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Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease - Host Response 2 PDF
Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease - Host Response 2 PDF
periodontal disease-
Host Response to
Periodontal
Pathogens
the word pathogenesis is defined as “the origination and development
of a disease.
The word itself is derived from the Greek roots pathos (meaning
“suffering”) and genesis (meaning “generation or creation”).
it is clear that the bacteria in dental plaque are the cause of both
gingivitis and periodontitis,
In this context, it is clear that most people are in balance with their
biofilm for most of the time and it is only when this balance is
disturbed that disease results.
Both LPS and lipoteichoic acid are released from the bacteria present
in the biofilm and stimulate inflammatory responses in the tissues,
thereby resulting in increased vasodilation and vascular permeability,
the recruitment of inflammatory cells by chemotaxis, and the release
of proinflammatory mediators by the leukocytes that are recruited to
the area.
Bacterial Enzymes and Noxious Products
These substances have profound effects on host cells (e.g., butyric acid
induces apoptosis in T cells, B cells, fibroblasts, and gingival epithelial
cells).
The short-chain fatty acids may aid P. gingivalis infection through
tissue destruction, and they may also create a nutrient supply for the
organism by increasing bleeding into the periodontal pocket.
- Cytokines
-Prostaglandins
-Matrix metalloproteinases ( MMPs )
Cytokines
Cytokines may act on the cells that secrete them (autocrine action), on
nearby cells (paracrine action), or on distant cells (endocrine action).
Series of prostaglandins - D , E , F , G , H , I