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Sri Vidya College of Engineering & Technology Virudhunagar: Department: Semester: Vi SUBJECT CODE / Name: CE6602
Sri Vidya College of Engineering & Technology Virudhunagar: Department: Semester: Vi SUBJECT CODE / Name: CE6602
VIRUDHUNAGAR
QUESTION BANK
DEPARTMENT: CIVIL SEMESTER: VI
SUBJECT CODE / Name: CE6602 / STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-II
UNIT 2 - STIFFNESS MATRIX METHOD
PART - A (2 marks)
M
O
2. Define flexibility of a structure. (AUC Apr/May 2011)
C
This method is also called the force method in which the forces in the structure are treated
S.
as unknowns. The no of equations involved is equal to the degree of static indeterminacy of the
U
structure.
C
FO
3. Write down the equation of element stiffness matrix as applied to 2D plane element.
(AUC Nov/Dec 2011)
TS
EI 4 2
K
D
L 2 4
U
ST
4. Define degree of freedom of the structure with an example. (AUC May/June 2012)
What is degree of kinematic indeterminacy and give an example. (AUC Nov/Dec 2011)
Degree of freedom is defined as the least no of independent displacements required to
define the deformed shape of a structure.
There are two types of DOF: (a) Nodal type DOF and (b) Joint type DOF.
For example:
M
8. What are the basic unknowns in stiffness matrix method?
O
In the stiffness matrix method nodal displacements are treated as the basic unknowns for
C
the solution of indeterminate structures.
S.
U
9. Define stiffness coefficient ‘kij’.
C
Stiffness coefficient ‘kij’ is defined as the force developed at joint ‘i’ due to unit displacement at
FO
The aim of the stiffness method is to evaluate the values of generalized coordinates ‘r’
knowing the structure stiffness matrix ‘k’ and nodal loads ‘R’ through the structure equilibrium
D
U
equation.
ST
M
The number of displacements involved is equal to the no of degrees of freedom of the
O
C
structure
S.
The method is the generalization of the slope deflection method.
The same procedure is used for both determinate and indeterminate structures.
U
C
FO
by f = 1/k or k = 1/f.
U
ST
19. Why the stiffness matrix method is also called equilibrium method or displacement method?
Stiffness method is based on the superposition of displacements and hence is also known
as the displacement method. And since it leads to the equilibrium equations the method is also
known as equilibrium method.
Solution:
Step1: Assign coordinates :
M
O
C
Step 2: Fixed End Moment :
S.
U
w 240 x 10
C
8 8
w 240 x 10
TS
w 120 x 10
MFBC 150 kNm
8 8
D
U
w 120 x 10
MFCB 150 kNm
ST
8 8
Step 3: Fixed End Moment Diagram:
300
WO
150
M
O
0.2 0.4 0 0
K EI
C
0 0 0.4 0.2
0 0 0.2 0.4
S.
U
C
FO
0.4 0.2 0 0 1 0
EN
1 0 0 0 0.2 0.4 0 0 0 1
EI
D
0 1 1 0 0 0 0.4 0.2 0 1
U
ST
0 0 0.2 0.4 0 0
1 0
0.4 0.2 0 0 0 1
EI
0.2 0.4 0.4 0.2 0 1
0 0
0.4 0.2
J EI
0.2 0.8
1 1 2.86 0.71
J
EI 0.71 1.43
M
O
0.4 0.2
C
0.2 0.4 964.5
0 0.4 427.5
S.
U
C
0 0.2
FO
TS
300
EN
21.9
P
171
D
U
85.5
ST
0
321.9
M
321
64.5
Solution:
Step1: Assign coordinates:
M
O
Step 2: Fixed End Moment :
C
w 10 x 3 S.
MFAB 3.75 kNm
U
8 8
C
w 10 x 3
MFBA 3.75 kNm
FO
8 8
5 x 32
TS
w 2
MFBC 3.75 kNm
12 12
EN
w 2 5 x 32
MFCB 3.75 kNm
D
12 12
U
0
WO
3.75
M
O
0.67 1.33 0 0
K EI
C
0 0 1.33 0.67
0 0 0.67 1.33
S.
