MARY ROSE T.

TOLENTINO ETH BSTM 2A

MORALITY AND MORAL PHILOSOPHY

I. An Example of Ethical Thinking (SOCRATES)

Socrates is a Greek philosopher whose lifestyle, character, and thought used a profound
influence on ancient and modern philosophy. Also, he is the one who wrote the dialogue ‘​Crito’.
It represents their conversation between his wealthy friend Crito while he is in prison.

Socrates presents a treble argument to manifest that he ought not to break the laws by
running away. And each argument, Socrates appeals to a general moral or principle beyond
reflection. This type of pattern in moral reasoning, one determines what one should do in a
particular situation by reference to certain general principles or rules. This kind of pattern will be
visible with other readers, but we all know that there are some observers that have a different
view of the logic of moral deliberation. This article shows how to resolve moral problems and
how one reflective and important moral agent went about solving them.

II. The Nature of Ethics or Moral Philosophy

Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing,

defending, and suggesting ideas of right and wrong behavior.

This are the (3) three kinds of thinking that connects to morality:

1) ​Descriptive empirical inquiry, scientific or historical. This goal is to explain and ret out the
situation of morality or to formulate a theory of human nature which bears on ethical questions.

2) ​Normative thinking – saying that something is good or bad, declaring a normative judgment
such as – “I ought not to try to escape from prison”, “Knowledge is good“, and “It is always
wrong to harm someone”

3)​ T
​ here is also analytical, critical, or meta-ethical thinking.