LUIS VARGAS TORRES TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

OF ESMERALDAS

BASIC EDUCATION CAREER

ENGLISH II

TOPIC (BRIEFCASE)

STUDENT:
OLMEDO PERLAZA FAUSTO JEAMPIERO

TEACHER:
LIC. ERIKA VERA BENITEZ

ESMERALDAS, NOVEMBER 20TH 2020

UNIT
N° 1
 COMPARATIVE FORM

Definition

Through this topic, you will learn what the comparative

form is and how to use the comparative form to make
your writing more interesting.
We compare people, places, or things every day. We
describe actions or words that describe actions every
day.

Example

 John is smarter but Bob is taller.

 Sally runs faster than David.
ACTIVITIES:
1.1. LOOKS
Vocabulary
Physical appearance
1. a) Listen and repeat

b) Look at the text. The character in the picture are from on adventure
movie.
 Tall, fat and bald with full lips?
The Thing
 Of average height, well-bulk, with very short brown hair?
The Human torch
 Young, thin, of medium height, with long straight fair hair and full
lips?
Invisible Woman
 Young, tall and slim with brown spiky hair and thin lips?
Mr. Fantastic
Reading
2. a) Listen and read the texts (A-D) and match them to the characters [1-4] in
the picture. Which words/phrases helped you decide?
(A-4): Genius, leader, shape.
(B-3): Disappear, beautiful.
(C-1): Control any fire.
(D-2) Sense of humor, orange body.

Grammar
Comparative form
3. a) Study the theory.

b) Look at the pictures and write complete sentences.

o John/ tall/ Fred John is taller than Fred.

o Bob/ thin/ Fred Bob is thinner than Fred.

o John’s hair/ short/ Fred’s hair John's hair is shorter than Fred's hair.
o Fred/ young/ John Fred is younger than John.
o John/ funny/ Fred John is funnier than Fred.
o Fred/ heavy/ Bob Fred is heavier than Bob.
o Bob/ good at basketball/ John Bob is better at basketball than John.
o Fred/ serious/ John Fred is more serious than John.
o Fred/ short/ Bob Fred is shorter than Bob.
o Bob/ old/ John Bob is older than John.
 Listening & Speaking
4. a) Listen to John talking about his family member and relatives. How are
the people in the pictures related to him?

b) Use the adjectives in the list to compare members of your family on

 old  tall  thin  heavy  fat  funny

 youn  lon  dark  handsome  short  pretty
g g
friends.
 CHARACTER ADJECTIVES

Definition

In its simplest sense, the adjective personality

can be defined as the type of verb used to
describe the character of a specific person. It
does not focus on physical appearance, but
rather on the personality traits of an
individual.

Personality (noun): the combination of qualities or characteristics

that form a person's character
Personality adjectives are adjectives that we use to describe a
person and their character or personality. Everybody is an
individual so we all have different personalities. One of us may be
kind and like to help other people. Another person may be lazy and
prefer to sleep rather than work.
ACTIVITIES:
Vocabulary
Character adjectives
1. Listen and repeat.
THINK. Which adjectives are positive? Which are negative? Which ones
best describe your best friend?
Adjectives positives.
1. Creative.
2. Hardworking.
3. Sociable.
4. Intelligent.
5. Patient.
6. Funny.
Adjectives negatives.
1. Lazy.
2. Rude.
3. Noisy.
4. Shy.
Which ones best describe your best friend?
Sociable.
Noisy.
Intelligent.
Creative.
2. Match the character adjectives {1-10} to the descriptions {a-j}. Then make
sentences, as in the example.
Generous
1 d
Honest
2 g
Ambitious
3 f
Stubborn
4 e
Aggressive
5 b
6 i Reliable
7 c Sensitive
8 a
9 j
10 h
 Outgoing
Greedy
Polite
a) Likes meeting people.
b) Gets upset easily.
c) Often behaves angrily.
d) Likes giving things to others.
e) Refuses to change his/her mind.
f) Wants to be successful.
g) Always sells the truth.
h) Has good manners.
i) Does what he/she promises to do.
j) Always wants more than he/she needs.
Grammar
Linkers
3. Read the table. Then rewrite sentences 2-5 using appropriate linkers.