U
C
FO
1.33 0.67 0 0 0 0
EN
0 1 1 0 0.67 1.33 0 0 1 0
EI
D
0 0 0 1 0 0 1.33 0.67 1 0
U
ST
0 0 0.67 1.33 0 1
0 0
0.67 1.33 1.33 0.67 1 0
EI
0 0 0.67 1.33 1 0
0 1
2.66 0.67
J EI
0.67 1.33
1 1 0.431 0.217
J
EI 0.217 0.861
1 0.431 0.217 0 0
EI 0.217 0.861 0 3.75
1 0.814
EI 3.228
M
O
0.67 0
C
1.33 0 0.814
1.33 0.67 3.228
S.
U
C
0.67 1.33
FO
TS
0.545
EN
1.082
P
- 1.081
D
U
-3.75
ST
3.205
4.832
M
4.832
0
Solution:
Step1: Assign coordinates :
M
O
C
S.
U
C
FO
w 30 x 5
MFBC 18.75 kNm
8 8
EN
w 30 x 5
MFBC 18.75 kNm
D
8 8
U
18.75
WO
18.75
M
0 0 0 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 0.8 0.4
O
C
0 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0.8 0.4
S.
U
Step 6 :System stiffness matrix (J):
C
AT K A
FO
J
0.8 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0
TS
0.4 0.8 0 0 0 0 1 0
EN
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0.8 0.4 0 0 1 0
EI
D
0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0.4 0.8 0 0 0 1
U
0 0 0 0 0.8 0.4 0 1
ST
0 0 0 0 0.8 0.4 0 0
0 0
1 0
0.4 0.8 0.8 0.4 0 0 1 0
EI
0 0 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.4 0 1
0 1
0 0
1.6 0.4
J EI
0.4 1.6
1 1 0.67 -0.17
J
EI - 0.17 0.67
M
0 0 0 0 0.8 0.4 0 1
O
0 0 0 0 0.8 0.4 0 0
C
0.4 0 S.
U
0.8 0
C
0 0.8
EN
0 0.4
D
U
6.3
ST
12.6
6.3
P
6.3
12.6
6.3
Step 9 : Final Moments (M):
0 6.3 6.3
0 12.6 12.6
18.75 6.3 12.5
M P
18.75 6.3 12.5
0 12.6 12.6
0 6.3 6.3
Solution:
Step1: Assign coordinates :
M
O
C
Step 2: Fixed End Moment :
w 10 x 3
S.
U
MFAB 3.75 kNm
C
8 8
FO
w 10 x 3
MFBA 3.75 kNm
8 8
TS
w 2 6 x 42
EN
MFBC 8 kNm
12 12
D
2
w 2 6x4
U
MFCB 8 kNm
12 12
ST
3.75
WO
4.25
M
O
0.67 1.33 0 0
K EI
C
0 0 1 0.5
0 0 0.5 1
S.
U
C
FO
1.33 0.67 0 0 1 0
EN
1 0 0 0 0.67 1.33 0 0 0 1
EI
D
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0.5 0 1
U
ST
0 0 0.5 1 0 0
1 0
1.33 0.67 0 0 0 1
EI
0.67 1.33 1 0.5 0 1
0 0
1.33 0.67
J EI
0.67 2.33
1 1 0.879 0.253
J
EI 0.253 0.502
M
1.33 0.67
O
0.67 1.33 2.221
C
0 1 1.185 S.
U
0 0.5
C
FO
3.75
TS
3.06
P
EN
1.185
0.59
D
U
3.75 3.75
3.75 3.06
M P
8 1.185
8 0.59
0
6.81
M
6.81
8.59
Solution:
Step1: Assign coordinates :
M
O
C
S.
U
C
FO
MFBC 55 kNm
8 12 8 12
EN
MFCB
w w 2 30 x 4 30 x 42 55 kNm
D
8 12 8 12
U
0
ST
55
WO
55
M
0 0 0 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 1 0.5
O
C
0 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0.5 1
S.
