Introduction to

Oracle Spatial
EHSAN HAMZEI
DECEMBER, 2016
Oracle Spatial??

 Oracle Spatial Technology Products :

 Storage data model using the SDO_GEOMETRY data
type
 Query and analysis using the Index Engine and
Geometry Engine
 Location-enabling using the geocoder by converting
address data into SDO_GEOMETRY data
 Visualization using Map Viewer and Oracle Maps
 Advanced Spatial Engine functionality such as network
analysis and routing
Oracle Spatial Architecture
SDO_GEOMETRY

 Spatial Data Type in Oracle DB

 How To Create a Table with Spatial Column??
SDO_GEOMETRY

 What is a Geometry Data??

SDO_GEOMETRY

 SDO Geometry Data Type:

 SDO_G-Type
 SDO_SRID
 SDO_POINTS
 SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY
 SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY
SDO_GEOMETRY: G-TYPE

 attribute specifies the type of shape (point, line,

polygon, collection, multi-point, multi-line, or multi-
polygon) that the geometry actually represents.
 D00T
 Example: 2003, 2001,3006
SDO_GEOMETRY: SRID

 This attribute specifies the spatial reference system, or

coordinate system, for the geometry.
 Geo-referenced vs. Local Coordinates!
 Geodetic vs. Projected? (WGS84, UTM-Z39N)
 European Petroleum Standards Group (EPSG)
 Example: 4326 (WGS84),
SDO_POINTS

 Its just a syntactic sugar!!

 This attribute specifies the location of a point
geometry

 Example:
SDO_ELEM_INFO
SDO_ELEM_INFO
SDO_ELEM_INFO
SDO_ORDINATE

 Insert Coordinate Based on provided ElEM_INFO

 Example:
SDO_ORDINATE

 Insert Coordinate Based on provided ElEM_INFO

 Example:
SDO_ORDINATE

 Insert Coordinate Based on provided ElEM_INFO

 Example:
SDO_ORDINATE

 Insert Coordinate Based on provided ElEM_INFO

 Example:
SDO_ORDINATE

 Insert Coordinate Based on provided ElEM_INFO

 Example:
SDO_ORDINATE

 Insert Coordinate Based on provided ElEM_INFO

 Example:
Complex Geometry
Complex Geometry
Complex Geometry
Complex Geometry
Complex Geometry
Collections
Collections
Collections
 Collections

Creating Collections: The Easy Way :

For NON-OVERLAPPING geometries!!!
 Collections
More Sophisticated Examples!!
Spatial Operators!

 Spatial operators:
 Just as you can specify relational operators in a SQL
statement, such as
“< (less than), > (greater than), or = (equal to), and
so on”, you can likewise use a spatial operator to search
the location (SDO_GEOMETRY) columns of a table for
proximity with respect to a query location
 Need Spatial Index First !!!
Spatial Index!

 Create Spatial Index

 Need Spatial Meta Data First!!!

Spatial Meta Data Table

 USER_SDO_GEOM_METADATA

 DIM INFO >> INFORMATION ABOUT:

 SDO_DIM_ELEMENT
 DIM_NAME
 MIN/MAX DATA
 TOLERANCE
Spatial Meta Data Table

 INSERTION EXAMPLE:
REVIEW

 FIRST>> CREATE TABLE

 THEN>> INSERT METADATA
 NEXT>> CREATE SPATIAL INDEX
 FINALLY>> INSERT DATA AND QUERY FROM THE
TABLE
SPATIAL OPERATORS

 GENERAL SYNTAX:

 EXAMPLE:
SPATIAL OPERATORS
SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE
Operator
 Concept:

 Syntax:

 Example:
SDO_NN Operator

 Concept:

 Syntax:

 Example:
SDO_NN Operator (more
examples)
SDO_RELATE

 CONCEPT:

 SYNTAX:

 EXAMPLE:
SDO_RELATE

 CONCEPT:
SDO_RELATE

 CONCEPT:
SDO_RELATE

 Syntax:

 Example:
SDO_RELATE

 More Example:
Geometry Processing
Functions
 No Need For Spatial Index!
 more detailed analyses
 can appear in the SELECT list (as well as the WHERE
clause)

 GP Function:
 1-Buffering Function
 2- Relationship Function
 3- Geometry Combination Function
 4- Geometric Analysis Function
 5- Aggregate Function
Buffering Function

 Concept
Buffering Function

 Syntax:

 Example:
Relationship Analysis
Functions
 SDO_DISTANCE
 Concept:
Relationship Analysis
Functions
 SDO_DISTANCE
 Syntax:

 Example:
Relationship Analysis
Functions
 Relate
 Syntax
Relationship Analysis
Functions
 Relate Example:
Geometry Combination
Functions
 Concept
Geometry Combination
Functions
 Syntax:

 Examples:
Geometry Combination
Functions
Geometric Analysis
Functions
 Numeric
 Area
 Length
 Volume
Geometric Analysis
Functions
 Geometric
 MBR
 Convex Hall
 Centroid
Aggregate Functions

 AGGR_MBR
 AGGR_CONVEXHULL
 AGR_UNION
Aggregate Functions
REVIEW

 CREATE SPATIAL TABLE

 SDO_GEOMETRY (DML)
 CREATE SPATIAL INDEX
 INSERT SPATIAL METADATA
 SPATIAL OPERATORS
 SPATIAL FUNCTIONS
REFERENCE

 Pro Oracle Spatial for Oracle Database 11g

 Oracle® Spatial and Graph Developers’ Guide

(E49172-06)
THANKS 