ENGLISH

STUDY MATERIAL
Fwpg;G: WAY TO SUCCESS - main Gj;jfj;jpd; xU rpy gFjpfs; kl;LNk ,e;j Fwpg;Ngl;by;
jug;gl;ls;sJ. ,J xU Sample kl;LNk. KOikf;ifNaL Ntz;LNthu; NkNy nfhLf;fgl;Ls;s
jfty;fis ghu;f;fTk;.
 WAY TO SUCCESS - LATE BLOOMERS’ PARAGRAPHS 
Note: nky;y fw;Fk; khzth;fs; 5 kjpg;ngz;fSf;fhd gj;jp tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspf;f fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s late bloomers’ paragraph–fis gbj;J
Fiwe;jgl;r kjpg;ngz;fs; (2 marks) ngw Kaw;rp nra;aTk;. rw;W mjpf kjpg;ngz; ngWtjw;F> xt;nthU ghlj;jpd; njhlf;fj;jpYk; Mind Map-y;
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s point-fis gbj;Jf;nfhs;sTk;.
UNITS PROSE
His First flight
♣ The young seagull was afraid to fly.
♣ His parents let him starve.
♣
Unit - 1
The mother seagull showed him a piece
of fish.
♣ Due to his hunger, he dived and flew
towards it.
♣ Thus he had made his first flight.
The Night the ghost got in
♣ The narrator heard a sound at night.
♣ His mother sought for help by throwing
her shoe at Mr.Bodwell’s window.
Unit - 2
♣ The police came and ransacked the house
during their search.
♣ Grandfather mistook them deserters and
shot at them.
♣ Next morning, they came to know that
grandfather only made the sound.
Empowered women navigating the world
♣ Six army women were selected for a
voyage ‘Navika Sagar Parikrama’.
♣ They underwent training to sail and to
handle the emergencies.
Unit - 3
♣ They used indigenously built sail boat
INS-Tarini.
♣ The voyage started in Goa on 10
September 2017 and ended there on 21
May 2018. (254 days)
♣ This voyage proved woman empowerment.
wtsteam100@gmail.com
POEM
Life
♣ The poet wants to lead a joyful life.
♣ He neither wants to hurry nor to move
away from his goal.
♣ He is not worried about the past and not
afraid of the future.
♣ He seeks new friendship, high adventure,
fame and the courage of quest.
♣ He hopes that every turn in his life's
journey will be the best.
The Grumble family
♣ There is a pessimistic family in
Complaining street.
♣ ♣
Rain or sun, summer or winter, high or
humble they complain about everything.
♣ It is good to stay away from them.
♣ Indirectly, the poet advises us not to be like
them.
♣ We should be optimistic and happy.
I am Every Woman
♣ Today’s woman is the symbol of power
and strength.
♣ She is optimistic and she expects good
things in life.
♣ She is ferocious like a lioness.
♣ She has pride and self respect.
♣ So we have to love, respect and look
after her.
260
SUPPLEMENTARY
The Tempest
♣ Prospero and his daughter were exiled by
his brother Antonio and the king Alonso.
♣ His slave Ariel, the spirit informed him that
Prospero’s enemies were travelling in the ship.
♣ Using his magical power, Prospero raised a
storm and made a shipwreck.
♣ Ariel brought Ferdinand, son of Alonso to
meet and then to marry Miranda.
♣ As Antonio and Alonso repented their
injustice, Prospero forgave them.
Zigzag
♣ Dr.Krishnan had to take care of Dr. Somu’s
pet bird Zigzag.
It started to sleep and snore loudly and
annoyed everyone.
♣ It spoiled Mrs.Krishnan’s painting.
♣ So Dr.Krishnan took it to his clinic.
♣ As it behaved well, the family decided to
keep it with them.
The story of Mulan
♣ Once the Chinese Emperor ordered that one
man from each family must join the army.
♣ Mulan’s father was old and her brother was
young.
♣ She cut off her hair like a man joined the
army and bravely fought like a soldier.
♣ When Mulan became sick, everyone found
out that it was a woman.
♣ She won the final war and returned to her
village with gifts.
www.waytosuccess.org
 WAY TO SUCCESS - LATE BLOOMERS’ PARAGRAPHS 
The Attic
♣ Aditya met Sasanka Sanyal from whom he
had stolen a silver medal 29 years ago.
♣ To remind it, Sanyal sang Tagore’s song
Unit - 4
and Aditya felt guilty.
♣ Aditya found the medal in the attic of his old house.
♣ Aditya decided to return money, as he had
changed with time.
