26/06/2021 Heinrich Mann - Wikipedia

Heinrich Mann
Luiz (Ludwig) Heinrich Mann (German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç ˈman]
( listen); 27 March 1871 – 11 March 1950) was a German novelist
who wrote works with social themes. From 1930 until 1933 he
was president of the fine poetry division of the Prussian Academy
of Arts. His numerous criticisms of the growth of fascism forced
him to flee Germany after the Nazis came to power during 1933.

Contents
Early life
Work
Later life
Popular culture
Heinrich Mann, 1906
Film adaptations
See also
References
Further reading
External links

Early life
Born in Lübeck, as the oldest child of Senator Thomas Johann Heinrich Mann, grain merchant and
finance minister of the Free City of Lübeck, a state of the German Empire, and Júlia da Silva Bruhns.
He was the elder brother of novelist Thomas Mann.[1] The Mann family was an affluent family of
grain merchants of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck. After the death of his father, his mother relocated
the family to Munich, where Heinrich began his career as a freier Schriftsteller (free novelist).

Work
Mann's essay on Émile Zola and the novel Der Untertan (first published 1905) earned him much
respect during the Weimar Republic, since they satirized Imperial German society. Later, in 1930, his
book Professor Unrat was freely adapted into the movie Der Blaue Engel (The Blue Angel). Carl
Zuckmayer wrote the script, and Josef von Sternberg was the director. Mann wanted his paramour,
the actress Trude Hesterberg, to play the main female part as the "actress" Lola Lola (named Rosa
Fröhlich in the novel), but Marlene Dietrich was given the part, her first sound role.

Together with Albert Einstein and other celebrities during 1932, Mann was a signatory to the "Urgent
Call for Unity", asking the voters to reject the Nazis. Einstein and Mann had previously co-authored a
letter during 1931 condemning the murder of Croatian scholar Milan Šufflay.

Mann became persona non grata in Nazi Germany and left even before the Reichstag fire of 1933. He
went to France where he lived in Paris and Nice. During the German occupation, he made his way to
Marseille, where he was aided by Varian Fry during 1940 to escape to Spain. With him were his wife
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Nelly Kröger, his nephew Golo Mann, Alma Mahler-Werfel and Franz Werfel. After arriving in
Portugal, the group stayed in Monte Estoril, at the Grande Hotel D’Itália, between 18 September and
4 October 1940.[2] On 4 October 1940, they boarded the S.S. Nea Hellas, headed for New York City.

The Nazis burnt Heinrich Mann's books as "contrary to the German spirit" during the infamous book
burning of May 10, 1933, which was instigated by the then Nazi propaganda minister Joseph
Goebbels.

Later life
During the 1930s and later in American exile, Mann's literary
popularity waned. Nevertheless, he wrote Die Jugend des Königs
Henri Quatre and Die Vollendung des Königs Henri Quatre as
part of the Exilliteratur. The two novels described the life and
importance of Henry IV of France and were acclaimed by his
brother Thomas Mann, who spoke of the "great splendour and
dynamic art" of the work. The plot, based on Europe's early
modern history from a French perspective, anticipated the end of
French–German enmity.

His second wife, Nelly Mann (1898–1944), committed suicide in

Los Angeles.

Heinrich Mann died on March 11, 1950, sixteen days before his
79th birthday, in Santa Monica, California, lonely and without
much money, just months before he was to relocate to East Berlin
to become president of the German Academy of Arts. His ashes Mann's grave in Berlin
were later taken to East Germany and were interred at the
Dorotheenstadt Cemetery in a grave of honor.

Popular culture
Mann was portrayed by Alec Guinness in the 1992 television adaptation of Christopher Hampton's
play Tales from Hollywood.

In Die Manns – Ein Jahrhundertroman (2001) he was played by Jürgen Hentsch.