1. She is reliable. She can be forgetful at times.

She’s reliable, but she can be forgetful at times.
2. He is honest. He is generous.
He’s honest as well as generous.
3. She is outgoing. She can be aggressive.
Although she is outgoing, she can be aggressive.
4. She is hardworking. She can be noisy at times.
She’s hardworking, but she can be noisy at times.
5. She is lazy. She is greedy.
She’s lazy and greedy.

LIKE AND DISLIKE

Definition

There are many ways to talk about preferences in English, but one of the
easiest is to use the verb 'to like'.

'Like' is a very versatile regular verb in English and can be

used to express preferences.

 I like ice cream

 I like going to the movies.
 I like you!

You can also use it in the negative with 'no':

 I do not like ice cream.

 I do not like going to the cinema.
 I do not like you!
ACTIVITIES:
Vocabulary & Speaking
Hobbies
1. Listen and repeat. Use the phrases to discuss your likes and dislike.

A: What do you think of painting?

B: I like it. I think it´s fun. Do you like chess?
A: No. I don´t. I think it´s boring
2. Describe the people in the pictures (1-4) on p. 15. Listen, read, and match
the right people to the descriptions (A-C). There is one extra picture.
3. Read the texts and mark the sentences t [true], F [false], or DS [doesn´t

say].

 Lucy is younger than her sister. ____T

 Lucy's sister goes to college _____ T
 Alicia's mom teaches young children ____T
 Alicia is on only child _____F
 Alicia likes hockey _______F
 Bobby's mom and his uncle Rob are brother and sister ____T
 Rob work at a camp _____DS.

4. Which family member does each person admire? Why? Tell the class.
THINK. Complete the sentence so that it is true about you.
 I love the way I think because for me everything is always fine.

Writing
5. a) Read the rubric and brainstorm using the headings [1-6].

Your teacher wants you to write a short text about the person in your
family you admire most toe the school´s English magazine [40-60 words].
The people I most admire are my mom (Alexa) and my older sister (Alexandra),

my mom is a merchant and my sister is a sociologist, she likes to dress smartly.

I admire them for being fighting women, who are always there for their
relatives.

COMPARATIVE /SUPERLATIVE

Definition of comparative

Comparative adjectives are used to compare a

certain characteristic or quality between two or
more things, animals or people.

Definition of superlative

Superlative adjectives express the maximum

degree of a characteristic of an element with
respect to others of the same group or condition.
Vocabulary
Places in a city
1. Listen and repeat.

THINK. Which of these phrases best describe the place you live in?

The phrases that best describe where I live are: crowded beach and traditional
house.

Listening & Reading

2. a) Read the title, what do you know about these cities? What can one see/ do
there?
 Listen and read to find out.

New York is the most populated city in the United States of America, where you
can visit some tourist destinations such as the Statue of Liberty, museums,
amusement parks, etc.

b) Read the next again. Mark the sentences T (true), F (false), or DS (doesn
´t say). Then correct the false statements.
Both cities are popular vacations. T
New York City is on an island. F
New York City is bigger than York. DS
There are tall buildings in York. T
The streets in York are busy. T
3. Use the following phrases to talk about the two cities in Ex. 2a.
 Popular tourist destinations
 Quiet clean streets
 Huge parks
 Stunning castle
 A beautiful river
 Amazing countryside
 Famous landmarks
 Tall skyscrapers
 Local dishes
 Expensive stores
 Quiet streets
 Traditional houses
 UNIT
N° 2

WAS / WERE

Was / were is the past simple form of the verb “to

be” (to be). In present simple is, are, and am.
Leisure time
Vocabulary
Weekend activities
1. Listen and repeat, where ware you last Sunday?

2. Listen and read the email and complete sentences 1-6. Use the words: hot
and sunny, alone, people, home, good, and amusement park.

1. Last Sunday Susan was at the amusement park.

2. She wasn´t alone.
3. Her brother was at home.
4. The weather was nice. It was hot and sunny.
5. The place was full of people.
6. The food wasn´t good.

Grammar
Was / were
3. a) Read the table. Find examples in Susan´s email on p. 28.

b) Fill in: was or were.