♣ But Sanyal showed his self-respect by
accepting the medal only.
Tech Bloomers
♣ Technology helps us get all sorts of
information and communicate easily.
♣ It enables the disabled to be just like a
Unit - 5
normal person.
♣ Alisha uses a technology that helps transfer
her speech into words on the screen.
♣ David uses advanced devices so that he can
communicate freely and control his environment.
♣ Really, Technology is a boon to the disabled.
The Last lesson
♣ During Franco-Prussian war, the people of
France were denied to learn French.
♣ Little Franz, a student saw the villagers
Unit - 6
attending the class.
♣ They paid tribute to the teacher M.Hamel’s
40 years service.
♣ M.Hamel praised the French language and taught it.
♣ He finished his last lesson & wrote ‘Vive
La France’.
The Dying Detective
♣ Sherlock Holmes, a famous detective had a
friend named Dr.Watson.
♣ To capture the murderer Smith, Holmes
Unit - 7
pretended to be ill.
♣ He requested Watson to get Smith for his treatment.
♣ During the meeting, Smith confessed his
crime of killing his nephew, Victor and his
plan to kill Holmes.
♣ At last, he was arrested by Inspector Morton.
wtsteam100@gmail.com
The Ant and the Cricket
♣ The cricket enjoyed singing all spring and
summer.
♣ It did not save food and so it starved during
winter.
♣ It pleaded with the ant for grains and shelter.
♣ The ant denied and drove it away.
♣ Like this, some two-legged crickets (human
beings) never plan for their future.
The Secret of the machines
♣ Machines tell us how they are created and
their need of water, coal, and oil to run.
♣ They are ready to serve us the whole day.
♣ As they are operated by Machine laws, they
have no feelings.
♣ If we handle them carelessly, we may be killed.
♣ They humbly state that they are merely the
children of the human brain.
No men are Foreign
♣ All human beings are the same.
♣ The strength of men can be won by love.
♣ Life is common in every land.
♣ We hate ourselves, when we hate our
brothers.
♣ War is unnatural and it is a fight against
ourselves.
The House on Elm street
♣ The house stood all alone on the Elm street.
♣ Nobody knows what happens inside the house.
♣ Due to fear, the poetess did not go into the
mysterious house.
♣ Beside the house, there is a tree without leaves.
♣ It neither grows tall nor gets smaller.
261
The Aged mother
♣ The ruler of the country ordered to kill all
the aged people.
♣ But a farmer hid his mother in a hut, out of love.
♣ Again the Governor ordered the people to
bring him a rope of ashes.
♣ The old mother gave an idea to make the rope.
♣ When the ruler knew the truth, he revoked
the cruel law of killing the aged.
A day in 2889 of an American Journalist
♣ Francis Bennett, was the director of the
newspaper Earth Herald in 2889
♣ He used phonotelephote to communicate with
his wife.
♣ Bennett got his lunch through a network of
pneumatic tubes.
♣ Then he travelled to Niagara by an aero-car.
♣ He ended the day by taking a mechanized
bath.
The little hero of Holland
♣ Dikes saved Holland from the North Sea.
♣ Peter a small boy saw a hole in the dike.
♣ So he thrust his finger into the hole to stop the
water the whole night.
♣ Next morning, Peter was found in the dikes.
♣ Peter saved his land and people. He became
the hero of Holland.
A Dilemma
♣ Uncle Philip gave Tom a metal box with
precious gems.
♣ If Tom opens it with doubt, it will explode.
♣ He tried all possible ways to open the box.
♣ He read books on dynamite, consulted the
technicians, doctors and religious priests, but
in vain.
♣ At last, he bequeathed the box to a Society.
www.waytosuccess.org
PROSE
S.No. Lesson Name
1. His First Flight - Liam O’Flaherty
2. The Night the Ghost Got in - James Grover Thurber
3. Empowered Women Navigating the world
4. The Attic - Satyajit Ray
5. Tech Bloomers
6. The Last Lesson - Alphonse Daudet
7. The Dying Detective - Arthur Conan Doyle

