Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Hawker Typhoon Tempest

    Uploaded by

    patrick690703
    350 views52 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    350 views52 pages

    Hawker Typhoon Tempest

    Uploaded by

    patrick690703

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 52
    in action uo ay a he pos Typhoon/ Te pest Typhoon/Tempest in action By Jerry Scutts Color By Don Greer Illustrated by Joe Sewell and Perry Manley Aircraft Number 102 aE. squadron/signal publications sgrassae seems uns ‘end aay ory any mean leash ose ws wi Pa yetanean phorapaf te sca, ar ‘ett, mr hem fa ‘dcop fae hy phanrchctseswiosepd ane onl el Then STS ed or nn pe Pe ed hem Sements Cay re Dedication ‘Toall Typhoon and Temp pity, past and preset Acknowledgements ‘The photoraphs ese in his book were Kindly supplied by the following onea izations and tdvidute Tool Lenend my grat thes Dick Ward Bish Aerospace Pip Jaret Impala Mum Rihewd Riding ‘Atlan Month Owen Theor Bawa” iy Thome Mishas Oakey ‘This Typhoon I of No 189 Sauneron i ut production era wth a he modiestint INTRODUCTION Daring the te 19305 and erty 194s, Bush itera designer were pushing pro- ramsaimed atdevelopinghigher powered engines lor salts) sera Te period ‘merous iqudandatrcoled powerplants reach he protoypeandtestsagesltrough ‘ele few were o actually go ino operational serie. "Nowhere mi the need forsncreasel engine power snd reliability more important ‘han nthe espn of gle seat ntecepor gh, During 1937 St Sycy Comms ir design team was crcouraped By the poten oft new imengefou inet, Tid etedenzine being developed by the Napier Company under the desgastion Save The engine promi to deer ore than 2000 honponer sing oat cor Fguraiton wit steve valve The upper and lower Ii allay tks each ha were ‘posed ylides wih thes inet ato exhaust pots along wih four pote A "Moesped spercharger, our stoke updrsught carburtr ad Coffman say were ts put ofthe engine equipment ‘Dring Apel of 1987 Haekr submited a proposal oth Air Minty fra new fightrtobe powered te Sabreengine snd armed witht Browning 303 sschine {Bin Asapecattonaganstbefllureot he Sabre program, the dsign wasabi take Jin alimatve power plan the Role Royce ulate wth few structural changes, A Hover the Sabre engine peeeype was Enon asthe TypeRand the Vltste posed wa he Type N ‘Using Havers nique sel and dural tube method of sonstrstion the two prootypes emerged at fw wing monoplanes, featuring monocoque fseage wh {ushrtetedligh alloy shining The wingshad ightanheral inthe nner wing panel nd dihedral inthe ter wing Panes igh aera slight pl wing appearance ‘The wings ature metal covers seroma splitting ope el ook nee ‘hulinto the wing eadingedge and spacious gun bay mas nstle justouboard oF the inward yeractigg lang seat Entry othe cockpit wa through 3 crt door on each side ofthe fuselage, The levator were metal covered, hough the reser wat covered i abc Tornado Bythe Fall 90 contruction ofthe Type R prooirewe sheer thenpeN po ope beans of lays wih every of he Sableengite Avani the Ral alte povere aera ered P38) was th is fy and was pve the name Torna zy Competed st awher'smain aly at Kingston Suey. Tornado protoype mas spojed rata Langley Aerodrome ot Bochnghams There Pha Lacs se ‘cPrexpenmental ex plow oktfonismaden igh on Octobe 195:The Tornado see dire rom the ype K prone (ow named the Typhoon primary a Tein the ator meuned under thewing centr ecton marth Hurmcane ‘The Tornado ao leatred wo rows of exh saison each see th cowtng ‘was lite ionic tutte Rol oyee ute engine pve compart ile trouble wher isa in he Terao ger ~in conan src he pome Plant ofthe Manchester bomber ‘An configaraion engine, with fur Rol-Royce FRecpine npn cde Valet ene sa (he Sabha) and vey Sserofinis fy Nach ef teen ws sercoping Shp. aout ee Scene confines at the massive radiator mounted under the wing enter section ‘The Har