Article summary

This article is about thermal modeling of the machine tool.

Modern machine tools emit a lot of heat energy and have many places to
store it. This heat entails thermal expansion of the machine components and, as a
result, to a loss of accuracy. This problem can be solved by precision modeling of
the thermal behavior of the machine tool. Later, using this model, you can adjust
the position of the output link to compensate errors.
It is very important to take into account the influence of ambient
temperature. Under its influence, machine tool assemblies are heated to an
equilibrium temperature at different speeds.
Also, the machine tool guards and bodies has a huge influence. Heat
accumulates inside it, which makes the machine more heated and deformed. In the
study, an experiment was conducted in which variants of the machine design with
and without a fence were modeled. The results were significantly different.
Also, a strong influence on the heating of the machine and the loss in
precision bearings have. Springs are used to prevent shifting of the gaps in the
bearings. This design generates a lot of heat when the direction of rotation of the
spindle is changing.
One of the reasons for the loss of accuracy is the temperature deformation of
the measuring quartz straightedges. It is used in the CNC system to determine the
coordinates of the output link. Under the influence of temperatures, the ruler
lengthens and the coordinate reference is disrupted. To minimize the impact of this
factor on accuracy, it is necessary to better select the location of the ruler.