U
Step 6 :System stiffness matrix (J):
C
AT K A
FO
J
1 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
TS
0.5 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
EN
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.5 0 0 1 0
EI
D
0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 0 0 1
U
0 0 0 0 1 0.5 0 1
ST
0 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 0
0 0
1 0
0.5 1 1 0.5 0 0 1 0
EI
0 0 0.5 1 1 0.5 0 1
0 1
0 0
2 0.5
J EI
0.5 2
1 1 0.53 -0.13
J
EI - 0.13 0.53
1 0.53 -0.13 0 55
EI - 0.13 0.53 0 55
1 36.3
EI 36.3
Step 8 : Element forces (P):
P KA
1 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.5 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
EI 0 0 1 0.5 0 0 1 0 36.3
EI 0 0 0.5 1 0 0 0 1 36.3
M
0 0 0 0 1 0.5 0 1
O
0 0 0 0 0.5 1 0 0
C
0.5 0 S.
U
1 0
C
1 0.5 36.3
FO
0.5 1 36.3
TS
0 1
EN
0 0.5
D
U
18.15
ST
36.3
18.15
P
18.15
36.3
18.15
Step 9 : Final Moments (M):
0 18.15 18.15
0 36.3 36.3
55 18.15 36.3
M P
55 18.15 36.45
0 36.3 36.3
0 18.15 18.15
M
O
C
Step 2: Fixed End Moment : S.
U
w 10 x 10
C
8 8
w 10 x 10
TS
w 2 8 x 82
MFBC 42.67 kNm
12 12
D
U
w 2 8 x 82
MFBC
ST
42.67 kNm
12 12
Step 3: Fixed End Moment Diagram:
30.17
WO
42.67
M
O
0.2 0.4 0 0
K EI
C
0 0 0.5 0.25
0 0 0.25 0.5
S.
U
C
FO
0.4 0.2 0 0 0 0
EN
0 1 1 0 0.2 0.4 0 0 1 0
EI
D
0 0 0 1 0 0 0.5 0.25 1 0
U
ST
0 0 0.25 0.5 0 1
0 0
0.2 0.4 0.5 0.25 1 0
EI
0 0 0.25 0.5 1 0
0 1
0.9 0.25
J EI
0.25 0.5
1 1 1.29 0.65
J
EI 0.65 2.32
M
O
0.2 0
C
0.4 0 66.65
0.5 0.25 118.60
S.
U
C
0.25 0.5
FO
TS
13.33
EN
26.66
P
3.68
D
U
42.64
ST
0.83
39.16
M
39
0
M
O
Step 2: Fixed End Moment :
C
S.
U
w 2 8 x 92
C
MFBC 54 ton.m
12 12
FO
w 2 8 x 92
MFCB 54 ton.m
TS
12 12
EN
54
WO
54
M
0 0 0 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 0.44 0.22
O
C
0 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0.22 0.44
S.
U
Step 6 :System stiffness matrix (J):
C
AT K A
FO
J
0.44 0.22 0 0 0 0 0 0
TS
0.22 0.44 0 0 0 0 1 0
EN
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0.44 0.22 0 0 1 0
EI
D
0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0.22 0.44 0 0 0 1
U
0 0 0 0 0.44 0.22 0 1
ST
0 0 0 0 0.22 0.44 0 0
0 0
1 0
0.22 0.44 0.44 0.22 0 0 1 0
EI
0 0 0.22 0.44 0.44 0.22 0 1
0 1
0 0
0.88 0.22
J EI
0.22 0.88
1 1 1.212 -0.303
J
EI - 0.303 1.212
1 1.212 -0.303 0 54
EI - 0.303 1.212 0 54
1 81.81
EI 81.81
Step 8 : Element forces (P):
P KA
0.44 0.22 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.22 0.44 0 0 0 0 1 0
EI 0 0 0.44 0.22 0 0 1 0 81.81
EI 0 0 0.22 0.44 0 0 0 1 81.81
M
0 0 0 0 0.44 0.22 0 1
O
0 0 0 0 0.22 0.44 0 0
C
0.22 0 S.