Tomadopreotye (219) was powered by Rots Royce ture angie ana {eature orow: fennaun Sacks on eer siete nove The aioe made Rat Aonton ® October 998" severly restited the Tornad performance nd Hawke located the radiator under {he nome. The prope was modified w fis dew configuration and bean eng Om ‘sbecemiber Teollowingan AirMinisy ltetonto Proceed th both Typhoon nd Tornado po- duction A Roe was seleced to all the Tornado n'a new Tair) a Yeadon, feat {Leeds Deiys caused by the Bate of Briain forced a slomdown a the Toma's Arvlopment and the sevond prototype seal 9524) ai otfy unl Deerser 1a ‘Tir aerf feature an coliged rer and qo sal windows a the so fang behindthecockpit Like thettst prototype P52 wasunarmed hough here pro ‘sion forfour cannons be ousted ihe wing ‘During Marcha 9, both Torna prototypes were ited wth the improved 1980 ‘np Vue Venpne. Peformance an handlity ws were condactd later tht Seat 8nd on 29 August he ra production craft aril ROSS) we lwn Intended to the fist of some 200 predaction sia RI936 way in fe flowed By only tO ‘he Tornado prototype was tr modes wih the redo ig eacated weer he nove, ‘Thaurcraftale fared to srl windows ne stg bein he comp [Rr experinerta scat the prototype carted right Yoow undesuaces ional prototypes The third protoype (HCA) ew on 23 October 141 and the ier sxe v8) ms trnserel Ral Rye for engine, Rover “tour Tornadoes usta ves unt finally being srk harg SOC) Fito ‘erated wan P3019 during August of 198 The thers sored onl 19 snd the {Dapesturivingaicaftwas P34 which was not SOC unt sOSeplember 944 RP ‘wi sed for saris of propels este which culminated with thetesng of Bade ‘ontaotaing Rol propaier Goal was bestotetthe Bristol Conatesairsoned| gine and provided valuable data fr ater programs "The RAF aloeted ato 157 sri numbers forthe Tornado allo which wee ‘ancled wen the Ar Minty made a desion o coments production a te ‘Boon wih te Sabre engine ‘Typhoon {As 19 ended, work was propresiag onthe insulation ofa Sabre I engine inthe “Typhoon prone On 24 Ferry 194th prototype sealed P8212) made tet Aight rors Lana, gain wth Philip Lucente contol bot the Typoon sr ‘ado protonypes ew aie of ex ight ess uate Spe 1940 On 1 ay Tat Poee Beaverbrook orderedcaramentofany work thst ightiake rears) from the production of Spires, Hurzones andes bomb pes ‘On May. the Typhoon peostpe sulle a pata! fue ofthe monocoque fuselage sre behind the erofthe cockpit Licasmanaged land the aera es awarded the Gcorge Medal fo this feat slmanship. Repl were ulcly nade 4nd P3212 earned ght testing win 9 moat, ltough he program, becuse of Mini af Aa Praacon Gries ha ae ed Before second prowype mascompled xs ih he fist prownypehadrevcledt ‘umber of problems The max common problem was touble with he Sabre engine (Oreral perfomance was ated por and gnieanty below wht wae requ or ‘Second generton RAF interceptor In partcla the Iyphoot's performance fl of Epi Shove 200 et nd mas psd wa set the pr 4 m0 The Typhoon was, however, extemy song ad abl to aesommoate an am renter Hispano 20vurcafnors ne wngalng withthe necestaryammerition {Eines hc ammuntion ol nal ng notated vi ‘in armament of elie Browning 303 machine guns pening the svat of de> tnt wpptie ofthe Frenh-devgnedChatlerstammuntion elt fd sy m8 Because of iseary perfomance Raures the Typhoon became ahr ookingfor a role When funeoned stoi the Sabre engine sve the Typo heer pron ‘mance than anything then tn RAF serie o more mportanily, Lawl ervice Thor were thos however who el thatthe RAAF dd act ced other: Adequate umber of Spies ware vale to equip the squadrons mow fring Tor esis Spenaons Tolfowing the Ai Ministry issuance ofan latetion 9 Proved or 2 tal of 1.00) sirralt pane were putin mst bepn proton Inaly over 206 thet) ‘cra nere ob poo bultconeurteny wt some SW Tornadoes The inl 29) acral would De pat ith whichever power lan a demad tobe est With ase te factors