…..15 minutes to finish….

TOPIC: Consent in general (3 minutes)

a. Offer and acceptance
INTRO:
Dindi: good evening classmates, our team ____________ will explain through simple scenarios
the general concept of CONSENT. So seat back, relax and enjoy this mini show.

(scenario)
RIO: (tilapia vendor)
Tilapia, tilapia kayo jan mga madam, ser! Tilapia! Bili na kayo suki, 150 lang ang kilo
dito, fresh ang tilapia ko.

Ay! Aling Jet, suki! Halika na bili ka sakin ng tilapia, 150 lang oh sariwang sariwa!

Dindi: [insert Rosenstock] so you can see in this case that Kuya RIO is giving an offer that is
definite, which is the sale of his tilapia for P150 per kilo, so that the liability of the seller
and the buyer will be exactly fixed. Now let’s see what happens next.

JET: kuya, ang gaganda ng tilpya mo, ang sasariwa. Pabili ako, 150 diba?

RIO: oo ma’am. Isang kilo po ba?

JET: oo, sige isang kilo kukunin ko.

(explanation)
Dindi: at this point, the acceptance was made by ate gurl and her acceptance was absolute.
Under Art1320, this acceptance was made expressly by verbally saying that she accepts
the offer, while in other contracts, the express acceptance of the offer may be made in
writing or verbally, just like in the given scenario.

Acceptance may also be given impliedly, just like this:

(scenario)
RIO: BALOWWWT!!! (with accent) goodevening MADAM, im selling da…., whah du you call
tha’ one? Ahh there! Im selling BALOWT for only 20 pesos. Would you like to buy my
balowtt? (PAUSE)

jenny: (tumango at iniabot ang P20)

*must show to camera na iabot ni Jenny ang P20 bill, at ipakita rin ni Rio sa cam na nareceive
nya ang P20 bill na iniabot.

RIO: thank you for giving the exact amount. Madam, here’s the balowt that you
purchased! Thank you and have a good day!

*iabot ang egg -show to camera, Jenny receives the egg – shown rin sa camera

Jenny Thank you kuya!

[marlbarosa / jardine ruling]

 b. Counter offer
(explanation)
DINDI: what if tumawad si ate Gurl? Then incase tumawad sya kung pwedeng P13 pesos ang
isa, the offer of Kuya magbabalot is now inexistent, because it has been rejected by Ate gurl.
Her Tawad which is a counter is a new offer, where kuya magbabalot has to decide whether to
accept or not.

c. RULE on Withdrawal of offer

Dindi: now let’s go to the rules on withdrawal of offer

(scenario)

Bentahan ng kotse
Jenny: (dialing phone) RING! RING! RING!
Hello, Mare! Mare, may iaalok ko sana yung Kotse ko dyan sa pilipinas sa inyo ni
Pareng Rio, 1 year used lang, 500K, kunin nyo na, Chin!

Jet: Ay, hello, mars! Gusto ko sana, Pero teka, itatanong ko muna kay Pare mo, alam mo
naman yung asawa ko, mejo kuripot yon. Itatanong ko muna kung gusto niyang kunin
ha? Balitaan kita kaagad!

Jenny: Sige Mars, kahit hanggang next week, sabihan mo lang ako.

DINDI: Generally, habang wala pang acceptance sa offer, Mareng Jenny can still withdraw her
offer to Mareng Jet, kahit pa binigyan ni mareng Jenny ng time si Mareng Jet to accept.

Ang exception to this rule is: (option contract)

Now, kung present ang offer and acceptance, ibig bang sabihin na merong consent? Not
all the time, katulad ng scenariong ito:

(scenario)
Jetjet: (nag ttype ng text. Pero habang nag ttype eh babasahin)
Mareng Jenny, pumayag ang pare mo na bilhin namin ang kotse mo, pwede na
naming ipadala sa western union ang pera anytime, basta sabihan moa ko kung
ipapadala ko na ha? Textback! “AYAN, NAGSENT NA!”

Jenny: tatawagan ko pala si Mareng Jet, kasi nabenta ko na yung kotse ko kay Kumareng
Dindi.

Hello mare, sya nga pala, yung kotse ko,

Jet: oh

Jenny ehh, nabenta ko na kay Dindi, nakuha na nya kanina tapos nakapag bayad
narin.

Jet: ha? E paano yun? Nagtext ako sayo diba, na kukunin naming? Bakit mo inalok kay
Dindi?

Jenny: E mare, hindi ko pa naman nareceive yung text mo, bka sending palang!

Jet: hindi pwede mars, ako ang nauna! Bawiin mo yung kotse, kasi nakapag loan na ako ng
pambayad sayo, tumatakbo na yung interest nun, e.
 (explanation)
DIndi: (explain the rule on withdrawing the offer, when it is withdrawable and when it is not)

TOPIC: VICES OF CONSENT

Dindi: we also have vices of consent, which in effect makes the contract voidable, but although
voidable, they are still binding according to 1390. Now what are the vices of consent.
Let’s watch this scenario

a. Theis v CA (1330,1390) MISTAKE

(scenario)

Bentahan ng lupa
Rio: uy, friend Jenny, kmusta kana? Balita ko bigtime kana raw, ah? Uy friend, meron akong
napakagandang property na inoofer, nasa Forbes Park, 500sq , dali kunin mo na.
nakasale! 50% off. Dating 50M, ngayong 25M nalang! Ito yung titulo oh, kung kukunin
mo na today, ipro-process na nila sa office yung deed of sale sayo.

