD OF TIME.

WEATHER

THE STATE OF THE ATMOSPHERE AT A PARTICULAR

PLACE DURING A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME.

https://www.britannica.com/science/weather
ECOLOGY – S5 https://www.britannica.com/science/climate-meteorology
CLIMATE CHANGE

A PERIODIC MODIFICATION OF THE EARTH’S

CLIMATE DUE TO:

• CHANGES IN THE ATMOSPHERE

• INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE

ATMOSPHERE AND VARIOUS OTHER
GEOLOGIC, CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL,
AND GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS WITHIN THE
EARTH SYSTEM.

ECOLOGY – S5 https://www.britannica.com/science/climate-change
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

EFFECTS

• AFFECT PEOPLE’S ABILITY TO SURVIVE.

• THE ARCHITECTURE OF A PLACE IS

USUALLY CLIMATE DEPENDENT.

• LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY.

• MULTIPLE HEALTH ISSUES.

• DESERTIFICATION OF FOREST AREAS.

• IF CAUSED BY POLLUTION, CAN CAUSE

ACIDIFICATION OF ALL WATER BODIES.

• GLOBAL WARMING

ECOLOGY – S5 The Ethics of Sustainability - Kibert, et al., 2010

TERMS TO REMEMBER

• RADIATION FROM THE SUN

• WHAT HAPPENS TO THE RADIATION

• GREENHOUSE EFFECT

• GREENHOUSE GASES

• GLOBAL WARMING

ECOLOGY – S5
TERMS TO REMEMBER

WHAT HAPPENS TO THE RADIATION

RADIATION FROM THE SUN
• LARGE PORTION OF LONG WAVE,
• VISIBLE RADIATION WHICH WE CAN SEE. REFLECTED BY ATMOSPHERE.

• SHORT WAVE ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION • LARGE PORTION OF UV RADIATION

(WHICH CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE REFLECTED BY OZONE.
EYES AND SKIN).
• REMAINING LONG & SHORT RADIATION
• LONG WAVE INFRARED RADIATION ABSORBED BY THE SURFACE.
(HEAT).
• EARTH RE EMITS LONG WAVE RADIATION.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet
ECOLOGY – S5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect
TERMS TO REMEMBER

GREENHOUSE GASES
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
CARBON DIOXIDE
• GREENHOUSE GASES TRAP THE INFRARED
RADIATION EMITTED BY THE EARTH’S
METHANE
SURFACE.
NITROUS OXIDE
• THE EARTH’S SURFACE TEMPERATURE IS
RAISED HIGHER THAN ITS NATURAL
OZONE
TEMPERATURE.
WATER VAPOR

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect
ECOLOGY – S5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas
TERMS TO REMEMBER

GREENHOUSE EFFECT

ECOLOGY – S5 https://byjus.com/biology/greenhouse-effect-gases/
TERMS TO REMEMBER

GLOBAL WARMING

• THE INCREASING AVERAGE TEMPERATURE NEAR THE

EARTH’S SURFACE OVER THE PAST FEW CENTURIES.

• SCIENTIFIC DATA REQUIRED WAS COLLECTED FROM THE

FOLLOWING SOURCES:

• CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE

• PRECIPITATION

• OCEAN CURRENTS

• CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE OCEAN

ECOLOGY – S5 https://www.britannica.com/science/global-warming
TERMS TO REMEMBER

EVIDENCE FOR GLOBAL WARMING

JOHN TYNDALL

IN 1859, HE DISCOVERED THAT METHANE, CARBON

DIOXIDE & WATER VAPOUR WERE OPAQUE TO
LONG WAVE RADIATION.

ECOLOGY – S5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tyndall
TERMS TO REMEMBER

EVIDENCE FOR GLOBAL WARMING

SAVANTE ARRHENIUS

IN 1896 DISCOVERED THAT CHANGE IN LEVELS OF

CARBON DIOXIDE COULD ALTER SURFACE
TEMPERATURES. HE DEVELOPED A THEORY TO
EXPLAIN THE ICE AGES BASED ON GREENHOUSE
EFFECT.

ECOLOGY – S5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius
TERMS TO REMEMBER

EVIDENCE FOR GLOBAL WARMING

MULLIT MILANKOVIC

• PROPOSED THAT THE CHANGES IN THE AMOUNT

OF HEAT RECEIVED FROM THE SUN WERE DUE TO
THE CHANGES IN THE EARTH’S PATH AROUND THE
SUN.

• EACH OF THESE PATTERNS CHANGE IN 23000

YEARS TO 100000 YEARS, THE INTERVALS
BETWEEN GLACIAL PERIODS.

ECOLOGY – S5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milankovitch_cycles
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

EFFECTS

• AFFECT PEOPLE’S ABILITY TO SURVIVE.

• THE ARCHITECTURE OF A PLACE IS

USUALLY CLIMATE DEPENDENT.

• LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY.

• MULTIPLE HEALTH ISSUES.

• DESERTIFICATION OF FOREST AREAS.

• IF CAUSED BY POLLUTION, CAN CAUSE

ACIDIFICATION OF ALL WATER BODIES.

• GLOBAL WARMING

ECOLOGY – S5 The Ethics of Sustainability - Kibert, et al., 2010

GLOBAL WARMING

REASON FOR CONCERN

• PRODUCED DUE TO NATURAL AND MAN MADE CAUSES.

• ACCELERATES THE RATE OF CLIMATE CHANGE.

• MAN MADE CAUSES ARE USUALLY DUE TO DISCHARGE

FROM INDUSTRIES, AND AGRICULTURAL FIELDS.

• INDUSTRIAL AND AGRICULTURAL DISCHARGE LEADS TO

POLLUTION WHICH CAN RESULT IN MULTIPLE HEALTH ISSUES.

• EUTROPHICATION AND ACID RAIN ARE BYPRODUCTS.

• HUMAN ACTIVITIES SUCH AS DEFORESTATION.

• PLASTIC IN THE OCEANS.

• SINKING OF ISLANDS

ECOLOGY – S5 https://www.britannica.com/science/global-warming
 ECOLOGY

ECOLOGY – S5