Last Saturday morning…
1. Jane was at the pea market.
2. Sam and Ann were at the arcade.
3. Becky was at work.
4. The Kids were at the stadium.
5. We were at the beach.
6. They were at the zoo.

c) Fill in was, were, wasn´t, or weren´t.

A): Where 1) was you last Sunday, Betty? 2) Were you at home?
B): No, 13) i wasn´t 14) was at the water park.
A): Wow! 5) were you alone?
B) No, Jane and Mark 6) weren´t with me.
A: 7) were your parents there, too?
B: No, they 8) weren´t they 9) were at home.
A: What 10) was the weather like?
B: It 11) was hot and sunny.
A: 12) Were there many people at the park?
B: ¡Oh, Yes! There 13) were a lot of people on the slides. It 14) was exciting.
Where 15) were you?
A: 16) I was at the pool with my brother.
B: What 17) was it like?
A: It 18) was fun.
B: 19) Was Jenny with you?
A: No, she 20) wasn't. She 21) was sick.
Speaking
4. Use the phrases to ask and answer, as in example

1. A) Where were you last Sunday, Laura?

 B) I was at the park.
A) Who were you with?
B) My cousin.
A) What was it like?
B) It was fun.
2. A) Where were you last Friday, Miresha?
B) I was at the home.
A) Who were you with?
B) My Family.
A) What was it like?
B) It was boring.
3. A) Where were you last Monday, Sasha?
B) I was at the party.
A) Who were you with?
B) My relatives.
A) What was it like?
B) It was tiring.
4. A) Where were you last Thursday, Leilani?
B) I was at the movies.
A) Who were you with?
B) My classmates.
A) What was it like?
B) It was exciting.
Writing
5. Write a short email to your pen pal about last weekend.
Last weekend I was in las golondrinas, Ibarra, it was a field day. I was at the
farm with my family enjoying a picnic day, the weather was warm and clear.
The place was surrounded by trees, sweet fruits, and incredible animals, it was a
great day.
 SIMPLE PAST

We use past simple tense to talk about states or actions that

happened and finished in the past.
Long ago
Vocabulary
Past activities
1. Listen and repeat.

Listening & Reading

2. Read the text and choose the best option A or B to complete the sentences.
The Pilgrims were
a. English people.
b. Native Americans.

The captain's first name was

a. Christopher
b. Oceanus

The journey to the new country

a. Lasted a month.
b. Wasn´t easy.

The Pilgrims managed to have enough food because the natives

a. Helped them grow crops.
b. Offered them their harvest.
Grammar
Simple past
(Regular – affirmative)
3. Fill in the blanks with the simple past form of the verbs in parentheses.
 The Pilgrims arrived (arrive) in America on the Mayflower.
 They wanted (want) to short a new life there.
 They tried (try) hard to survive.
 They stayed (stay) at a place called Plymouth.
 Half of the people survived (survive) the hard winter.
 One day, a Native American entered (enter) their village
  He welcomed (welcome) them to the new country.
 He and his friends showed (show) them how to grow crops.
 The Pilgrims thanked (thank) the natives for their help.
 They all celebrated (celebrate) the harvest with a feast.
Pronuntiation
4. a) Write the simple past of the following verbs. listen and check. Listen and
repeat.
5. /t/ /d/ /id/
1 watch watched 
2 Like Liked 
3 Arrive Arrived 
4 Visit Visited 
5 Stop Stopped 
6 Walk Walked 
b) Use four of the verbs above to write sentences about you and your
friends.
 I watched TV last night with Ana and Laila.
 I liked studying English with my friends.
 My friends and I have walked a lot to get to the amusement park.
 Mileidy and I have arrived tired from the trip we took to Panama.
 Past simple (negative and interrogative)

For the negative and interrogative simple past form of

"to do" as an ordinary verb, use the auxiliary "did", e.g.
we didn't do our homework last night. The negative of
"have" in the simple past is usually formed using the
auxiliary "did", but sometimes by simply adding not or
the contraction "n't".
Past simple tense.

