Exam paper Foreign Language 6 Spring Semester, 2020-2021 academic year

Agreed Approved
At the Meeting of the Educational and By the Head of Language Centre
Methodological Committee Zh.A.Tatyyeva
Of the University of International Business

Student:__Taipova Alina______________________ Total time: 48 hours or2 days

Date: __11.05.2021____________________________ Total score: _____/ 100

Unconditional basic or basic income, abbreviated UBI is a model of social benefits that involves
regular payments of the same amount of money to each member of society, regardless of social status,
age, or other characteristics.

The idea of UBI is centrally promoted by the organization "Basic Income Earth Network". (The idea of
a common minimum income guaranteed by the state first appeared in Thomas More's Utopia in the
sixteenth century.) Proponents of this concept spread information about the idea of basic income and
explore the results of experiments on its implementation. In their opinion, the UBI should meet the
following criteria:
1. Be periodic, that is, paid regularly;
2. To be paid in cash, so that the recipients can decide for themselves what to spend it on;
3. Be paid to all citizens, not to their individual categories;
4. Be universal and unconditional, there should be no selection by criteria or special
requirements....

Most economists believe that Kazakhstan is not yet ready for the introduction of an universal basic
income (UBI), the introduction of which involves the abolition of all social benefits and monthly
payment to absolutely every citizen of Kazakhstan, regardless of their financial situation. The Kazakh
government simply does not have enough money for this(1).

President Nursultan Nazarbayev instructed the government to study the possibility of introducing an
universal basic income (UBI).

According to the idea, when implementing the UBI, it will be necessary to cancel all social benefits.
That means, students, large families and low-income families will no longer receive monthly
payments. Instead, all citizens of the republic, without exception, will be able to count on budget
money for the sole reason that they are citizens of the republic.

In theoretical discussions, proponents of this concept believe that the introduction of UBI will solve
the problem of poverty and technological unemployment, reduce the problem of economic inequality,
reduce the cost of administering social programs, since it does not require a fitness test, and allow
people to do what they want, and not what the market requires.

At the expense of an unconditional basic income, the problem of poverty will be solved, since the poor
population will receive sufficient income for their existence, and this will affect crime and social
tension in society.

Opponents of such a measure believe that this is difficult to implement in the current political
situation: the system requires large expenditures, and an unconditional basic income reduces the value
of labor, especially low-paid jobs.
Exam paper Foreign Language 6 Spring Semester, 2020-2021 academic year

In addition, UBI can cause an influx of migrants. Such a system also creates conditions in which the
disabled, the chronically ill, the elderly and other similar groups are left alone with their problems and
society no longer needs to pay attention to them.

According to experts, any country can find money for these payments. According to official data,
developing countries will spend $3.1 trillion on debt repayment in 2020. And if payments are
suspended on a large scale, countries will be able to direct these funds to emergency measures to
combat the consequences of the coronavirus crisis. That is why the UN Secretary-General is in favor
of freezing international debts.

To support citizens who have lost some or all of their income due to the quarantine, national
governments issue social benefits. In Kazakhstan, part of the population twice paid benefits in the
amount of the minimum wage – 42,500 tenge.

The introduction of a basic income is almost impossible, as it does not fit into the current economic
system. The situation can only change when ubiquitous automation and robotization come into play,
which will dramatically increase labor productivity and free up significant human resources. ...

Sources:
1 Кursiv.kz.
2 Zonakz.net
3 Online.zakon.kz