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    Engineering Chemistry

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    Prabesh Pokharel

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    of 31
    2 "TRIBHUVAN UNIVERS! INSTITUTE OF ENGIN Examination Control Division 2075 Baishakh . ‘Agri, BAM] Pass Marks | 32 _| Time Shes, Y Candidates are ie to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. ¥ Attempt AHl questions. ¥_ The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks. Y Assume suitable data if necessary. - a) What is standard hydrogen electrode? Give cell notation of cu electrode with it. b) From the given electrode couple E°rre"* =0.44-volt, [Fe"*]=0.5M and E*agag" =~0.80 volt, [Ag-+]=0.2M. Write the (@) electrode reaction (ji) net cell reaction (iii) cell notation (iv) EMF of Fe-Ag cell and spontaneity of the cell reaction. [2+3] 2. a) What is buffer action? Describe the mechanism of acidic buffer solution with a suitable example. b) 60 mL of 0.5 M acetic acid is mixed with 40 mL of 0.25 M sodium hydroxide solution. What will be the p" of the mixture? (Given Ka = 1.85*10°) [342] 3. What are promoters? Describe the adsorption theory of catalysis with a suitable example. Point out criteria of catalysts used for industrial purpose. (434) 4. a), What do you mean by chlorofluorocarbons? Mention their photolytic reactions in the upper atmosphere. b) Why are the oxides of sulphur and nitrogen assumed as air pollutants? +2] 5. What are the major sources of water pollution? Mention their adverse effects and possible remedies. {1+242] 6. Nylon and Teflon are different polymers. Explain. Give the preparation and uses of epoxy resin. (3+2) 7. What are chalcogenide glasses? Give an account of preparation and uses of network polymers of sulphur. (44) 8. a) Why are transition elements called so? Are all d-block elements called transition elements? Justify your answer with reason. (42) b) Why do transition elements from significant number of complexes? Q) 9. Explain. Why? i) Paramagnetic properties increases from SC to Mn and then decrease to Zn. if) Zn” salts are white while Cu” salts are coloured iii) Fe+3 compounds are more stable than Fe”. {2.541.541} 10. [Co(wH,),P° and [CoF,}* are both octahedral but shows marked difference in their magnetic properties, Explain. (2.5+2.5] 11. Differentiate between double salt and complex salt. Write the application of Werner's theory of co-ordination compound, (342) 12,a) Write the characteristics of a good paint and explain the method of application of paint in galvanized iron. b) What are lubricating oils? Write the chief functions of lubricants. By 13. Write the points of difference between high explosives and plastic explosives. Mention the preparation and applications of TNT. (2.542.5] 14, All the diastoreomers are stereoisomers but all the stereoisomers are not diastereomers. Explain, Describe the chemical method for resolution of racemic mixture. (342) 15. Differentiate between nucleophile and electrophile. Explain the mechanism of dehydrohalogination of 2-Bromo -2- methylpropane. (2+3} 16. Write the reaction mechanism of SN? reaction with a suitable example. How does it differ from SN! reaction? (342) ae 32 TRIBHUVAN UNIVE | Fxam. (RR 5 cata INSTITUTE OF ENG Level "Bl Full Marks 80 Examination Control Division [BEL, BEX, BCT) | Programme | pip BaAgibaM | Pass Marks 32 2074 Bhadra LYear/Part 1/1) Time 3 hrs p Subject: - ngineering Chemistry ($H453) Y Candidates are required to Y Attempt Alt questions. ¥. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks, Assume suitable data if necessary, give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. 