1. Write the past simple form of the following verbs and find out
what the solution is:

W 5 7 S 12 F 14 G
1 2 A V 6 C L 9 10 C O W A
O S 3 N I D A E P W 11 L U A V
P A S T S I M P L E T E N S E
E W O E I D E T A N O A D H
N L D T Y T L N E
E D E E D E D
D D D D

2. Complete the sentences with the correct verbs using the Simple
Past Tense.
 My sister did her homework an hour ago.
 My parents gave me a birthday present.
 He found his socks. They were under the bed.
 Mum cleaned my room yesterday afternoon.
 I saw my teacher in the park yesterday.
 Bill came to work by car yesterday morning.
 We wanted to go to the beach last weekend.
 Peter told me a very funny joke.
 They sold their old car for $5000.
 She washed her hair two times last week.
 Mr Potter played tennis when he was young.
 We slept in a very comfortable bed.
 She opened the kitchen window.
 David went to my house yesterday.
 Tom visited his grandparents yesterday.
UNIT
N° 3
 HAVE TO

We use have to show obligation and

strong advice. Have to is used in a bare
form with all pronouns
 MUST AND MUSTN´T

Must

WE USE MUST TO SHOW

OBLIGATION AND STRONG
ADVICE.
MUST IS USED IN A
BARE FORM WITH ALL
PRONOUNS.
Mustn´t

WE USE MUSTN’T TO TALK

ABOUT PROHIBITIONS.
WHEN SOMETHING IS
FORBIDDEN. WE USE THIS
MODAL VERB TO EXPRESS
IT.
 SHOULD / SHOULDN’T

 We use should to ask for and give

advice or state a personal opinion.
 And we can also use in the negative
(shouldn’t) and question forms.
 Note:  We use the base form of the
verb after Should/ Shouldn´t
Survival
Vocabulary
Accidents
Listen and repeat.

Grammar
Should (advice)
4. a) Read the theory. Find examples in the text. Now, listen to the examples and
repeat.

b) Fill in: should or shouldn´t. Read the sentences aloud. Pay attention to the
intonation.
1. You shouldn´t swing from trees as branches could break.
2. You shouldn´t sleep under dead trees.
3. You should keep to the forest floor.
4. You should always check your books.
5. You should avoid swimming in the river and lakes.
Everyday English
Give advice
5. a) Use the table to ask for/ give/ accept or reject advice in the following
situations.
 Your friend wants to lose weight.
 Your brother want to buy a camera, but he doesn´t have any money.
 Your cousin wants to get lit, but doesn´t really like sport.
 MAY AND CAN

"May" (power) are modal verbs.

While Can is used to express ability
and sometimes permission in
colloquial contexts, May is used to
express possibility and ask or give
permission in formal contexts.
Is it allowed?
Vocabulary
Camping equipment
1. Match the pictures (1 - 10) with the words/phrases [A – J].
Listen and repeat.
A 6 Map
B 3 Cell phone
C 1 Waterproof
D 7 Compass
E 9 Whistle
F 10 First. Aid kit
G 5 Flashlight
H 2 Sleeping bag
I 8 Matches
J 4 Insect repellent

Use can or can´t and the verbs in the list to complete the rules in Redwood Camp.
wash short bring have make ride
1. You can´t make on open complete. Use the fire pits.
2. You can ride your bicycles, but not on the road.
3. You can bring dogs, but you must keep them on a leash at all times.
4. Can we have visitors? Yes, you can provided they check in at the office.
5. Can we wash vehicles at the campsite? I´m afraid you can´t. Use the water
hose at the gas station.
 6. You can´t start any noise from 11 pm to 7 am.
Pronunciation
Can – can´t?
Listen and circle the correct item. Listen again and repeat. Pay attention to the
intonation.
1. You can / can´t run around the pool.
2. You can / can´t use the pool after 6 pm.
3. You can / can´t sunbathe near the pool.
4. You can / can´t use sunscreen.
5. You can / can´t have guide dogs at the pool.
6. You can / can´t eat near the pool.
Listening & Speaking
Listen and mark the sentences as T (true) or F (false).
Redwood camp
General counselors.
1. You can stay in cabins with a group of children.
2. You can´t eat in the cabins.
3. You can´t have your car at the camp.
4. You can have one day all each week.
5. You can´t leave the camp during your breaks.
UNIT
N° 4
 BE GOING TO

We use be going to future tense to talk about

planned future states and actions.

