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    7th Std chapter 2

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    14 views18 pages

    7th STD Chapter 2

    Uploaded by

    Kavitha

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 18
    Ata Glance a a iter System = Central Processing Unit = Comput ™ Hardware = Memory of the Computer we = Input Unit = Storage Devices of the Computer ™ Output Unit = Software ———aO_O—X—X—KnsXDOl_O Computer Syst The computer is an electronic device that can perform a variety of operations according to a set of instructions called programs. The computer system works on the principle of the Input—Process—Output (IPO) cycle. In this cycle, the computer system. . Teceives input in the form of data and instructions a system because it j the desired output. , & The computer system is made up of the following components: J. software (the intangible component) 2. hardware (the physical component) Hardware The hardware is made up of 1. input unit 2. output unit 3. processing unit 4. storage unit ayers The input unit is formed by the input devices attached to the computer. Commonly used input devices are the keyboard, mouse, game controller, scanner, microphone and barcode reader. These input devices take input in different forms from the user and convert it into machine-understandable form. Some of these input devices are discussed below: eyboard 1 keyboards commonly used by us are called QWERTY keyboards and have 04 keys. QWERTY keyboard ~~ TT Keyboards of the Future . can be fold d and stored ina A roll-up keyboard can be folde roll y small box. jection of a A virtual laser keyboard uses light project full-sized keyboard on any surface. I | t : r | E | = Ina3D ergonomic keyboard, the keys’ angles and | depths are designed considering the different : lengths and placements of the fingers. = A wristband keyboard can be worn around your wrist. Mouse The mouse is a pointing device used in a graphic environment like the Windows operating system. ‘There are different types of computer mice such as V optical mouse, cordless mouse and trackball, . Do You Know? : eee PE si — | Computer-mouse movement is measured in mickeys, as in ‘Mickey Mouse’. It mea" the nur i i number of pixels the pointer has moved compared to how many inches % 44 centimetres the mouse has moved, P) Game Controller IThe game controller is used as an input device for playing " computer games. Scanner ‘The scanner creates an electronic form of any printed image by shininga light on the image, Once the image has been scanned, it is transferred to the computer memory. You could use the scanner to ‘store your photograph on the computer or transfer picture from a book into your presentation. ight Pen - light pen is a pointing device that looks like a en and is sensitive to light. When the light pen brought in front of the computer screen, it ends signals to the CPU. The CPU processes these ignals and carries out the instructions. Microphone The microphonetakes sounds orspeechas input and converts them into a form which can be stored in the computer memory. lebcam webcam can take images and videos. These images can be stored the computer, printed or uploaded on the World Wide Web (WWW). The webcam is used for videoconferencing where people laced anywhere on the globe can connect over the Internet, ing and talking to each other as if they were in the same mn. Touchpad ‘ouchpad chp. is ernative to the mouse A touchpad is an alt ve to the mo hpadsw ally used in laptop computers ‘ g a Touchpadswere originally s desktop computers ut now some . ; nsing the users finger ‘A touchpad works by se essure. movement and pr eee a ‘The touchpad was invented by George E Gerpheide in 1988. Apple Computers was the first to license and use the touchpad in its Powerbook laptop in 1994. Touchscreen Atouchscreen isa computer display screen that is also an input device. Such screens are sensitive to pressure and a user interacts with the computer by touching pictures or words on the screen. Barcode Reader You may have seen a pattern of printed bars on various products in the market. Even your library books will have a similar pattern on the back cover. This pattern is known as a barcode. To read this code, we need a barcode reader which decodes and transfers it to the computer system where it is processed. The output unit displays the output, i.e. after processing the data. The most monitor, printer, speakers and plotter. cf) , information which has been commonly used output devices Monitor The monitor is knownas the Visual Display Unit (VDU) Different types of monitors are available in the market such as Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) monitors, Light-Emitting Diode (LED) monitors and Plasma monitors. LCD monitors are flat, occupy little space and give superior-quality ™ images. However, they are quite expensive. Plasma monitors are mainly used for very large SS re screens. a Do You Know? Pe sul ™ Most modern monitors will switch to a power-saving mode if no input signal is received. A monitor turns off _ after a certain period of inactivity. This helps in energy conservation and also extends the monitor’s service life. ™ Most modern laptops have screen dimming after periods of inactivity or when the battery is not in use. _ ___ This extends battery life. Printer The printer is used to give output in printed form, The printed output is called hard copy. A printer can print in black and white or colour, depending on the features available on it. Printers can be categorised as impact and non-impact printers. Impact Printers In impact printers, on the paper. Impa Paper. Theyare slo the printer head strikes the printer ribbon to create a mark ct printers are mainly used to print on continuous sheets of quality of print is poor. Examples (b w, Noisy, inexpensive and the are dot-matrix and daisy-wheel printers, NT nozzles which spray ink at great speeq on iny noiseless and the printing Quality j e faster, ore expensive Examples are inkjet ang oes and commonly used. Laser pring 7 ts. They are also much more EXPensive ys Non-impact printers have t of paper. These printers ar‘ ea superior. However, they are m = printers. Inkjet printers are iS se faster and produce high-quality p' inkjet printers. i inter dot-matrix printer inkjet printer The quality of an inkjet or laser printer depends on how many dots per inch (dpi) are used to print the image. The higher the dpi, the better the quality of printing. POR CT ed A laser printer rapidly produces quality text and graphics by Powerful laser beam on plain paper, Plotters Plotters are used where images such as maps, etc., need to be printed. They are engineers, architects and seismologists, graphs, charts, mainly used by Speakers Speakers are used to output sounds, from the computer system. The sound q since it is digital sound. voice, and music uality is very good wa Do You Know? Instead of using speakers f any external sound syste ‘Or better sound, a ¢, em such as a hi ‘omputer can be connected! . ah Sh power, high-quality setup cf] ris

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