Jenny: ay, sige! Gusto kong magkaroon ng property sa Forbes! Para pag uwi ko after kong mag
Australia, patatayuan ko ng bahay ko yan.

Jenny: ako ang bibili ha? Ito, chechekehan na kita ngayon din!

3 years later…

Jenny: (VIA CALL…ring!ring!ring!) Hoy, MR. RIO! Bakit yung binenta mo saakin na vacant lot ay
merong naka erect na property doon? And owner daw ng lupa at bahay na yon ay Mrs.
Legaspi? Ano ito? Paki explain!

RIO: (will explain as in the facts of THEIS case)

PAUSE…

DINDI: will explain mistake (1330-1334 important parts lang), and the ratio of Theis case.

b. FRAUD (1338)
Dindi: Another vice of consent is fraud, katulad nito.

(scenario)
Bentahan aso

Jenny: Hi, fren! May benta akong aso, ito ohh..(shows Dog, introduce dog, tell breed and
price)

Rio: alla, fren! Bet ko yan. Sige bayaran ko na agad tapos ipadala mona agad via TOKTOK
ha? aantayin ko today, ha? Thank you!

….3 minutes later….

RIO: (nagrereklamo) fren, bat sabi mo e shih tsu, askal bitu???? Walang hiya ka fren,
Manloloko ka fren!
Dindi: Explain concept of fraud (1338-1344)
….

Side explanation (remedy of disadvantaged party, who is claiming that there was
mistake or Fraud):
there is actually a remedy for a disadvantaged party as stated in 1332, this is when one
of the contracting parties allege that there was fraud or mistake because of his
disadvantaged situation, such as when he is unable to read or to understand the
language of the contract. 1332 states that before the other party can enforce the
contract, he must show that he has fully explained to the disadvantaged party the terms
and conditions and all the stipulations of their contract. As in the case of Hemedez v CA,
the court emphasized that 1332 is intended to protect a party due to illiteracy, mental
weakness, ignorance, another handicap, and that party entered into the contract but his
consent in vitiated by mistake or fraud.

c. intimidation

Dindi: another vice of consent is intimidation as in this case

(scenario)

JET: Ipinatawag ko kayong lahat, para sabihin, na mag pro-promote ako nga mga
empleyado kong maganda ang performance. Kaya kailangan nyong pag butihin ang
trabaho nyo, at more especially, sundin ang mga gusto ko. Intyendes ba? OK!

Ehem. MR. RIO, pwede bang maiwan ka muna at may pag uusapan tayong dalawa

RIO: Ay, sure Madam.

Jet: Mr. RIO, alam naman nating dalawa na pinapahalagahan mo ng trabaho mo diba?

RIO: yes madam.

Jet: at alam rin nating pareho, na gusto mo ring ma promote, tama aba?

RIO: (excited!) AY, yes na yes madam. Tama ka jan! ma ppromote na po ba ako madam?
Naku thank you po!!!

Jet: yes..ifffff…

RIO: IF???

JET: IF! Papayag kang pakasalan mo ang Unica Ija kong si Jenny. Kilala mo naman siguro
sya diba?

RIO: Pero madam! Hindi si Jenny ang gusto ko!

Jet: Wala akong paki alam! Wala akong paki alam kung si JunJUN at hindi si Jenny ang
gusto mo. Basta! Kapag pinakasalan mo si Jenny ko, kung hindi, mapipilitan din akong
iwithdraw ang 90% ng shares of stocks ko sa tilapiahan at balutan ng mga magulang
mo. Gets mo?

RIO: (papayag)
DINDI: as you can see, the consent of Mr. Rio agreeing with Madam is vitiated thru
intimidation. Incase na matuloy ang kasalan ni RIO at Jenny, the consent he will give is vitiated
and against his will. In effect, their marriage will be voidable.

d. 1336 violence
DINDI: the last way to vitiate consent is through violence

JETJET: Ipinatawag ko ulit kayong lahat, upang i-congratulate si Mr.RIO dahil, malapit na
kitang maging manugang. Congratutions anak!

RIO: Thank you mama!

JET: at dahil dyan, Facundo! Paki abot ang contrata!

RIO: ito naba ang promotion ko mama?

Jet: No! ito ang Prenuptial agreement ninyong dalawa. Naka saad dito, na lahat ng pag
aari
ni Jenny ay kanya lang, hindi mo pwedeng paki alaman, at ang mga pag aari mo, pati
ang
sakahan at kalabaw mo, ay magiging pag aari ninyong dalawa ng anak kong si Jenny:

RIO: pero mama! Hindi mo pwedeng gawin ito sa akin! Kay jenny lang ang kanya, tapos
yung
kalabaw ko kaming dalawa ang may-ari? No way! Unfair yon, mama!

Jet: Pipirma ka ba, o hindi?

RIO: pero mama, mali ito!

JET: PIPIRMA KA BA O HINDI? (naka tutok nabaril)

RIO: MAMA! Maawa ka

JET: PIRMA!!

RIO: Facundo, ang ballpen! (pirmahan ang contrata)

Ito na po mama. Sige na. napiramahan ko na.

DINDI: (will explain violence)