8. Thread cycles 8.1 Thread cycles 8.1.1 Constant Lead Thread (G32) 8.1.2 Continuous Thread (G32) 8.1.3 Variable Lead Thread (G34) 8.1.4 Multiple Thread Cutting Cycle (G32,G34,G76,G92) 8.2 Incorrect Thread Length 8.3 Cutting depth of Thread Process (Metric 60°) et TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles 8.1 Thread cycles (1) Constant Lead thread (G32,G76,G92) AGA whl] eS (2) Variable Lead Cycle (G34) ON (3) Circular Thread (635,636) (4) Continuous Thread (G32) x Gat — oH (5) Multiple thread (632,G34,G76,G92) Note ) Set the Parameter 5103 #1 to be 1 in Thread cycle During a thread cycle, Feed forward is enabled(0), isabled (1). Thread cycle (G32, 634-G36,676,692) 82 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles 8.1.1 Constant Lead Thread (G32) ‘Tapered screws and scroll threads in addition to equal lead straight threads can be cut by using a G32 command. The spindle speed is read from the position coder on the spindle in real time and converted to a cutting feedrate for-feed-per minute mode, which is used to move the tool. (1) Command format X(U) : The end point of X of threading operation Z(W) : The end point of Z of threading operation F _: Thread lead of long axis * Straight thread : G32 Z_F_; Face thread : G32 X_F_ x 4 _-- Tapered thread >Z wz }—___+-____ + aS 45° lead is LZ a2 45° lead is LX Note 1) Thread lead should be designated in a radius value Note 2) In the G32 mode, thread cutting pattern is not repeated. Note 3) For the thread lead, designate the lead along the Z axis if the thread tapered angle is less than 45°. Ifthe tapered angle is 45° to 90°, designate the lead along the X-axis. Note 4) For cutting TP! cutting, calculate the pitch between the threads in “mm in units of 1/10000 mm and designate the result of calculation following address F. To cut 14 TP! thread, designate as F1.8143 . Thread cycle (G32,G34-G36,G76,G92) 83 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles (2) example < straight thread > < Taper thread > Lead of screw : 3mm Lead of screw : 3mm 34:Smm 82:1.5mm Depth of cut : 1mm(2cut two times) 81: 5mm 82: 1.5mm Depth of cut: 1mm{2cut two times) G50 T0100 G50 $800 T0100 G97 S800 M0ZP11; G97 S800 M03 P11; G00 X90.0 25.0 T0101 MS G00 X90.0 Z5.0 T0101 48.0 22.026 32.2715 F30 632 X49,5622-71.5 F3.0 00 x80.0 G00 x90.0 25.0 25.0 X46.0 21.052 G22Z 715 632 X48.588 2-715 00 x80.0 G00 x90.0 20 25.0 X150.0 2150.0 T0100 X180.0 2150.0 T0100 30 30 Thread cycle (G32, 634-G36,G76,692) a4 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles 8.1.2 Continuous Thread (G32) This function for continuous thread cutting is such that fractional pulse output a joint between move blocks are overlapped with the next move for pulse processing and output. (block overlap) Therefore, discontinuous machining sections caused by the interruption of move during continuous block machining are eliminated, thus making it possible to continuously direct the block for thread cutting instructions. (1) Command format X1~ Xn (U1 ~ Un) : The end point of X of each threading operation 21 ~ Zn (W1 ~Wn) : The end point of Z of each threading operation F _ : Thread lead of long axis Note 1) Block overlap is effective even for G01 command, producing a more excellent finishing surface. Note 2) When extreme micro blocks continue, no block overlap may function. (2) example G4oe30u0wo | N47GoUo Todoama2 | 632U-.813W-1.5F.2 69781303 P11; | G32U.2748W-4.398F.2 GOX6.221.01M8 | GoU.s382 #1=0 | ws.898 N52GOU-.0082W0.0005 | wtf 141] 632U-.813W-1.5F.2 | IF[#1LT2]GoTO47 632U.2748W-4,398F.2 | @3ouowome G0U.5382 | M30 W5.898 H #t=[# 141] ! IF [#1LT15] GOTOS2 ! #120 ' i \ Thread cycle (G32,G34-G36,G76,G92) a5 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles 8.1.3 Variable Lead Thread (G34) Specifying an increment or a decrement value for a lead per screw revolution enables variable-lead thread cutting to be performed. (1) Command format X(U) : The end point of X of threading operation Z(W) : The end point of Z of threading operation F _ : lead in longitudinal axis direction at the start point K _: increment and decrement of