After be going to we use the bare form of the main

verb.
Vacations
Vacation activities
1. Listen and repeat. Match the phrases [1-8] to the pictures [A-H].

1 B Lit on a golden sandy beach

2 E Visit Mayan pyramids
3 D Go on a safari
4 H Swim with dolphins
5 C Hike
6 G Shop for souvenirs
7 F Try local dishes
8 A Climb a volcano
Reading
2. a) Look, at the beginning of the email. Who is it to / from? What is it about?
o Listen, read, and check.

Who is it to / from?
 It's from Ethan
What is it about?
It’s about a dream vacation
b) Read again. Which of the activities in Ex. 1 can you find in the email?
o Climb a volcano
o Visit Mayan pyramids

c) THINK. Ethan think this vacation is the best ever. Find two reasons is his
email.
 Because he's going to have three weeks of vacation.
 They will be with the family and it will be a dream vacation.

Grammar
Be going to (affirmative)
3. a) Read the table. Find examples in the email on p. 72.

 We are going to spend three weeks in Mexico.

 It is going to be the best vacation ever.
 My dad is going to pick up the tomorrow.
 We are going to do lot of interesting thing.
 Mom and dad are going to climb The Pico of Orizaba is a
Volcano.
 Bill and I are going to visit Mayan pyramids and go hiking.
 I´m sure it´s going to be a great trip.
b) Complete the sentences with the correct form of be going to and the
verbs in parentheses.
While on vacation…
1) Jonny is going to take [take] a lot of photographs.
2) Tony and Mark are going to visit [visit] an archaeological site.
3) Simon is going to climb [climb] a volcano.
4) The kids are going to wake up [wake up] very late.
 5) Mary is going to sunbathe [sunbathe] all morning.
6) Bill is going to fly [fly] a helicopter.
c) Look at the pictures. Use these verbs to write what each person is going to do:
eat, dive, drink, play, and swim.

 Abby is going to eat a sandwich.

 Alexis and Michael are going to play ball.
 Carlos is going to swim in the sea.
 Maria is going to water.
 Aaron is going to dive.
4. Write sentences using these phrases.

Buy/car Play tennis Cook lunch

Open window Travel abroad See/movie

1) Becky is hungry. She is going to cook lunch.

2) Tony´s hot. Tony is going to open the window
3) Jeff got his driving license. Jeff is going to buy a car
4) The Smiths are packing their suitcases. The Smiths are going
to travel abroad
5) Save is holding a racquet. Save is going to play tennis
6) Paul and Danny are outside the movie theater. Paul and
Danny are going to see a movie.

Listening
5. a) Listen to Tony talking about his summer vacation and circle the correct
word.
1) Tony is going to spend his vacation in Malaga / Almeria.
2) He is going to travel with his friends / parents.
3) He is going to travel by car / plane.
4) He is going to stay at a hotel / house.
5) He is going to stay there for two/ three weeks.
Eco-tourism

Vocabulary
Eco-tourism activities
1. Match the pictures [A-E] to the activities [1-5].
Listen and repeat.

1 B See sea turtles hatch from their eggs.

2 D Scuba drive clung coral reefs.
3 A Go whale-watching.
4 E Stay in bungalows.
5 C Go sea kayaking?
Listening & Reading
2. a) Read the first two exchanges in the dialogue. Where´s Jeff? Which of the
activities [1-5] do you think he is going to do?
Listen and read to find out.

 Stay in bungalows.
 See sea turtles hatch from their eggs.
 Scuba drive clung coral reefs.
b) Read the dialogue.
 Who´s going to…
1) Scuba dive? Jeff is going to scuba dive.
2) Stay in a bungalow? Jeff is going to stay in a bungalow.
3) Patrol the beach? Jenny is going to patrol the beach.
4) See turtles hatch? Jeff and Jenny are see turtles hatch.
Grammar
Be going to (negative & interrogative)
3. a) Read the table. Find an example in the dialogue on p. 74.

 Are you doing?

 Are you going to scuba dive?
 Jenny isn´t going to go with me, though.
b) Make the sentences negative.
1) There are a lot of people at the pool. (She/ not swim there).
She isn´t going to swim there.
2) He´s afraid of flying. (He/ not travel by plane).
He isn´t going to sea travel by plane.
3) It´s raining. (They/ not go sea kayaking).
They aren´t going to go sea kayaking.
4) She doesn´t have a camera. (She/ not take photographs).
She isn´t take photographs.
4. a) Read the table. Find an example in the dialogue on p. 74.

