LORMA COLLEGES CON TEMPLATE

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
RELATED LEARNING EXPERIENCE

STUDENT NAME:  GARCIA, Pauline Antonette G. ROTATION: 7th AREA: PICU

YR LEVEL AND
SEC:  BSN II – Dorothy Johnson DATE: 6/22/21 CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR: Dianne Altuhaini
 

MECHANISM OF
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic name: Corticosteroid Hydrocortisone To treat Contraindicated to - Headache - Provide a dark and quiet room,
Hydrocortisone Glucocorticoids binds to the inflammation, patients who are eliminate extraneous noise and
cytosolic allergic reactions hypersensitive to stimuli to allow adequate rest.
Brand name: glucocorticoid (irritation and hydrocortisone or any
SoluCortef receptor. After swelling), and component of the - Instruct the parents to give cold
binding the skin itching. formulation compress for severe headache to
Dosage & receptor, the dull the sensation of pain.
Frequency: newly formed Contraindicated to
50 mg every 6 receptor-ligand premature infants. - Skin changes such as acne - Encourage the parents to
hours for 24 complex or thin, shiny skin. provide adequate nutrition and
hours translocate itself Contraindicated to hydration to help maintain
into the cell patients who have an patient’s skin turgor, moisture,
Route: nucleus, where it untreated serious and suppleness.
Intravenous binds to many disease (except
glucocorticoid tuberculous meningitis - Educate the parents about
response or septic shock). proper skin care such as proper
elements (GRE) cleaning, drying and moisturizing,
in the promoter Contraindicated to to prevent acne.
region of the patients who undergo
target genes. Intrathecal - Muscle weakness - Allow parents to participate in
administration. the child’s care as much as
desired to allow the family to
have some control over the
situation.

- Encourage the parents to visit or

stay with the child consistently to
 promote support of the child.

LORMA COLLEGES CON TEMPLATE

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
RELATED LEARNING EXPERIENCE

STUDENT NAME:  GARCIA, Pauline Antonette G. ROTATION: 7th AREA: PICU

YR LEVEL AND  BSN II – Dorothy Johnson DATE: 6/22/21 CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR: Dianne Altuhaini
SEC:
 

DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ACTION
Generic name: Antibiotic Cefuroxime is a To treat certain Contraindicated in - Chills, fever, sweating - Adjust and monitor
Cefuroxime Second- bactericidal agent infections caused by patients with known environmental factors like room
generation that acts by bacteria, such as allergy to the temperature to regulate
Brand name: Cephalosporin inhibition of bronchitis (infection cephalosporin group temperature of the patient.
Ceftine bacterial cell wall of the airway tubes of antibiotics.
synthesis. leading to the - Eliminate excess clothing and
Dosage & lungs), laryngitis, Contraindicated in covers to decreases warmth and
Cefuroxime has
Frequency: and pneumonia. patients with increases evaporative cooling.
activity in the
750mg / hypersensitivity to
375mgIV (ANST) presence of some - Instruct the parents to provide
corn products.
every 8 hours beta-lactamases, ample fluid intake by mouth to
both penicillinases fluid loss that contributes to fever.
Contraindicated to
Route: and
patients with
Oral or cephalosporinases - Diarrhea - Monitor signs and symptoms of
decrease in the blood
Intravenous , of Gram-negative fluid and electrolyte for early
clotting protein detection of fluid deficit and to
and Gram-positive
prothrombin. allow immediate fluid replacement
bacteria.
therapy to correct the deficit.
Contraindicated to
patients with diarrhea - Provide for changes in dietary
from an infection with intake to avoid foods/substances
Clostridium difficile that precipitate diarrhea.
bacteria
- Limit high fiber foods because it
 stimulates gastric motility.

- Observe for nonverbal indicators

- Body aches of pain such as moaning, guarding,
crying, facial grimace to have a
proper evaluation of pain because
sometimes, children tend to deny
existence of pain.

- Assess location, characteristics,

onset, duration, frequency, quality
and severity of pain to manage
pain and ensure that the patient
receives effective pain relief.

