Name: Guzman, Ma. Christine C.

Course/Year: BSAIS-3
Contact number: 09752637835

Exercise 8. DATABASE MANAGEMENT 1.0

Part II. Essay. Write your answer in the space provided. Your answer must be based on your
interpretation of what you read in this module. (5 pts. Each)
1. Why do users have different logical views of their data requirements?
A logical view of data is a data model in an enterprise. ... A logical data object model contains
logical data objects. A logical data object is an object that describes a logical entity in an organization,
such as a customer or an order. It has attributes and keys, and it describes relationships between
attributes. The most important reason to build a logical data model is to confirm the users' and analysts'
understanding of the business requirements to assure that the system developed satisfies the business
need. Logical data modeling provides the analyst with a tool and technique to conduct analysis.

2. Why is direct access so much more flexible than sequential access?

Direct access is so much more flexible than sequential access because it allows equally easy and
fast access to any randomly selected destination. Direct access is the ability to obtain data from a storage
device by going directly to where it is physically located on the device rather than by having to
sequentially look for the data at one physical location after another. While, sequential access is the
reading or writing of data records in sequential order, that is, one record after the other.

3. How does a DBMS tend to make data and programs more independent? Can programs and data
ever be totally independent?
Data Independence is defined as a property of DBMS that helps you to change the Database
schema at one level of a database system without requiring to change the schema at the next higher
level. Data independence helps you to keep data separated from all programs that make use of it. The
DBMS can offer both logical and physical data independence. This means it can protect users and
applications from needing to know where data is stored or being concerned about changes to the
physical structure of data. As long as programs use the application programming interface for the
database that the DBMS provides, developers won't have to modify programs just because changes have
been made to the database.

4. Why does a relational database need to be normalized?

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database. This includes creating tables and
establishing relationships between those tables according to rules designed both to protect the data and
to make the database more flexible by eliminating redundancy and inconsistent dependency. It is
important that a database is normalized to minimize redundancy (duplicate data) and to ensure only
related data is stored in each table. It also prevents any issues stemming from database modifications
such as insertions, deletions, and updates.

5. Why might you want a DBMS on your PC that could also communicate with a larger computer
database?
A database management system (DBMS) is system software for creating and managing
databases. A DBMS makes it possible for end users to create, protect, read, update and delete data in a
database. The most prevalent type of data management platform, the DBMS essentially serves as an
interface between databases and end users or application programs, ensuring that data is consistently
organized and remains easily accessible. The DBMS manages the data; the database engine allows data
to be accessed, locked and modified; and the database schema defines the database's logical structure.
These three foundational elements help provide concurrency, security, data integrity and uniform data
administration procedures.