1. What are the criteria for buffer system? How many grams of sodium benzoate should be added to 160 mb of 0.13 M benzoic acid solution to obtain a buffer with a pH of 4. [pKa value of benzoic acid is 4.2} {1+4) 2. What is single electrode potential? Can its absolute value be measured? If not, how is the problem solved? Describe with a suitable example. o [+4] 3. What is meant by catalytic poisoning? Explain intermediate compound formation theory of catalysis referring suitable example. (243) 4. How is global warming caused due to air pollution? Write the consequences of global warming and its possible remedies. [2+3] 5. What do you mean by point and non point sources of water pollutants? Give an account of primary and secondary processes of waste water treatment to control water pollution. [2+3] 6. What is biodegradable polymer? Write applications of carbon reinforced polymers and chalcogenide glasses in engineering. (5] 7. How your acquaintance to polyurethanes and Bakelite. (2.542.5] 8. What are transition elements? Why are all the transition elements not considered as typical transition elements? Explain the electronic configuration of the first transition elements. {1+143] 9. a) Why do transition elements show variable oxidation states? Explain with reference to 3d series elements. (142) b) Explain why compounds of Ti are coloured but those of zinc are colourless. 2) 10. What do you understand by a chelate and a chelating ligand? Describe Sidewick theory of co-ordination compounds with an example. Write, down the IUPAC names of the following compounds. A {242+1] (i) Na,[A(C,0,),] (ii) [Co(NH,),Cl,}+ 11, How does valence bond theory explain the formation of {Fe(CN)6}” . Also explain whether this complex is inner or outer orbital and why? (342) 12. What is plastic explosive? How can you prepare TNT from benzene? Why does detonator ‘ require for the explosion of TNT? [14242] 13.a) What are lubricants? Mention the functions of lubricants. (2.5) b) How is paint applied on wooden articles? (25) 14, a) What is geometrical isomerism? Why is trans-isomer more stable than Cis-isomer? Why is geometrical isomerism not possible in propene? BI b) Find out E or Z configuration in the following molecules, {2} ® es 2 r c w, 2 ahs ee Gi) \ C; ee w) c=ac , 04 eC 4 15. What is meant by SN reaction? Explain the mechanism for the nucleophillic reaction that proceeds with and inversion of configuration. Why inversion product predominates more than retention product is SNj reaction. (14341) 16. What do you mean by elimination reaction? Write the mechanism for dehydrohalogenation in primary alkylhalide. Show your acquaintance to Saytzeff's rule. (1+2+2] BE Marks 80 Level inati ivision | | BEL, BEX, BCT Examination Control Division | Programme |: DAwi DAME Pa Marks 32 2073 Bhadra | Year/Part (1/1 | Time 3 firs Subject: - Engineering Chemistry (SH453) Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable, Attempt All questions. The figures in the margin indi Assume suitable data if nec ue Full Marks, ry. <4 5% 1. Define electrode potential. How do you measure standard electrode potential of zinc electrode? Find the Emf of the followipg cell at 25°C. [14242] Cu/Cu"(0.2My//Ag"(0.1M) / Ag Given: E°Ag*/Ag = 0.80V and E°CwCu"" = -0.34 V 2, What are the criteria for buffer system? Calculate the weight in gram of NHC! required to prepare buffer solution with 2 litre of 0.2N NH,OH solution with pH = 9. (Ky = 18x10) [243] 3. How does a catalyst increase the speed of a reaction? Explain heterogeneous catalysis. Explain with an example the adsorption theory of catalysis. (14143) 4. What are water pollutants? Write the major sources of water pollution. How do the oxides of sulphur and nitrogen make water acidic? [14242] 5. Write notes on: {2.5+2.5] a) Acid rain b) Ozone depletion 6. What is paint? What are the requisites of good paint? Show your familiarity with the types of paints. [14242] 7. a) Write the preparation and uses of polyphosphonitrilic chloride. [2.5] b) Write the types of silicones and their uses. (2.5) 8. Write short notes on Bakelite and Teflon. [2542.5] 9. Write the important characteristics of explosives? Give the preparation and uses of TNT? Why does detonator required for the explosion of TNT? [24241] 10. What are transition elements? Write the electronic configurations of the 1" row transition series. The paramagnetism of substance is due to the presence of unpaired electrons. Explain. [14242] . Give the reasons for the features of the transition metals. a) Most of the transition metal ions are colored in solution. b) Transition metals are well known to form complex compounds. [2.5+2.5] 12, a) Differentiate between complex compounds and double salts. a b) Write the IUPAC name of the following complexes compounds and find the Effective Atomic Number of the central metal in these complexes. 