lead per spindle revolution AW Note 1) Address other than K are the same as in straight / taper thread cutting with G32, Note 2) the “Thread cutting cycle Retract” is not effective for G34. (2) example Lead at the start point : 8.0mm. Lead increment 0.3 mmirev G34 Z-72.0 F8.0 K0.3 ; Thread cycle (G32,G34-G36,G76,G92) 86 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles 8.1.4 Multiple Thread Cutting (G32,G34,G76,G92) Using the Q address to specify an angle between the one-spindle-rotation signal and the start of threading shifts the threading start angle, making it possible to produce multiple- thread screws with ease. (1) Command format Type -1 Type -2 Using the start angle (Q address) Shift the start point of every angle except putting start angle Q:: threading start angle X1_Z1_: start point of thread 5 Note 1) The start angle is not a modal value. It must be specified each time itis used. Ifa value is not specified, 0 is assumed Note 2) The start angle (Q) increment is 0.001 degrees. Note that no decimal point can be specified. 180° > Q180000 Note 3) A start angle (Q) of between 0 and 360000 can be specified. Ifa value greater than 360000 (360’) is specified, it is rounded down to 360000. Note 4) For the G76 multiple-thread cutting command, always use the FS15 tape format. Thread cycle (G32,G34-G36,G76,G92) a7 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles (2) Example-1 (632) G00 x40 G32 W-38.0 Fipitch x 2) QO G00 X72.0 w36.0 x40.0 G32 W-38.0 F (pitch x 2) 180000 G00 X72.0 W36.0 (3) Example-2 (G76) > sranterm acute 1 | mean | ' 1300 ! 19.00 H iets cht | Tae ' TARE ' ' -_—_| a al | a | ' i LLL ' | ra | rm | 628 vo Wo vo | G28 uo wo G54G40G80G99 { G54G40G80G99 G50S3000 H M85 G97M3S1000P11 | G97M3S100P11 G0Z17.442T1111M8 H G00Z10.0T1111M8 ‘X29. H G0X35.0 G76P010200Q100R.05 | G76P020000Q50R30 G76X25.8Z-11.5P1000Q400ROF (pitch x 3) H G76X29.4Z-34.0P1300Q50F (pitch x 3) G0z19.558 | Gooz17.738 G76P010200Q100R.05 Hl G76P020000Q50R30 G76X25.8Z-11.5P1000Q400ROF (pitch x 3) I G76X29.4Z-34.0P1300Q50F (pitch x 3) G0Z21.674 | G00Z25.476 G76P010200Q100R.05 H G76P020000Q50R30 G76X25.8Z-11.5P1000Q400ROF (pitch x 3) | G76X29.4Z-34.0P1300Q50F (pitch x 3) G0X200.Z10. | G00X40,0225.476 G28U0 WO VO Mog | G28U0 WO M9 M30 ! M30 ' Thread cycle (G32,G34-G36,G76,G92) 28 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles (4) Example-3 (692) ' | N20G0Z33.0 | G92x184.952-140.0F25.0 | G0Z35.5 | G92x184.952-140.0F25.0 a | G0z38.0 | G92X184.952-140.0F25.0 4 42} Goza0.5 | G92X184.952-140.0F25.0 { + | G0z43.0 | G92X184,952-140,0F25.0 . ¢ | G0z45.5 7 | G92x184.952-140.0F25.0 | G0z48.0 | G92X184,952-140.0F25.0 | Gozs0.5 | G92X184,952-140.0F25.0 | G0Z53.0 | G92X184,952-140,0F25.0 | G0zs5.5 G28uowo | G92x184,952-140.0F 25.0 T0303 | oma G97S80M3P11 ! GOX188.0233.0M8 \ Geaxtea 902-140 OF 25.0 G92X185.02-140.0F 25.0 | 602355 G0Z35.5 ! - G92X185.02-140.0F 25.0 | Goze0 G0Z38.0 | G92X185.0Z-140.0F 25.0 ' Sonos S02 140.0828 0240.5 I G92X185.02-140.0F 25.0 ' Gaaao ese 0243.0 I ~ 0243.0 oor280 | G92X184,902-140.0F25.0 Geaxts | 0245.5 G92X185.02-140.0F 25.0 | Gomso G0Z48.0 1 692X185.02-140.0F 25.0 ' Soreoe S02 140.0828 G0Z50.5 I G92X185.02-140.0F 25.0 1 asa ee G0Z53.0 I ‘ G92X185.02-140.0F 25.0 | Govsss noor750 G0Z55.5 | Gaaxted 90z-140.0F25.0 ' - e2x195.02-140.0F25.0 | G28 uo wo | M30 I I ! Thread cycle (G32,G34-G36,G76,G92) a9 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles 8.1.5 Circular Threading (635,636) Using the Option for G35 and G36 commands, a circular thread, having the specified lead in the direction of the major axis, can be machined. (1) Command format G35_: clockwise circular threading command G36_: counterclockwise circular threading command X (U) : specify the arc end point of X (in the same way as for GO2,G03) ZW): specify the arc end point of Z (in the same way as for GO2,G03) LK: specify the arc center relative to the start point, using relative coordinates (in the same way as for GO2,G03) R _ : specify the arc radius F specify the lead in the direction of major axis Q _: specify the shift of the threading start angle (0°~360" , Q180000=180") End