……….Fwpg;Gfs;………
muRg;nghJj;Njh;tpy; ghlg;gFjpf;fhf toq;fg;gLk; kjpg;ngz;fs; - 22
 Part – I : One Mark Questions (1 to 6)
• Synonyms gFjpapypUe;J 3 tpdhf;fs; Nfl;fg;gLfpwJ. (3x1=3)
• Antonyms gFjpapypUe;J 3 tpdhf;fs; Nfl;fg;gLfpwJ. (3x1=3)
 Part – II : Two Mark Questions (15 to 18)
• Section-I-y; 4 ,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; (2 mark questions) nfhLf;fg;gl;L
3 tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; tpilaspf;FkhW Nfl;fg;gLfpwJ. (3x2=6)
 Part – III : Five Mark Questions (29 to 32)
• Section-I-y; 4 gj;jp tpdhf;fs; (Paragraph questions) nfhLf;fg;gl;L
2 tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; tpilaspf;FkhW Nfl;fg;gLfpwJ. (2x5=10)

• ghlg;Gj;jfj;jpy; Nfl;fg;gl;Ls;s Vocabulary, Grammar, LSRW Nghd;w gFjpfSf;fhd

tpilfs; xt;nthU ghlj;jpw;F gpd;Gk; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
• kPj;jpwd; khztu;fs; mjpf kjpg;ngz;fs; ngw Synonyms & Antonyms tpdhf;fis $Ljy;
Kaw;rp vLj;J gbf;fTk;. gj;jp tpdhf;fSf;F> ,f;ifNal;by; cs;s tpilia kl;LNk vOjhky;
nrhe;j thf;fpaq;fspYk; tpilaspf;f Kaw;rpj;jhy; KO kjpg;ngz; ngw tha;g;Gs;sJ.
• nky;yf;fw;Fk; khztu;fs; Prose gFjpapy; Fiwe;jgl;rk; 7 kjpg;ngz;fs; ngw gapw;rp
nra;aTk;. gj;jp tpdhf;fSf;F tpil vOj Kjy; 3 ghlq;fSf;F Late Bloomer’s Paragraph
(Pg No:260-261) cs;sij gbj;J Fiwe;jgl;r kjpg;ngz;fs; ngw Kaw;rpf;fTk;.
 8 Way to Success

Prose – 1
HIS FIRST FLIGHT
(Kjy; gwf;Fk; mDgtk;)
Liam O’Flaherty

ghlr;RUf;fk;

,J> Kjy; Kiwahf gwf;fj; jaq;Fk; xU flw;gwitapd; fij. mJ flw;fiuapYs;s xU

ghiwapd; ePl;rpapy; trpf;fpwJ. me;jf; FLk;gj;jpy; MW Ngu;. mg;gh> mk;kh> %d;W rNfhjuu;fs;>
xU rNfhjup. ,uz;L rNfhjuu;fSk; rNfhjupAk; gwe;J nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;fs;. Mdhy; ,e;j ,sk;
flw;gwit gwf;f gag;gLfpwJ. mJ gwf;Fk;tiu gl;bdp fplf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W tpl;Ltpl;ldu;. mJ
czitj; NjLfpwJ. Mdhy;> me;jg;ghiw ePl;rpapy; czT ,y;iy. fliyf; fz;Lk;> ghiw ePl;rp
cs;s cauj;ijf; fz;Lk; mJ gag;gLfpwJ. mijg; gwf;f itg;gjw;fhf mitfs; Rw;wpr;Rw;wpg;
gwe;J tUfpd;wd. mjd; gpd; mitfs; mijf; fz;Lnfhs;stpy;iy. mjd; jha; xU kPd; Jz;Lld;
mjdUNf gwf;fpwJ. mjdhy; czitg;gpbf;f Kbatpy;iy. jd;idAk; mwpahky; mijg; gpbf;ff;
Fjpj;jJ. mJ gwf;ff; fl;lhag;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. mJ gwg;gijf; fz;L midtUk;
kfpo;r;rpailfpd;wdu;. mjd; grp mij gwf;ff; fl;lhag;gLj;JfpwJ.