14] (@_[Co(NHs)61Cls Gi) [Cr(,0),ChJCI (ii) [Cu(NHs)«]SOs (iv)K3[AlFe) 13. Using VBT, explain as to show the two complexes [Ni(CN)J” and [Ni(Co)«) have different structure but do not differ in their magnetic behavior. 5} 14.) Write Cis, Trans and ZL: notation for the possible isomer of but-2-enedivic acid. b) Distinguish between enantiomers and disterioisomers. Give an example to support (243) your answer. 15, Write the mechanism of the reaction of tertiary alkyl halide with a) Aqueous NaoH b) Alcoholic KOH [2.5+2.5} 16. 2) How does the reaction of bromomethane occur with aqueous caustic soda? (2.542.5} b) Explain the reaction mechanism of dehydrohalogenation of 1° alky! halide. ee 2 rrumuvavunivensiry [Eom AAT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING \ Bi Examination Control Divi See 12. (devel y Full Marks 80 fete | BEL BEX, Hic ion | Programme | Fir 'yapiuame Pass Marks 32 2073 Magh [Year /Part | 1/1) Time [Bis 5 Subject: - Engineering Chemistry (SH453) Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. Attempt All questions. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks. Assume suitable data if necessary. . What is non-standard electrode potential? Calculate the emf of the cell obtained from given electrode reactions. Fe'* (0.2M)+2e > Fe E2=(-0.44V) Ag — Ag’ (0.1M)#2e° E°=(-0.80V) [+4] . Define Buffer. Derive Henderson's equation for acidic buffer. Calculate the pH of the solution formed by adding 0.4 g of NaOH on 500 mL 0.2 M acetic acid. pKa for acetic acid = 4.74, (14242) * . What is autocatalysis? Distinguish between positive and negative catalysis with examples. How does poison paralyze the activity of a catalyst? (14341) . a) What are Freons? Describe their role in the depletion of ozone layer with the photochemical reactions. b) How does carbon dioxide cause atmospheric pollution? (14242) |. What is air pollution? What are the main pollutants of air and their sources? Give possible remedies of air pollution. {14242} . What are biodegradable polymers? Write down the preparation and uses of Nylon and Teflon. [+4] What is inorganic polymer? Give an account of preparation and application of network polymer of Sulphur in engineering field. Also mention the two uses of silicones. [14341] a) What are solid lubricants? Under what condition, they are used. b) Mention the requisites of good paint. Explain the method of application of paint in galvanized iron. 243] a) Why do transition elements form complexes? 2 b). Why are most of the compounds of transition elements are coloured? 3) a) Why do the transition metals show paramagnetism? ps} b) Why do transition metals exhibit variable oxidation states? Rs “What are principle and auxiliary valencies of the metal in the complex. compounds? Illustrate with suitable example. Write the IUPAC names of a) Na[Ag(CN)2] b) [Co (NH;)4H20.Cl] Clr ©) [Cr(en)s} Ch ee d) Ky [Mn (Cl)s} (342) Explain the formation of [Fe(CN)s]” and (FeF,]”* on the basis of Valence Bond Theory and also predict their magnetic property. RP 13. What are high explosives and low explosives? Write the preparation and uses of TNT. (243) 14, a) Define enantiomers and diastereomers. 2 b) Write all the possible stereoisomers of tartaric acid. Does tartaric acid has meso form? Explain with reason. (244) 15. Describe the mechanism for the conversion of Bromomethane into methanol in presence of aq. alkali. Why does SN? reaction take place with stereochemical inversion? (32 16, What is elimination reaction? Explain the reaction mechanism for the (+4 dehydrohalogenation of tertiary alkyl halide. wes 33 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY [ Exam. INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING | Level i I BEL, BEX, BCT] pass Marke 32 Examination Control Division | programme [2 tee | BIE, B. Agri ut | Thne 3 hes 2072 Ashwin + | ¥ear/Part Engineering Chemistry (81453) Subject: Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as fal Attempt All questions. