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PARTIZIP I vs. PARTIZIP II

(Participle I vs. Participle II)

Partizip I = Infinitive + d Partizip II = 3rd form of the verb

NB: Participle I (Partizip I) has an active NB: Participle II (Partizip II) has a passive
meaning, i.e. the noun defined by Participle I is meaning, i.e. the noun defined by Participle II
a person or a thing performing the action. is a person or a thing that receives the action of
the verb.
laufen + d => laufend schreiben => geschrieben
der laufende Junge der geschriebene Brief

A running boy The letter was written (by a person).