fly commits tothe production of HurscunesTypoon production Was star at Hucsest in Glogceersbir, here loser Ara had frodustion Tacs tat were ot being used (0n:3May 54, the second prototype Typhoon (P5216) ew forthe frie anton 27 May tesplo Misael Daun took up ine production Typhoon (7370) Both “nese mchines were its wih Browning 308 machine guns although PSS16 was te ‘harmed with four cannons “th sacand Typhoon proteyp eta hinged wae wail doers on thlanding gras, ‘chee ete enpoductonaronarrosapaat dees The proton ad ‘natwraowe mouresin he stata bora cock Typhoon Mk IA “The fis Typhoons off the production line dileed tne tom the prowsype. The small windonn which had been rtalied on the soli fairing behind te cockp onthe ‘Typhoon prteype were oundtohaeliie operauenalvalacand were lee Like the ratty the i production Typhoons cares an armament of weve Browaing 305 ache gins and were designated Typhoon MILLA. A toa of IDM LAs were ule though number ofthese wee later converte to Typhoo 1B (our Ohh cannons) Stndards once adequate sppies of cannons tecame avalabe Piotr epore continuing trouble wih the Sabre enpine The power plant had an alarming tepdeney to cath ie when twas started anditbecame swandardpraticet> Ihiveugiound wewman tandinghy with fi exingusher when the arral wast te The Sabe used Colfman crip tarerunt which contained ive shone Foundsand used the expansion afexponiv gars to tarm over the engine Fae e ‘npinetocatchonthehtstatemptofen edt isin thea intake whichwas stint emer ofthe rao scoop. Prompt aon hy the pound crew aouallyprotented Serious the althoug the problem hardly npr pot o have conience ite ‘Tptoen! Preservice tengo the Typhoon IAby the Air Fighting Devslopent Units os: come Down and the Central Fighter Exablhment tried oxy some of the i= ‘ratautsctore the fyphoon was ssuednairnt ine squadron Intheevent mostof them wer accepted rather than cred Acompechenaive chek lat was dss up sad ‘na sessed that ne rule be mere atl ines plltonygen was tobe sched on ‘slorearthingcle Thwart guardaganstihe dangerous uildapafcarton mono ‘sgavin the sctpt afer the engin wae are ‘Stecesfl engine stars mre oem a the mercy ofthe weather. I col, damp con ions the sabre was very vluctat to sat The Coffman sare designed tor the ‘Mertn engines sued in the Spite and Fuca, vat not sly poner ough to Stee Sabre engine in the Typhoon, Eventually the fll! Ping tare was hangs ina lao tal ao, event he grlne rom easing ea ttf the einer daring ming ‘When tic engined sat didnotalvaysrunevealy. Eat Typhoons wereproneto ‘numerous engine changes afer remark ew linghours Uneven rang tobe ‘olded because veurom he alveslecyescouldcauethesdeevestojam and ow ap the ‘Singer Once s sles emmed a plot had les than one minut take sppropite ‘tion ba ou or de Ditching nas to be avoided ales absolutely necessry, snc the huge radlsor scoop ook on water very quickly Ontheotherhand ithe sical wasbelly onde he Stength of the raf was Soc hat pt could often walk ss) fom ata eck Early Operations Duingihe Summer of 14, the RAF prepared introducethe Typhoon MIA nto operational ere, Paul Richey, Squsdron Leader, Tats at Fighter Command chore Duxford a ‘cambridgeshire asthe frat Tophoon bse Ths wasprinpaly because Duxiordhad lass rnsay- One othe problems ith eat Typhoons wat that he bakes were mot Srey effective. The gase would provide some ex braking elect tnd reduce te “yphoon’s landing rt Nb Se Squadren Was sled o be the is Typhoon sqasron “Tn ear/proaucton Tygon A R7S78 ks the era windows bandh cock ound one "Toa nreratis edt ttc Brsonny Sot ecg Dalieris of k1Asto No $6 Squadon commencedon 26September 191 —almost ct the sometime hat HIG 2S completed ts reesuspment wit the Focks Wal Fo Font atooni in elem Buia tac ad Kans rset athe {Cftaie ws niroducinln new fighter and Gurng the werk thatthe typhoon ft tote ee oher RAE squaioae ported hei encom wile Pe 190. The petformunce