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks, Assume suitable data if necessary. SN A, - What is meant by standard hydrogen electrode? Explain briefly with diagram. Calculate the emf of the following cell at 25°C Mg/Mg"" (0.1M)//Ag'(1M)/Ag. Given E°Mg""/Mg = -2.37 V E°Ag'/Ag = +0.80V [342] 2. a) What is meant by buffer capacity of a buffer solution? How does a solution containing a mixture of benzoic acid and sodium benzoate maintain its constant pH value even on the addition of small amount of strong acid or alkali? Explain. 13} b) Derive Henderson's equation for basic buffer solution. (2) 3. Show your acquaintance to homogenous and heterogeneous catalysis. Describe the . [243] intermediate compound formation theory of catalysis. 4, a) What are the main sources of water pollution? Write the various impacts of water pollution, 23) b) What are the causes of soil pollution? How it can be controlled? 2] 5. What are air pollutants? Give a brief account about the adverse effects of air pollutants on human beings and their possible remedies. [241.5415] 6. What do you meant by cross linked polymer? What are the general characteristics of inorganic polymer? What are the engineering application of chalcagenide polymer? [1 +2+2] 7. a) What are fiber reinforced polymers? Write their application in the field of engineering. B) b) What are non-biodegradable polymers? What are the demerits of using them? (2) 8. a) Are all d-block elements called transition elements? Justify your answer with reason. Why do transition elements called so? 2) b) Why do transition elements show variable oxidation state? Point out the industrial applications of 3d-series elements. : B) 9. Explain why: [2.5*2] a) Compounds of Titanium in +3 oxidation state are coloured but those in +4 oxidation state are colourless. ‘ b) Transition elements formed significant number of complexes. 10. How would you account for the difference in structures and magnetic properties between [2.5*2)} [Ni(CLJ” and [Ni(CN)4]”? 11.a) Name the following complexes by IUPAC system (243) i) [Cr(H0)sCICh : ii) [Co(en)s]Brs iii) KoQNiCh) : iv) [Cr(CsH6)2] b) How does Werner's theory explain the structures of complex compounds? 12, What are primary and low explosives? Give the preparation and uses of glycerol trinitrate, (293) 13. a) What is paint? Give the requisites of a good paint. b) What are lubricating oils? Indicate their importance in engineering fiels. (3+2] 14. a) What isomerism is shown by butenedioic acid and why? [342] b) Differentiate between racemic mixture and meso compound. 15. What are elimination reactions? Write the mechanism of E? reaction taking an example. Show your acquaintance to Saytzeff’s rule. (14242) 16, What do you mean by SN reactions? Explain reaction mechanism for the hydrolysis of 3° alky halide by aqueous sodium hydroxide. (+4) ee 33 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY [ixam, INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING, | Level | BE Full Marks | 80 Examination Control Division |Prdgrimaine ate ‘ne X, BOTH pass Marks! 32 ce BF 2072 Magh [Year /Part 1/1 Time 4 hrs ___ Subject: - Engineering Chemistry (511453) Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable Attempt All questions. 1 ehh: = The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks. \ue? Assume suitable data if necessary. \ Esai S445) 1) . a) What is meant by emf of a cell? b) From the given electrode potential values answer the following questions. (4) NiSNi*42e EP =40.25v Cd Cd +2e = BP = 40.40 Given: R = 8.314 JK"'mol", F = 96500C i) Which of the above electrodes act as anode and which one as cathode and why? ii) Write the electrode and cell reactions when the given electrods are coupled. iii) Using these electrods construct a galvanic cell with proper cell notations. iv) Calculate the emf of the cell at 27°C when given electrodes is coupled together. 2. Derive Henderson equation for basic buffer. Calculate the pH of a solution resulted by adding 0.1 gm of NaOH in to 100 ml of 0.1 M acetic acid solution. Given that the pKa for acid is4.74. [2+3] 3, Distinguish between positive and negative catalysis with graphically and give one example of each. Define catalytic promoter. Write the criteria for choosing a catalysis for industrial purpose. Bel+1] 4. a) Explain the sources of water pollution. py b) What are the effects of soil pollution on an agriculture and living beings? Write any two controls of soil pollution. (241) 5. How are air pollunts classified? State four common air pollunts, their sources and effects on the human and environment. 