point ZX) Note 1) If R is specified with | and K, only R is effective, Note 2) If an additional axis other than the X- and Z ~axes is provided, circular threading can be specified for a plane other than the ZX plane. The method of specification is the same as that for G02 and G03, Thread cycle (G32,G34-G36,G76,G92) 8-10 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles Note 3) Parameter 3405#3 = 1 G35/G36 > CW/ CCWircular threading G37 » automatic tool compensation Z G37.1/G37.2 > automatic tool compensation X/Z Note 4) Parameter 3405#3=0 G36 » automatic tool compensation X Note 5) Lead angle = Lead / (21) = Lead / (xd) (2) Limitations An are must be specified such that it falls within a range in which the major axis of the are is always the Z-axis or always the X-axis, as shown inFig.(a)and(b). ‘Tf the are includes a point at which the major axis changes from the X-axis to Z-axis, or vice versa, as shown in Fig (c). PIS alarm 5058 is issued. x x Star point End point Start point : 7 >Z >Z : 0 as End point (a) Range in which the Z-axis is the major axis (b) Range in which the X-axis is the major axis, x ~~ |<. Start paint The major axis changes at this point. —o End paint (c) Example of are specification which causes an alarm Thread cycle (G32,G34-G36,G76,G92) ett TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles 8.2 Incorrect threaded length The leads of a thread are generally incorrect in 8 and Bp, as shownin Fig. D.1 (2), due to automatic acceleration and deceleration. Thus distance allowances must be made to the extent of 5; and 6; in the programn (5 + ke 5. b {a) Incorrect thread position (1) How to determine 3, IR 7800 * (mm) ‘When time constant T of the servo system is 0.033 s. R= Spindle speed (min-) L: Thread lead (mm) (2) How to determine §, ‘When time constant T of the (mm) | servo system is 0.033 s. = 6,-1-ina) (mm) R> Spindle speed (min-!) L_Thread lead (mm) (3) Example V=100m/min a1=@9x Lxn L=15 1800 D= 50mm = a=001 oo n=(Vx 1000) / (Dx) = (100X1000) / (50 x) = 640r/min Lead of thread t= ax62 11= Rotating time of main spindle = 3,605 x 1.5 x 640/1800 62 = 1.5 x 640/1800 Incorrect threaded length B12 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles (4) How to use monograph First specify the elas and the lead of a thread. The thread aceuracy, 0, will be obtained at (1), and depending on the time constant of cutting feed acceleration’ deceleration, the 8 value when V = 10mm / s will be obtained at (2). Then, depending on the speed of thread entting, 8; for speed other than 10mmy’s can be obtained at (3). 8,(V=10mmisec) Notes) k The equations for 61, \v=20mm’soe and 62 are for when the acceleration / de- Time constant of fj an celeration time constant Se @ for cutting feed is 0. : SS Tt oO; a t, ay NP 9 ‘See the graph in reference later in -—_——— + ihemantad or anscual eaple Nomograph speed iy cheead auc je P ota Nomograph for obtaining approach distance 34 Incorrect threaded length 213 TT31iPG90- ba8. Thread cycles 8.3 Cutting depth of thread process ( Metric 60° ) Dd) D2 (d2) D1 (a1) > Example M35xP1.0 > D(d) =35 Ht = 0.54127P = 5/8H > ap +H2 D2 = D-0.64952P 07 + (0.25+0.2+0.1+0.05) Dt = D-1.08253P = 067 prek p10] 1.0 ] 125] 15 J 175] 20] 25] 30] a5 | 40] 45] 50 Total infeed 0.67| 08 | 0.94| 1.14|1.28| 1.58 [1.89 fz20 250 4a0 $12 curtwe peer | ra [os |o74]aaa] 105 |110/ 740/479] 208 | 228] 268] 298 commer sound | R [0.07 [ooo 0.11] 072 [o1a| 018/022] 025|020| 022) 025 + [028 [020/020] 030/020] 020/038 ]o25[o28| 0.0] aus 2 [o20|/020 [020] 025 025) 020 oso] 026 [o25| 0.25] 0.35 a foao/o1t]oa| ore [020/028 [026] 0.20 [a20| 0.20] 0.32 = [oos|ooa[o12] 012 |o.14[ 020,022] 025 [026020] 0.30 5 008 [a0[oi0 [0.11] 015 [ore] 020 [ozs 025] 025 screw | 0.8 | aor foos| 0.11 fo.13} 0.18] 020 [022] 028 7 08 [0.06 | 0.02 fora] 0.12 for] 0.20] 0.20 cuTTING 3 o08| 007 [ows [o.70] 014 [ors] 0.17 NUMBER OF ° a5 [oor |o0s [ot foi2| 07 Tes 70 005] 008040) o10| 075 " 005] 0.08 [o08 | 008] 0.10 2 0.08 | 008 | 0.08 | 0.10 2B 0.08 [008 | 0.08 4 0.08 | 0.05 e 0.08 | 0.08 Cutting depth of thread cutting etd TT31iPG90- ba