ofthe new German fg: was ctcint and more then el ‘hat othe Spite MV. Iwas the advent ofthe F190 nto Lafwate serie that Ise kez he Typhoon program alive fo thers were sil may wthn he RAF tat ‘atthe progam shold bectsctlle As soon sso seSquadron hed begun operations piltsbegan reportage sume robles that had bee uncovered during he sl pro” [Bam Squadron plat reported problems ncded: poor engine starting theese wi Wich the engine caught darian fenginebalend sl which ed a0 ‘monoxide seepnsino te cockpit bisering het inthecackpt when he Se was ‘inning propel (but usally at dangerously hightemperature) and the poor ear ‘rd wew fem the cockpit fas ae sal wonder tat te early Typhoons pent ong, Periods onthe ground undergoing manenance. eons fet Here eapamanioa Tynes Kington Langley wih the ist Langley bui sera makings main gon 26 Rover [4 This alr (seta RAI9) was fellow by am addtional fourteen efore a po- duction was ceialized a Hace Cockpit Development Typhoon Mk IB Shorty afer the Typhoon 1A was introduced into seve, Hawker epan essing sdeguate applies of Hispane cannons to sich production ovr to acannon armed ‘arlantotthe fyphoonuderthe designation Typhoon ME IB The Typhoon replaced the relve 33 Browning machine gun ofthe phon IA with or bet fe Haan Dut canons Infact esl eters inthe engrish aera tee ‘hatditerene in armament IA forthe weve mache ua armament on TB forthe fourcannon srned icra Th adtion the change in amsment Haver also cored the problem of = ward nity Im the Iyphoon'scckpi Hawker engine designed clea can ‘Sco that replaced the said uring on the Mk IA Thi section was faced fn place tend the ockpieThecaspy wa sl made up o five separate sections athe a Ferme carpe doors remained Since it was ot uncommon forthe door coms ‘pen night the pot side door wat wuly aed su “Throughout 192 supplies of Hispano 20vM cannons withthe Chatellerault eed improved dramatically Hawker improve the conn moun wih the gn tae ‘som being completely fled. The majority ofthe Typhoons in Service were ME TBS, including numberof ey Typhoon As ht wee eotited with cansonsand hen ‘esreockpi firing AS production of he Typhoon TB increased intempo tbe machine tpi trmed MKIAS ete gucly replied and withdrawn from serie "The plots of No 56 Squaron sadly came fo terme With thi temperment ont nd atongh the compltat and frestatons were niesprest theyll voce Stnapprecacnoy ow ugh thearame as. The stengtholthe Iyphoon vas ei {edinlhe let st Nose Squadron lost ponte Fall 194 and cid not sa Second osu the lowing tune’ On the other han heft conse al ty ‘Broom plot cd ot occur un Augut of 43, “Grudly the prop lor he Typoor emer The Typhoon wa ot esd inhigh ude dog ab wih Lata phere similar those bcagundertaken by Spits When te Fs suresh oer te Spite ¥ was eed. an nese ‘Prosar improve the Spite prove ob he eu answer oc sr supeiny pr len The typhoon could make mark at lowe tudes, parca dealing with ‘ieGerman“hitand run ders lone he English coast When everything functioned ‘el the Typhoon was mot han capable of eehing ey Righter or bom pes the {uttwfteabedn heverads Even thovph twas the sppcrancs ofthe Fw 90 hat had Tepes he Typoonnserice tax more than searaer the typecteed sic ‘ute RAF blr te it Fw 18 wa ote yoo pl on 17 Oct “Tiphoon pots haa number of operational hazards to conten wih engin flies, compres, suxtrl failed mistaken tent From corn angles he ‘Tytoou Ml sey resemble the Fw 199 anda tosses om eof aiden and igh Tes. anther satis wa soon ade sot down Spies Mor were thr who abo mick poo arf 9 arc US ‘Army Ar Farce plot. bat Spite were the ost merous ght ate tie Othe ‘Swoon sonertonal debutandat asf ae Kaowntohave een she down by Sp {resbeoreeendof August 1982, Anamber of aenps wer de tosnahe Typhoons ‘more esl identilble, nclading pining the forward stage White and appling ‘hordvie Yellow bands around the wing surfaces twas no unl theend of 2 ha ‘etcn wa nly