193] 6. Write the preparation of polythiazyl. Mention the applications of Polysphazenes and Chalcogenide glasses in engincering fields. * (243) 7. a) Give an account for the biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers with suitable 5 examples. : {2.5*2] b) What are fibers-reinforced plastics? Write down the characteristics and its applications. 8. What is meant by d to d transition? How does the color of the compound originate? Explain with d to d transition. () 9. Write the ground state electronic configuration of the first row transition metals. How ps3} "would you explain the variable oxidation states of transition metals? 10. Differentiate between complex salts and double salts. How does Wemer's theory explain the structure of complex compound? +3) 11. a) Explain the formation of [Ni(CN)‘]” on the basic of VBT of coordination compounds and predict its magnetic property. * b) Write IUPAC name of the following co-ordination compounds. i) Nas[AI(C204)s] i) [Co(NHs)]Cls iii) [Pb(OH) 4)" iv) [Cr(H20)sCIJCh 3} (2) 12. Give an account of low and high explosives. Write the preparation and applications of GIN. [243] 13. a) What are lubricants? How are they classified? B) b) Write the characteristics of good paints. (2) 14. a) Distinguish between enantiomers and diasteriomers giving suitable example. 3} b) What are Cis and trans-isomers? Which of these two isomers is more stable and why? (21 15. Explain the reaction mechanism for the reaction between 3° alkyl halide and alcoholic potassium hydroxide. What solvent favors the reaction mechanism? [343] 16. a) Describe the mechanism involved in the relation between a tertiary alkylhalide and aqueous caustic potash. Bl b) What type of solvent favours the unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism? What is meant by elimination reaction? t+ ee Exam Full Marks s TRIBHUY AN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Pane a hea BEC REX E sion : amination Control Div Programme | BCT, BE SGN | BaAgri Tine 2071 Bhadra icable. Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practi Attempt All questions. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks, Assume suitable data if necessary. 1. Define buffer capacity and buffer range. Calculate the concentration of sc tium benzoate that must be present in 0.1 M benzoic acid to make a buffer solution of pH 3.7 (K, for (23) benzoic acid is 1.8 x 10“) What is electrode pot»ntial? Hov' does it originate? What will be the red-ction potential of Zn’*/Zn electrode when zinc metal in contact with 0.1 M HxSO, at 25°C. Given Peyenoe = +0.768V. (14143) 3, Define: heterogenous catalysis. Deseribe the absorption theory of catalysis with suitable example. Write any two criteria of choosing catalyst for industrial purpose. {1+3+1) Global warming is one of the burning issues-of the world. Point out major causes of [14242] * global warming, its impacts and also control measures. 5. What do you mean by Water pollution? What are the major water pollutants, mention their : adverse effects [14242] “, 6. Explain preparation und uses 6f polyphosphazines and polymeric sulfur nitride. pss) | 7. What is biodegradable polymer? Mention preparation and uses of the following. {14242} a) Epoxy resin, ~ b) Polyurethane [2.5425] 8. Give reasons for +a) Cu(1) i8 diamagnetic where as Cu(U) is paramagnetic. - b) TiO is white but TiCl; is violet) ~~~ 9. Give reasons: [2.5x2] a) The components formed by symbol “V’ element in +5 oxidation state are colourless but those formed in+3 oxidation state are colourful. b) Transition elements are mostly paramagnetic. What do you mean by effective atomic number? Give IUPAC: name and calculate the effective atomic number of the following complexes, (4) a) [Fe(CN)J™ b) [AgQNH)g)* c) [Ni(CN)J” 8) [CrEnQ).}* 10. orbital and outer orbital bond theory and pre 12. Explain why SN’ reaction gives both retensi invertion isomer. Write the mechanism of gi (CH,);C-Br+ NaOH + (CH,); COH+ NaBr (aa) 13, Distinguish between enantiomers and diasteriomers. Show these isonters in 3-bromto-2- butanol. (243) 14, What is an explosive? Classify explosives with examples. What is the requirement fe ‘ good explosives? 