U
0.44 0
C
0 0.44
EN
0 0.22
D
U
18
ST
36
18
P
18
36
18
Member AE L
AD 400 400
BD 461.9 461.9
CD 800 800
Solution:
Step 1: Assign coordinates:
i) Global coordinates: ii) Local coordinates:
M
O
C
S.
U
C
FO
TS
EN
M
0 0.5 0.866 0.5
O
C
0.866
J 1 S.
U
1
J 1
C
FO
1 x 80 80
EN
P KA
U
1 0 0 0
ST
0 1 0 0.5 80
0 0 1 0.866
0
0.5 80
0.866
0
Final forces, P 40
69.28
Solution:
Step1: Assign coordinates :
M
O
C
S.
U
C
2
w 2 30 x 8
TS
2
w 2 30 x 8
MFCB 160 kN.m
12 12
D
U
0
O
W 160
160
1
0 0
4
1 0.25 0 0
1 0
4 0.25 1 0
0 1 0 0 1 0
A
0 0 1 0 0 1
1 0.125 0 1
0 1
8 0.125 0 0
1
0 0
8
M
0 0 0 1 1 0
O
C
Step 5: Stiffness matrix (K) :
S.
U
C
FO
4 2 0 0 0 0
TS
2 4 0 0 0 0
EI 0 0 4 2 0 0
EN
K
L 0 0 2 4 0 0
D
0 0 0 0 4 2
U
ST
0 0 0 0 2 4
1 0.5 0 0 0 0
0.5 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0.5 0 0
K EI
0 0 0.5 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0.5
0 0 0 0 0.5 1
1
0 0
4
M
1
O
1 0
4
C
0.375 0.375 0 0 0.187 0.187
EI 0.5 1 1 0.5 0
S.
0
0 1 0
U
0 0 1
C
0 0 0.5 1 1 0.5
1
FO
0 1
8
TS
1
0 0
EN
8
D
U
J EI 0.375 2 0.5
0.187 0.5 2
M
1 0
0.5 1 0 0 0 0
O
4 216.4
C
EI 0 0 1 0.5 0 0 0 1 0
S. 129.6
EI 0 0 0.5 1 0 0 0 0 1
010.8
U
0 0 0 0 1 0.5 1
C
0 1
FO
0 0 0 0 0.5 1 8
1
TS
0 0
8
EN
D
0.375 1 0 82.2
ST
126.4
0 1 0.5 79.2
P 129.6
0 0.5 1 36
100.8
0.187 0 1 4.44
1 2
0.187 0 0.5 74.04
0 17.4 17.4
0 82.2 82.2
160 79.2 81
M P
160 36 124
0 124.44 124.44
0 74.04 74.04
Solution:
Step1: Assign coordinates :
M
O
C
Step 2: Fixed End Moment :
S.
U
C
wab 2 6.4 x 5 x 32
FO
MFAB 2
4.5 kNm
82
TS
wa 2 b 6.4 x 5 2 x 3
MFBA 2
7.5 kNm
82
EN
w 8x6
MFBC 6 kNm
D
8 8
U
w 8x6
ST
MFCB 6 kNm
8 8
WO 1.5
0.5 0.25 0 0
M
O
0.25 0.5 0 0
K EI
C
0 0 0.67 0.33
0 0 0.33 0.67
S.
U
C
FO
J AT K A
EN
0.5 0.25 0 0 0
D
0.25 0.5 0 0 1
U
EI 0 1 1 0
ST
0 0 0.67 0.33 1
0 0 0.33 0.67 0
0
1
EI 0.25 0.5 0.67 0.33
1
0
J EI 1.17
1 0.85
J
EI
M
O
0.25
C
0.5 S.
1.275
U
0.67
C
0.33
FO
TS
0.319
EN
0.638
P
D
0.854
U
0.421
ST
4.5 0.319
7.5 0.638
M P
6 0.854
6 0.421
4.82
6.86
M
6.85
5.58