20 Se theses al he nat maar For example, we hve 2 © Dom Rand ye B: Ry} ADs yCH =H} his is nota singleton, Example 4.5. The relation of equality Example 4.2 is carly a functional ration Exonple 4.6. Consier the relation K=(R2 K, + y=1 and y20). The eran of Ris depcted in the following diagram (the picture on the rights the abbreviate sketch noeraly given) and tm R=[0, 1} To see that & functional, etx € Dom Ri then {)'= Ri XAY}=[2) where 2= Al —2). Yor typoaraphical reasons on the one han ant to comply with standard usage onthe other, we shall henceforth coment the following Sbvses of novation, IRAE, Sty) a teaton between F and F thes wehave, ora: Band # © F, afb ~ Stab) Given sts E, Fand an open sertence 312, y, Ne Stall theretore often have egeasion 10 $a) let-R be the relation between E and F siven by xR¥-~ Six, 1)", thereby effecively defining the etation R=(E F Sts. 39) ‘We rnow come to what is probably the mos important concept in the whole of mathematics Defintien. Given sets £ and F, we define a mapping rom F 10 F 10 be aelaion R beeen F and F which sich that (1) Dom R=E: (2) Ris fencional Relations: metal ela: mappiees 2 [ete that these conditions may be restate inthe form ofthe segle soniion G)for every xe Fihere ia unique (ie, prose one) y« Fsieh that aR Example 4.7, For any st E te relation of equity on & sce Example 4.2)' functional and has domain E Hence isa mapping from EE, ‘alle the identity mapping on Example 4,8. For every re R tet (rl denote the greatest integer hich fees than arequal 19 (7) defined by the conditions [e]= Zand ler. Consider the relation between R and Z. given by xy ile 11s seal sen that the groph of the relation Mis as Flows (in which the sigh + mdictes a constant tae throughout an interval of the form fn. n-+11) Ieis clear fiom ths graph thet Dom RR. Moreover, is Functional since, given any eR, we have cy and reziray = vetiy (me https: //archive.org/details/settheoryabstraceeeeblyt/page/2@/mode/2up