ahr apne Bk ond White spes he ing nde Rise mwtoa poo uation nr mane hat whieh Rew ape sa ‘nnd bon hard totaceforfewarrafthad eer returned wth ay cndence of ical falar which wes understandably suapeie to hehe cau he a fares athe ‘ren no one cause was eve fovbd se the reson some typhoons tos thei ta, though fare ofthe elevator mess Balance mount was know tb contributory levator Mater at highspeed imposed catastrophic loads on hea sion, which ‘broke athe rear aselage transport at Test as Sesanedt shake Typo ta ‘Saucon more re reno hs theory snd es precaton ths ose anepot joint mar stengihened by twenty ish pata being eed sround the owt the {slag This wot comply sl te problem anda lsesslocaed even ‘Typhoon weated with Md 26 (asthe iin operation wa designated). total Icusttwentst Typhoons are known te havebec ost becats otal faves during: tsar abough no inkeretsractral weakness ws ever cicoweed An india ‘Typhooncouldtbethrownno wslb mphplus dita perctsaiy while anoer cox Mgured exact the same, wou fa vet all ale ‘Dusageary 13.3 typhoon era READ became the fre Typhoon tobe ie with eu op or bubblecanepy. Thetralt war also mouifed wee whip extant ‘placing he old mestantenng andthe fuslagcr type doors were sled The ‘onopy beeame a standard prison feature om ae production Typhoon TBs, thous a number olde sieat rine the oiginal“ai-hood canopy. These ‘yn ere ney sone guns afer D-Day tsa wee ig “ass roves tna lack an Wht wing stros worko best oak the Hpheon eco {Biand ntructon ware nud psn yphoon hh siipesonYONover 142. ‘ei recto Bas spay tee sar onsen Deca Tole _Aneng ne experimental ecogtion cere wlecut onthe 1yphoon fo make the area feotatageor Ban on-aeret ganert ane wochenmsiont ne hereon seman Feo wa patng heros rel ne. leases Experimental Typhoons ‘Among the projets Hawker undertok wo lmprove the Typo were wo projets ‘hat stay edt tights th mie irra ant mer of rhe porns ‘haematned moely dei studie Thee included mock-up wing rats ited th sx aunt canons. There was sneer study tht reds! he wg span 39 fat Incher wile ot smother sandy extended the wing ost echo Te both ates the [rote prformancsgres wee disappointing and both wing projets were aba ‘oa without ever being mm “Thee was considerable elo! at Hawker to develop the Typhoon int single set night iighter The nigh igh prosctinvlved tinge itera» Typhoon (ce ssi) an Ar Inereept (AN) MLV radr- With the radar installed the ace vas ‘designated a the Typhoon NII The dary antennas were mounted in he ng Teadingedgesand he leconis werisalledin hespace gained Sleingone ofthe Feta Thelin inter ueeapacy was madeuy by theuseoF aon under Tia win the radarequipped aie wee undertaken at Farnborough artingon 17 Apr 194Sand bythe Fighter Itteepion Unita Ford some two months aero 8 Jan Atlant wo peratonnprtwlswere maseover London during 1383 ut wile the "ur fuechone stslacony he mightier phoon wstoundtobeunetacon, “ind id notenter production The decision to sbandon the project asso nluenced Dyhetact hat At adarshadbeensuccesbllynsalledandtestedinmulseat ata ‘Ts typhoon 1 (R786) was usd ashe prototype othe proposed ypheon NF ah {tater the arr cared hear eon act arenas be wingleaing edges. te ‘reste project wav cveniod nore of urget mattangine nant ghee ih win engine liability, suchas he Beaufghier and Mosguit, These ica had Thetdditonal ninantge of second crewman who luncona athe desc a operator "Aserieofexperimentl shi were made thre Typhoons sinned the Mle astduring Apel o 48 Typhoons RSHL DNA! and EDGwere inca vee, !ndallwere moved with topes iter postoned sto the ref he restr ‘This iter was tobe wie during proud engine rns tant tke ad andi ‘hen dust conditons were at thelr wort Once atborac the tropical iter wan do ranged andthe starr snake was wo Temporary atached to No St Sgutdron Royal Australian Air Fore a 1 Dab thettoptcalzed Typhoons were own y nineteen pilot al of whom werecasistie ‘Souths