15. What are elimination reactions? Write the differences between E; and E reaction mechanism taking suitable example. {i+4] 16.a) What is lubricant? Write about the application of different types of lubricants. (142) b) Write the characteristics of good paint. Q +e TVERSITY ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF Examination Control Divis BEL, BEX BCT, BIE, | Pass Marks B.Agri Wit Time hr 2071 Magh nistry (SH453) ¥ es are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable Y Attempt All qu The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks, Y Assume suitable data if necessary, How is single electrode potential originate? From the given electrode system, answer the following questions. Nis Ni* +267 Ee Ags Agt +e" E°=~0,80 V INIT] = 0.8 M, [Ag*] = 0.2 M, R=8.314 JK" mot ®) Which of the given electrodes acts as anode and why? b) Conswruc: a galvanic coll using proper cell notation when tk. given electrodes are coupied. ©) Calculate the EMF of the cell at 27°C. 2. What is buffer solution? How acidic buffer resists the change in pH on the addition of small amount of acid and base? 0.005 mole of KOH is added to 400 mi of 0.1 M ” CHsCOOH, Calculate the pH of the mixture, Given pKa = 4.74, [14242] 3. What is catalysis? How 2 catalyst alters the rate of reaction? What happens to the equilibrium position of @ reaction by the application of a catalyst? What is promoter? (1424141) 4. Differentiate between pollutant and pollution. Describe the air pollution with reference to [23] 40.25 V gaseous pollutant and particulate matter. {14+2+2] 5. Write the pollutants responsible for soil pollution. Briefly describe the adverse affect of soi! pollution and their possible remedies, [1.542+1.5) 6. What are polystyrene and PTFE? How can they be prepared? What are the main reasons for their wide range of applications? [2.5+2.5] 7. What is phosphonitrilic compounds? How phosphonitrlic chloride can be prepared? Write the monomers of polydimethoxy and polydiethoxy phosphazines. Mention the uses. of phosphazines. . : (1424141) 8. Explain the following properties (2.5425) a) Paramagnetic properties increase from Sc to Mn and then decreases to Zn. b} Cupric salts are biue in color while cuprous siats are colorless, 9. 8) Why do transition elements formed significant number of complexes than others? b) What are transition elements? Which of 3d-series elements is not a typica! element 10. 1S i6. of W: Wr re the: main postulate: foR_ ee ving complexes, 2)? > = - S$ = trvcellulose and (b) TNT. WR ee are the functions of lubricants? What is paint? Desor SW ee are cis and trans isomers? Explain the condition req) Vee ‘<—=xamples. Draw the structure of 2-chloro-3-methy! com ESS urttion. Des ee ibe mechanism and Kinetics of nucleophilic bimolec (0S Sn? reaction take place with stereochemical inversior Wi See is. dehydrohalogination of alky! halide? Give the m ki 5 2 of El reaction. eee Examination Control Division | no 32 TRIBHUVAN UNIVE ary. Exam. INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level | Full Marks 80 \ | Programme BCT, BIE, Pass Marks 32 i B.Agri 2070 Bhadra ar/Part 1/1 Time 3 hrs, (SH453) Candidates are ania to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable Attempt All questions. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks. Assume suitable data if necessary. - What is meant by buffering capacity? A research student desires to prepare one litre of a solution buffered at pH 9.00. How many grams of ammonium chloride have to be added to one litre of 0.20 M NHs to make such a buffer? [pKy value of ammonia is 4.75] [+4] . a) What is normal hydrogen electrode? i) b) Calculate the EMF of the following cell at 25°C. (4) E® Fe" / Fe“* = ~0.77V, E® SN“ / SN =-0.14 V in which [Fe""*] = 0.4 M, [Fe]=0.1M_ [SN“]=02M . What do you mean by catalytic poisoning? Explain the adsorption theory of catalysis with an example. 243] . Point out the major sources of soil pollution, their adverse effect and their possible remedies. [14242] . Give your familiarity with water pollution. Write the CFC involve for ozone layer depletion and harmful effects. +2] Write short notes on (a) Chalcogenide glasses (b) Silicones. [243] . What are biodegradable polymers? Give the preparation and uses of epoxy resins and polystyrene. (1+4] . a) Explain the formation of [Ni(NH3),]** on the basis of valance bond approach and predict its geometry and magnetic behavior. B) b) Write the IUPAC name of the following co-ordination compounds. 