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DOI:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2020.200384
http://xbyxb.csu.edu.cn/xbwk/fileup/PDF/202005536.pdf
2019 冠状病毒病患者临床特征对重症化的预测作用
莫娟 1,刘激扬 2,伍松柏 1,吕爱莲 1,肖乐 3,陈东 4,周赟 5,梁露 2,刘晓芳 6,赵晋晋 7
收稿日期(Date of reception):2020-04-14
第一作者(First author):莫娟,Email: mojuango@163.com, ORCID: 0000-0002-3792-443X
通信作者(Corresponding author):刘激扬,Email:41002978@qq.com, ORCID: 0000-0002-4259-8659
基金项目(Foundation item):湖南省科技厅重点领域研发计划专项基金(2020SK3014),长沙市第一医院院级科研基金(Y2020-38)。This
work was supported by the Project of Key Areas in Research and Development Plan from Department of Science and Technology of Hunan Province
(2020SK3014) and the Scientific Research Fund from the First Hospital of Changsha (Y2020-38), China.
(1. Department of Intensive Medicine, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410005; 2. Department of
Administrative Office, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410005; 3. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,
First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410005; 4. Department of Medical Administration, First Hospital of
Changsha, Changsha 410005; 5. Department of Spine Surgery, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410005;
6. Department of Information Statistics, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410005; 7. Department of
Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410005, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it has spread
rapidly in China and many other countries. The rapid increase in the number of cases has
caused widespread panic among people and has become the main public health problem in
the world. Severe patients often have difficult breathing and/or hypoxemia after 1 week of
onset. A few critically ill patients may not only rapidly develop into acute respiratory
distress syndrome, but also may cause coagulopathy, as well as multiple organs failure
(such as heart, liver and kidney) or even death. This article is to analyze the predictive role
of clinical features in patients with COVID-19 for severe disease, so as to help doctor
monitor the severity-related features, restrain the disease progress, and provide a reference
for improvement of medical treatment.
Methods: The clinical data of 208 patients with COVID-19 who were isolated and treated
in Changsha Public Health Treatment Center from January 17, 2020 to March 14, 2020
were collected. All patients were the mild and ordinary adult patients on admission,
including 105 males and 103 females from 19 to 84 (median age 44) years old. According
to the “Program for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infected
pneumonia (Trial version 7)” issued by the General Office of National Health Committee
and Office of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine as the diagnostic and
typing criteria. According to progression from mild to severe disease during hospitalization,
the patients were divided into a mild group (n=183) and a severe transformation group (n=
25). The clinical features such as age, underlying disease, blood routine, coagulation
function, blood biochemistry, oxygenation index, and so on were analyzed. Among them,
laboratory tests included white blood cell (WBC), lymphocytes (LYM), neutrophil (NEU),
hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (PLT), prothrombin time (PT), plasma fibrinogen (Fib), activated
partial prothrombin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), D-dimer, total bilirubin (TBIL),
albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood
urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase
isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and
oxygen partial pressure in arterial blood. Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood/
fractional concentration of inspiratory oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) was calculated. The variables
with statistical significance were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.
Results: Patients in the severe transformation group had more combined underlying
diseases than those in the mild group (P<0.05). From the perspective of disease
distribution, patients in the severe transformation group had more combined hypertension
(P<0.05). In the severe transformation group, PT was significantly longer, the levels of Fib,
ALT, AST, CK, LDH, and CRP were significantly higher than those in the mild group (P<
0.05 or P<0.001), while LYM, ALB, and PaO2/FiO2 were significantly lower than those in
the mild group (P<0.05 or P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis was performed on clinical
features with statistically significant differences. Combined with hypertension, LYM, PT,
Fib, ALB, ALT, AST, CK, LDH, and CRP as independent variables, and having severe
disease or not was the dependent variable. The results show that combined hypertension,
decreased LYM, longer PT, and increased CK level were independent risk factors that
affected the severity of COVID-19 (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The patients with mild COVID-19 who are apt to develop severe diseases
may be related to combined hypertension, decreased LYM, and longer PT, and increased
CK level. For the mild patients with these clinical features, early intervention may
effectively prevent the progression to severe diseases.
KEY WORDS coronavirus disease 2019; pneumonia; clinical feature; severity; prediction
表 1 两组间一般情况比较
Table 1 Comparison of general conditions between the 2 groups
组别 n 男/[例(%)] 女/[例(%)] 年龄*/岁 有基础疾病/[例(%)] 高血压病/[例(%)] 糖尿病/[例(%)]
轻症组 183 88(48.09) 95(51.91) 42.00(21.00) 77(42.08) 22(12.02) 12(6.56)
重症转化组 25 17(68.00) 8(32.00) 53.00(27.50) 17(68.00) 10(40.00) 2(8.00)
χ2/z 3.489 -1.609 5.968 11.164 0.070
P 0.062 0.108 0.015 0.001 0.792
表 2 两组间实验室指标比较
Table 2 Comparison of laboratory indicators between the 2 groups
血常规
组别 n
WBC*/(×109∙L−1) LYM*/(×109∙L−1) NEU*/(×109∙L−1) Hb/(g∙L−1) PLT*/(×109∙L−1)
轻症组 183 4.49(2.04) 1.20(0.71) 2.80(1.40) 130.16±16.52 170.00(88.00)
重症转化组 25 4.51(2.01) 0.76(0.44) 2.93(1.64) 132.44±19.51 158.00(57.00)
t/z −1.568 −4.292 −0.331 −0.633 −1.394
P 0.117 <0.001 0.740 0.527 0.163
表 2(续)
凝血功能
组别
PT*/s Fib*/(g∙L−1) APTT*/s TT*/s D-dimer*/(μg∙mL−1)
轻症组 11.70(1.10) 3.49(1.14) 32.40(4.50) 13.90(1.70) 0.25(0.39)
重症转化组 12.70(1.10) 4.19(1.43) 32.70(4.80) 14.00(1.35) 0.28(0.37)
t/z −4.193 −4.348 −0.997 −0.447 −0.243
P <0.001 <0.001 0.319 0.655 0.808
肝功能 肾功能
组别
TBIL*/(μmol∙L−1) ALB/(g∙L−1) ALT*/(U∙L−1) AST*/(U∙L−1) BUN*/(mmol∙L−1) Cr*/(μmol∙L−1)
轻症组 10.92(7.04) 38.72±4.07 19.10(12.46) 23.27(9.38) 4.18(1.73) 51.11(24.20)
重症转化组 9.97(9.17) 36.24±3.91 28.41(15.46) 29.05(8.88) 4.29(1.97) 53.43(20.12)
t/z −0.955 2.868 −2.551 −4.072 −0.267 −0.143
P 0.340 0.005 0.011 <0.001 0.789 0.886
生化指标 炎症指标 氧合指数
组别
CK*/(U∙L−1) CK-MB*/(U∙L−1) LDH*/(U∙L−1) CRP*/(mg∙L−1) PaO2 /FiO2*
轻症组 68.20(64.50) 9.57(6.20) 155.10(64.50) 12.10(20.74) 438.57(175.24)
重症转化组 90.30(341.00) 11.20(8.15) 195.40(48.75) 27.74(24.02) 397.14(162.30)
t/z −2.947 −1.247 −3.288 −3.870 −1.989
P 0.003 0.212 0.001 <0.001 0.047
*中位数(四分位间距)
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