- Provide a quiet environment to

reduce additional stressors that
can intensify the patient’s
perception and tolerance of pain.
 LORMA COLLEGES CON TEMPLATE

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
RELATED LEARNING EXPERIENCE

STUDENT NAME:  GARCIA, Pauline Antonette G. ROTATION: 7th AREA: PICU

YR LEVEL AND
SEC:  BSN II – Dorothy Johnson DATE: 6/22/21 CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR: Dianne Altuhaini
 

MECHANISM OF
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic name: Anti-asthmatic Albuterol acts on To treat and Contraindicated to - Runny or stuffy nose - Encourage increase fluid intake to
Albuterol Bronchodilator beta-2 adrenergic prevent patients who are decrease the viscosity of
receptors to relax bronchospasm in hypersensitive to secretions.
Brand name: patients with albuterol.
the bronchial
Ventolin reversible - Increase the humidity of the
smooth muscle. It
obstructive airway Contraindicated to patient’s room by using cool mist
Dosage & also inhibits the patients with severe
disease. vaporizers to relieve stuffiness of
Frequency: release of hypersensitivity to the nose.
5 mg in 2 ml immediate milk proteins.
every 15 minutes hypersensitivity  - Teach parents on how to use
for 2 doses then mediators from Contraindicated to nasal sprays by blowing the nose
every 8 hours cells, especially patients with first then administering the
overactive thyroid medication.
mast cells. 
Route: glands.
Inhalation - Insomnia or Sleeping - Encourage the child to take milk
problems because L-tryptophan is a
component of milk which
promotes sleep.

- Instruct the parents to avoid

giving large amount of fluids to the
 patient before bedtime because
this may interfere with the
patient’s ability to relax and fall
asleep.

- Instruct parents to introduce

relaxing activities such as warm
baths, calm music, and relaxation
exercises before bedtime to
provide relaxation and prepare the
mind and body for sleep.

- Encourage the patient to suck on

- Mouth/throat dryness sugar-free candies every 2-3 hours
to help with dry mouth.

- Encourage fluid intake at frequent

intervals over 24-h time periods to
help minimize mucosal drying.

- Provide food that require chewing

to stimulate gingival tissue and
promote circulation.
 LORMA COLLEGES CON TEMPLATE

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
RELATED LEARNING EXPERIENCE

STUDENT NAME:  GARCIA, Pauline Antonette G. ROTATION: 7th AREA: PICU

YR LEVEL AND
SEC:  BSN II – Dorothy Johnson DATE: 6/22/21 CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR: Dianne Altuhaini
 

MECHANISM OF
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Corticosteroid Budesonide Indicated to Contraindicated with - Runny or stuffy nose, - If nasal passages are blocked, give
Budesonide Glucocorticoids controls the rate control and hypersensitivity or for nasal irritation, fungal decongestant nasal drop first.
of protein prevents relief of acute asthma infections
synthesis, symptoms or bronchospasm. - Teach the parents on how to
Brand Name: depresses the (wheezing and operate the breathing machine and
Pulmicort Contraindicated to to properly clean it to prevent
migration of shortness of
Respules persons with infections.
polymorphonuclea breath) cause by
compromised liver
r leukocytes, asthma.
Dosage and function and acute - Monitor for signs and symptoms
Frequency: fibroblasts,
pulmonary of oropharyngeal fungal infections.
0.5 mg/ml reverses capillary
tuberculosis
suspension, permeability and
- Provide and instruct the patient
every 8 hours lysosomal -Dry throat, Dry mouth, sugarless lozenges for dry mouth.
stabilization at the hoarseness.
Route: cellular level to - Instruct the parents to gargle,
Inhalation prevent or control rinse the child’s mouth with water
inflammation. every after use to prevent dry