 Are you doing?

 Are you going to scuba dive?
b) Look at Helen´s schedule. Write complete questions. The answer them.
 1. Helen/ go sailing/ Monday?
Is Helen going to go sailing on Monday?
No, she isn´t.
2. Helen and John/ scuba dive/ Tuesday?
Are Helen and John going to scuba dive on Tuesday?
Yes, they are.
3. Helen´s parents/ visit a museum/ Monday?
Are Helen´s parents going to visit a museum on Monday?
Yes, they are.
4. Monica/ patrol the beach/ Thursday?
Is Monica going to patrol the beach on Thursday?
No, she isn´t.
5. Helen and Monica/ plant tress/ Friday?
Are Helen and Monica going to plant trees on Friday?
No, they aren´t.
c) Look at the note. Then write question to match the answers.

1) What´s Christmas going to do?

She´s going to shop for souvenirs.
2) Who´s Christina going to with?
Tanya´s going with her.
3) Where´re they going to have lunch?
They´re going to have lunch is town.
4) What time are they going to return?
They´re going to be back before 4 pm.
 WILL AND WON´T

We use future simple tense to talk about

predictions, premises and voluntary actions in
the future.
In days to come
Vocabulary
The future
1. Listen and repeat.

Reading
2. Are you a pessimist or an optimist? Take the quiz to find out. Mark each
prediction with 1-5 according to what you think will happen.
Maybe 3° Definitely 5° Probably 4° I doubt it 2°
Definitely
not 1°
We all have question about the future. How will things change? What will
we become? Some of us see a bright future while others think life won´t be
so easy. How about you? What do you think will happen in the next 50
year?
1 People will healthier and live longer 1
2 Scientists will find a cure for cancer 2
3 There will be enough food for everyone 3
4 Hundreds of animal species will lose their homes or become
extinct
5 Many divers and lakes will dry up
6 Researchers will find a new clean source of energy before fossil 4
fuels nun out
7 Govemments will stop wars
 8 Global temperatures will rise and cause serious environment
problems.
9 People will go on vacations in space
1 The world will be a better places for everyone 5
0
Grammar
Will (affirmative, negative, interrogative)
3. a) Read the table.

b) Fill in: will or won´t. Is the person optimistic or pessimistic?

I´m sure life in 2100 1) will be very different from life today.
People 2) will live longer because they 3) will lead healthier lives.
There 4) won´t be as many diseases and we 5) will all have enough
food to eat. All nations 6) will be at peace and there 7) won´t be any
more wars. Our world 8) will be a beautiful place do live in!
c) Write complete questions. The answer them.
 People/ spend vacations/ on the moon?
Will people spend their vacations on the moon? Yes, they will. /No, they
won´t.
 Robots/ do all the housework?
The robots will do all the housework? Yes, they will. /No, they won´t.
 People/ have more free time?
Will people have more free time? Yes, they will. /No, they won´t.
 Koalas/ become extinct?
The koalas are going extinct? Yes, they will. /No, they won´t.
 Cars/ fly in the air?
Will cars be able to fly in the air?
 People/ read books?
Will people read books? Yes, they will. /No, they won´t.
 People/ use money?
Won't people use money? Yes, they will. /No, they won´t.

Pronunciation
4. a) Listen and underline the sentences you hear.
 I go. - I´ll go.
 We live. – We´ll live.
 You go. – You´ll go.
 They have. – They´ll have.
Everyday English
Expressing certainty/ uncertainty
b) Use the language in the table and the ideas in Ex. 1 to ask and answer, or in the
example. You can also use your own ideas.

Will people stop wars?

I don´t think so. / Probably.

Writing
5. THINK. Write five predictions about what life will be like in 50 years. Read
them to the class. Are you a pessimist or an optimist?
o We will continue to interact in the same way in the world, also
the way we communicate.
o People will healthier and live longer.
o Scientists will find a cure for cancer.
o There will be enough food for everyone.
o People will go on vacations in space.
o The world will be a better places for everyone.