ert petormanc. Inthe cen edn phon rem rope Prevent any Typhoon rom beng sed operational nthe Middle East (Hawher [Etcr coma coolants in the Mile Ea with ater Typhon sil MNS), ‘eseee paen ta aong tare wrset torn Aare ‘Suck proper spinners nthe erent have wer ho ery pnoons tee sere ik The First Typhoon Wing During January of 1982. Nost Squadron was joined by asecond Typhoon suaon, 'No3é6 (Rhodesian) flowed ia Ape by athid uni. NoW (Wen Riding Yorke) Squadion- Withal ee squadron ated Dior Fighter Command orved them Inthe fist Typhoon Wing unde the command of Wing Commander Denys Gila, Hewas one ofarowing nurberoipitow ho appreciated he quale ofthc Tp, ‘peal the alferafts stabi ins ve tata agood gat platform. The dcp se ‘on. fron fc wing spa enabled he Typhoon tay on eget ina shall ive ‘without te wbredon experienced wth ate eters ‘Diving the Typhoon rom alte however brought out another problem AS with saer Second World Warfighter thatwereabeto goore 400 mph thetyphooe built up Sed vey apy nave As peencease, Ihe compressd alow over the conte Stfacesroten by farings bumpsorsutace unevenets formed turbulence the fcatapproashed the speed of sound Compress te became Keown, was bey Uindrsood atte tne ua numberof fatal erates were caused bythe pole Ay Mig testing helped increase understanding othe peotlem, RAF ofits wee se ales pots the phenomenon and pont dvs sg specd econ onthe Typhoon, ‘White engines wore on more practical sltens ‘A Typhoon production increased he operational squadron found replacements sy focomety tr aia were damages fom operational or other sauses infa tre were more liane than engines sitce Naps wee still angle wi he Stbre' lente vale failure rate aad a umber fnew Typhoons wenn store ile Ualingforengine In the menting squasnon ites (nore of wom were alles he lgher units) at Dusfodprformed mialemkaspng “The pri ask ofthe Typhoon squadrons wasto maintain standing dawn dask pols along the Enpishcontto cach low er radars. Thew were low at ow veh, mer tone A pata was uray flown a3 et ud feo lower, since ow ying hit and ran aes wereslmostimpossbeto see even fom fe hundred feet abowe them. These ata oflen ede nothing and equadron commas ‘Sore five confimed tl “Gn 3 January, 2nd TAF Tompsts had thi best day, liming vente Kil, without os including one Me 0) Good westherinFebraarybroughasener ent: ‘ition missions and loses to lak The eroy held by German forces wae being ‘gece in cer suring okt rine vhs Tp anon on UMiny-oealreatdurng rerun with nine pl bei led re German jes wer ‘Sesoyed nlting examples ofthe Arado Ar 2 but the major par of ebay ‘or nat agit rman anspor ‘Aso during ite month, Nos 8 and222 Squadrons arrived at Giz Rijn asp of| 135Wing whe Now and 48 Squndeoneourned a England No222Squadron lew its fist sores on 24Febrnr, bouncing len Fa 9s and shooting Sows ou nce pilots continieato be ost notony tof tutioenem Baers el FLTLTFairbansedsi Tempest ito dogight wit for Fs ron 3k Fobraaty He ‘was shot down and spe the est the at esa POW. Drop Tanks March brought temporary bas on ground aac due the high sk of losing plots an aircraft thislate sae inthe cof The an dh not remain forse for {ong and tweay-hree Tempest were low during March on armed recontasan, sanding parol ightr sweep safing stacks td exon miso ‘During Apri Hopstn Aiild wan ncapiedhy No 33 Wing which Beamethe ist pet wing to operate rom Germaa sol Few thug tha the mar woul lst ach longer and on 19 Apal No Squadron retimed to Englan. That sae day NO 222 Squadron undertook a rating tack or Hum Aira During thie ison 70 Witingenchelantot domnasnalguenite ay previ en Sabo ‘quent nalsis of combat repos and gun cameraim etal thatthe scat as a He Is, one ofthe few toy operational. By 26 Api 1s Wing war at Quackenbruck ad Nos 3 ccupied Fass, Germany. Alcoa conte wth Yet amet of le igs Inte down the ln ofthe Laws Iwas nt aways one sed 16-26 as

    You might also like