Film adaptations
The Blue Angel, directed by Josef von Sternberg (Germany, 1930, based on the novel Professor
Unrat)
Der Untertan, directed by Wolfgang Staudte (East Germany, 1951, based on the novel Der
Untertan)
The Blue Angel, directed by Edward Dmytryk (USA, 1959, based on the novel Professor Unrat)
Madame Legros, directed by Michael Kehlmann (West Germany, 1968, TV film, based on the
play Madame Legros)
Man of Straw, directed by Herbert Wise (UK, 1972, TV miniseries, based on the novel Der
Untertan)
Im Schlaraffenland, directed by Kurt Jung-Alsen (East Germany, 1975, TV film, based on the
novel Im Schlaraffenland)
Belcanto oder Darf eine Nutte schluchzen?, directed by Robert van Ackeren (West Germany,
1977, based on the novel Empfang bei der Welt)

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Die Verführbaren, directed by Helmut Schiemann (East Germany, 1977, TV film, based on the
novel Ein ernstes Leben)
Le Roi qui vient du sud, directed by Marcel Camus and Heinz Schirk (France, 1979, TV
miniseries, based on the novel Die Jugend des Königs Henri Quatre)
Im Schlaraffenland, directed by Fritz Umgelter (West Germany, 1981, TV film, based on the novel
Im Schlaraffenland)
Suturp – Eine Liebesgeschichte, directed by Gerd Keil (East Germany, 1981, TV film, based on
the short story Suturp)
Die traurige Geschichte von Friedrich dem Großen, directed by Alexander Lang (East Germany,
1983, TV film, based on the unfinished Die traurige Geschichte von Friedrich dem Großen)
Varieté, directed by Martin Eckermann (East Germany, 1985, TV film, based on the play Varieté)
Endstation Harembar, directed by Rainer Wolffhardt (Germany, 1992, TV film, based on the novel
Ein ernstes Leben)
Henri 4, directed by Jo Baier (Germany, 2010, based on the novels Die Jugend des Königs Henri
Quatre and Die Vollendung des Königs Henri Quatre)

See also
Exilliteratur
Dohm-Mann family tree
Urgent Call for Unity

References
1. Liukkonen, Petri. "Heinrich Mann" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130904060528/http://www.kirja
sto.sci.fi/hmann.htm). Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library.
Archived from the original (http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/hmann.htm) on September 4, 2013.
2. Exiles Memorial Center.

Further reading
Gross, David: The Writer and Society: Heinrich Mann and Literary Politics in Germany, 1890–
1940, Humanities Press, New Jersey, 1980, (ISBN 0-391-00972-9)
Hamilton, Nigel: The Brothers Mann: The Lives of Heinrich and Thomas Mann, Yale University
Press, (1978), (ISBN 9780300026689)
Juers, Evelyn: House of Exile: The Life and Times of Heinrich Mann and Nelly Kroeger-Mann,
Giramondo Publishing Co., Australia, 2008, (ISBN 978-1-920882-44-0)
Mauthner, Martin: German Writers in French Exile, 1933–1940, Vallentine Mitchell, London, 2007,
(ISBN 978-0-85303-540-4).
Walter Fähnders/Walter Delabar: Heinrich Mann (1871–1950). Berlin 2005 (Memoria 4)
Heinrich Mann's life in California during World War II, including his relationship with Nelly Mann,
Thomas Mann and Bertolt Brecht, is a subject of Christopher Hampton's play Tales from
Hollywood, where he was played in film by Jeremy Irons (BBC Video Performance: “Tales from
Hollywood”, 1992) and on stage by Keir Dullea (Guthrie Theater, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 2012).

External links
Media related to Heinrich Mann at Wikimedia Commons
Works by Heinrich Mann (https://www.gutenberg.org/author/Mann,+Heinrich) at Project
Gutenberg

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Works by or about Heinrich Mann (https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%2

2Mann%2C%20Heinrich%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Heinrich%20Mann%22%20OR%20cre
ator%3A%22Mann%2C%20Heinrich%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Heinrich%20Mann%22%20
OR%20creator%3A%22Mann%2C%20H%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Heinrich%20Mann%2
2%20OR%20description%3A%22Mann%2C%20Heinrich%22%20OR%20description%3A%22He
inrich%20Mann%22%29%20OR%20%28%221871-1950%22%20AND%20Mann%29%29%20AN
D%20%28-mediatype:software%29) at Internet Archive
Newspaper clippings about Heinrich Mann (http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/011903) in
the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW

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