2] i) Na[Au(CN)] ii) K3 [Fe(C204)3] iif) (P{Cl, (NH)4] Bra iv) [Co (NHs)6] Ch . How does a double salt differ from a complex salt? How does Wemer’s theory explain the structure of complex compounds? ; (243) .a) Write the general outer electronic configuration of transition elements. ri) b) Give reasons why transition elements are coloured and paramagnetic. (4) -a) Give reasons why Zn and Cd are not considered as typical transition metals. (2) b) Explain the main characteristics of 3d transition elements. G) 12. List the important characteristics of explosives. Give the preparation and uses of trinitrotoluene (TNT). [243] 13.a) Write the important functions of lubricant. What are solid lubricant and specify in which conditions it is used (2.5) b) Mention the requisites of good paints and write about varnish. (2.5) 14, a) Define the geometrical isomerism and write an example with Z and E notation. (2) b) Write the possible isomers of 3-bromo-2-butanol and specify enantiomers, raxemization and resolution of recemic mixture. GB) 15. Explain the reaction mechanism for the dehydrohalogenation of tertiary butyl bromide. Differentiate between E! and E’ mechanism. 1342] 16. Give an account of SN reactions. Explain the reaction mechanism for the reaction between 3° alkyl halide and aquecus NaOH. (2+3] Jeane eee eeteninciinaae ime suitable data if necessary. xr solution? Calculate the PH of the resulting buffer by xing 400 ml of What is ab C2 M ammonium hydroxide end 150 ml of 0.3 M ammonium chloride solution. [kD=1.8x107] - [1+4] 2, What is meant by standard electrode potential? Calculate the EMF of 2 Daniel cell at 25°C, when the concentration of ZnSO, and CuSO, are 0.001 M and 0.1 M respectively. The standard potential of the cell is 1.2 V. {i+4] a} Give an account how a camlyst increases the speed of a reaction. 2) (1 Describe the adsorption theory of catalysis with a suitable example. Give an account on the sources of organic and inorganic substances responsiole for 13] b 42a water pollution with its adverse effect and possible remedies. 5) Why are the oxides of sulphur and nitrogen assumed as air pollutants? Q] Wana do you mean by soil pollution? Mention its major sources, adverse ect and (142+2] possible remedies. What are the general characteristics of inorganic polymer? Describe the preparation and uses of polyphosphazines. (2+3] How do thermoplastic polymers differ from thermosetting polymers? Give the applications of Bakelite end Epoxy resins. (3+2] ‘What are double and complex salts? How does Wemer's theory explain the bonding in complex salts? [i+4] 8) Explain the formation of [Fe(CN).J* complex on the basis of VBT. Also predict its geometry and magnetic behavior. By) b) Write IUPAC name of the following co-ordination compounds 10.5x4] i) fFeGzO)e]SOx Nesl(AL(C202)s] if) KS[ALF [PrCiQN02)(NEs)2) What are transition elements? Why do transition metal (a) form complex compounds and (>) exhibit variable oxidation states? / 1 Li. Explain the following: 2 metal compounds are coloured .) Transition metal compounds are paramagetic an account of low and high explosives. Write the preparation and uses an account of any two types of paints i are paints? 3; ns in engineering works ~~} Show your acquaintance with s is shown by butenedioic acid and why? 2 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY Exam, Lc Ee INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Level BE Full Marks | 80 | Wet WPX 1 Examination Control Division, | Programme yy sji0- jy ages Marks | 32 2069 Bhadra | Year /Part [1/11 Time 3 hes. Subject; - Engineering Chemistry (SH453) Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. Attempt All questions. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks Assume suitable data if necessary. @ ) What isomerism is shown by 2-hydroxy propanoic acid and why? Qi b> Differentiate between enantiomers and diastereomers. B) 15, E->

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