- Hypersensitivity
reactions, like; rash, itching
or swelling or skin, severe
dizziness and trouble
breathing.
-Rash, pruritis; red, itchy,
and watery eyes.
mouth, hoarseness and oral yeast
infections.
- Note that rinse water must be
spit out immediately and not be
swallowed.
- If the patient develops allergic
reactions such as anaphylaxis,
angioedema, bronchospasm, rash,
urticaria, contact dermatitis,
delayed typed sensitization etc.,
discontinue the medication.
- Report sore mouth, sore throat,
worsening of symptoms, severe
sneezing, exposure to chickenpox
or measles, eye infections.
- Educate the parents to ensure the
child avoids people with infections,
especially those with chicken pox
or measles.
- If measles or chickenpox infection
occurs, give antiviral medication as
prescribed by the physician.
 LORMA COLLEGES CON TEMPLATE

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
RELATED LEARNING EXPERIENCE

STUDENT NAME:  GARCIA, Pauline Antonette G. ROTATION: 7th AREA: PICU

YR LEVEL AND
SEC:  BSN II – Dorothy Johnson DATE: 6/22/21 CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR: Dianne Altuhaini
 

MECHANISM OF
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Anti-asthmatics The drug works To treat chronic Montelukast is - Signs of an allergic Before drug administration, assess
Montelukast Leukotriene through block asthma and contraindicated in reaction, like rash; patient’s lung sound, respiratory
Receptor binding of prophylaxis and patients with a history wheezing; tightness in the function and allergy symptoms.
Brand Name: Antagonist leukotriene D4 to the prevention of of hypersensitivity to chest or throat; trouble
Singulair (LTRAs) breathing. In case of allergy, hold or do not
its receptor; it exercise-induced the drug or its
administer the medication.
then alters the bronchoconstricti components.
Dosage and
pathophysiology on. After drug administration, check
Frequency:
associated with for any allergic reaction.
4 mg, 1 tablet
daily at 6 pm inflammatory
process that
Route: contributes to - Hepatoxicity Assess for signs and symptoms of
Oral signs and toxicity. Note for dark urine,
symptoms of fatigue, abdominal pain, backpain
asthma nausea, and yellow eyes or skin
 Assess periodic liver function test.

Instruct the parents, to not exceed

dose or frequency of
- Headache, dizziness,
administration.
drowsiness
If the patient is dizzy or drowsy lie
down the patient.

If child experience behavior or

mood related changes, stop
- Neuropsychiatric events, administration of drug and report
like; agitation, sleeping to physician.
disorders, uncontrolled
muscle movement.
 LORMA COLLEGES CON TEMPLATE

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
RELATED LEARNING EXPERIENCE

STUDENT NAME:  GARCIA, Pauline Antonette ROTATION: 7th AREA: PICU

YR LEVEL AND
SEC:  BSN II – Dorothy Johnson DATE: 6/22/21 CLINICAL INSTRUCTOR: Dianne Altuhaini
 

MECHANISM OF
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Antipyretics Paracetamol To relieve fever, Contraindicated to - Difficulty sleeping - Encourage the child to take milk
Paracetamol Analgesics produces headaches and patients with because L-tryptophan is a
analgesia by relieve other pain. hypersensitivity to component of milk which
Brand Name: raising the promotes sleep.
Paracetamol.
Aeknil threshold of the - Instruct the parents to avoid
pain center in the Contraindicated with giving large amount of fluids to the
Dosage and patient before bedtime because
brain and by repeated
Frequency: this may interfere with the
150 mg IV, obstructing administration in
patient’s ability to relax and fall
every 4 hours impulses at the patients with asleep.
prn pain-mediating anemia, cardiac,
chemoreceptors. pulmonary, renal,
Route: The drug produces and hepatic disease. -Provide a dark and quiet room and
Intravenous antipyresis by an - Headache eliminate extraneous noise and
action on the stimuli to allow adequate rest.
hypothalamus;
heat dissipation is - Instruct the parents to give cold
increased as a compress for severe headache to
result of dull the sensation of pain.
vasodilation and
increased - Provide an emesis basin to the
parents for easier access in times
peripheral blood
when the patient is about to vomit.
flow.
- Eliminate strong odors from the
- Nausea
surrounding because strong and
noxious odors can contribute to
nausea.