MIND MAP

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Prose
WARM UP
 Marco Polo, Christopher Columbus, Ibn Battuta, Amerigo  khu;f;Nfh NghNyh> fpwp]N; lhgu;
Vespucci, Xuanzang, Ferdinand Magellan, Bartolomeu
Dias, Herodotus, Captain James Cook, Vasco De Gama.
What is common among these individuals? Browse
Internet or refer to books and share some
information about them.
Answer: All the above were explorers. Marco Polo
was an Italian merchant. Ibn Battuta was Morrocan
scholar. Xuanzang was a Buddhist monk. They travelled
around the world for various reasons. The Greek scholar
‘Herodotus’ travelled the whole Persia in his times. Rest
of the 6explorers were interested in exploring new
countries and sea routes to different countries. They all
became popular for their travel.
Discuss, why it was considered as an adventurous and
dangerous thing to travel in those days?
Answer: In those days it was considered as an
adventure. Because the devices, like Mariner’s
Compass, to find out and predict rough seas tempest
and natural calamities did not exist. Moreover there
was no Radio no TV to advise and warn the explorers.
Mahatma Gandhi, Che Guevera, Guru Nanak and
Gauthama Buddha are some of the famous personalities
and thinkers who made extensive journeys to understand
life. Do you think journeys can be life changing?
Answer: Yes, Journeys can be life-changing. The journeys of
these great men have historical importance. For instance
Gowthama Budha, in the course of his journey, reached Gaya
and on meditating there he attained the Light of wisdom. He was
called Buddha since then.
Share a memorable trip from your life.
Answer: Last year, during the summer vacation, I
had been on a tour to Kodaikkanal, with my family.
There I went to a place called pillar rock. There
were some rocks in the shape of tall pillars. I ran
to see them from the nearest place. A man standing
near me pulled me back. If he had not done so, I
would have fallen to a depth of 500 feet.
Have you ever been on an adventurous journey?
If yes, share your experience.
Answer: Once I had been to Courtallam, with my friends. We
climbed upon the hill on the top of five falls, in order to find
out, where the water comes from. The path through the hills,
was rough and steep. We slipped down very often still we
reached the top of the falls. The fast waves of water pushed us.
“That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for
mankind.” Neil Armstrong – Discuss.
Answer: Neil Armstrong was the first man to fix his step on the
moon in July 1969. He was an American astronaut. This is an
incident of importance in the history of mankind. We could get
rare information about the Moon.
 Have you ever seen a bird making its first ever
attempt to fly?
Answer: Yes, I have seen. Among the branches of the neem
tree of our house a bird had hatched a nestling. The mother
bird brought food and fed the hatchlings for some days. Then
it stopped. The young bird peeped with hesitation. Then it
began to fly courageously.
wtsteam100@gmail.com
9
Maj;jg; gapw;rp
nfhyk;g];> ,gpd; gj;J}jh> mnkhupf;Nfh
nt];Gfp> Athd; Rthq;> /ngu;bdhd;L nkf;fy;yd;> ghu;j;jNyhkpNah
la];> n`NuhNlhl];> Nfg;ld; N[k;]; Ff;> th];Nfhlfhkh.
,q;Nf nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s jdp egu;fspilNa fhzg;gLk; nghJ
mk;rk; vd;d? tiyjsj;jpy; Ma;e;J my;yJ Gj;jfq;fis
gbj;J mtu;fisg; gw;wpa jfty;fis gfpu;e;J nfhs;f.
tpil: Nkw;fz;l midtUk; Gjpa Njrq;fSf;Fg;
gazpj;jtu;fs;. khu;f;Nfh NghNyh xU ,j;jhypa tzpfu;. ,gpd;
gj;J}jh nkhuhf;Nfh ehl;L mwpQu;. Athd;Rthq; rPdNjrj;J
Gj;jkjj; Jwtp ,e;j %tUk; gy;NtW fhuzq;fSf;fhf NtW
ehLfSf;Fg;gazk; nra;jtu;fs; Mtu;. fpNuf;f ehl;L mwpQu;
n`NuhNlhl]; ngu;rpah KOtJk; Rw;wpa gazp Mthu;. kw;w 6
egu;fSk; fly;top kw;Wk; GjpaehLfisf; fz;Lgpbf;fNtz;Lk;
vd;w Mu;tj;jpy; gazk; Nkw;nfhz;ltu;fs;. ,tu;fs;
midtUk; jq;fs; gazq;fshy; Gfo;ngw;wtu;fs;.
me;j ehl;fspy; gazk; nra;tJ jPur; nrayhfTk;> Mgj;J
kpf;fjhfTk; Vd; fUjg;gl;lJ? tpthjpf;f:
tpil: me;j ehl;fspy; flypy; ePz;l J}uk; nry;tJ xU jPur;
nrayhfTk;> Mgj;J kpf;fjhfTk; fUjg;gl;lJ. Vnddpy;>
jpirfs; fz;lwpaTk;> fly; rPw;wk;> #whtsp> Nghd;w ,lu;fis
Kd;$l;b mwptpf;fTk;> fUtpfs; ,y;yhky; ,Ue;jd.
kfhj;kh fhe;jp> Nr FNtuh> FU ehdf;> kw;Wk; nfsjk
Gj;ju; MfpNahu; kdpj tho;f;ifia Gupe;Jf;
nfhs;tjw;fhf ePz;l gazq;fs; nra;j Gfo; ngw;w
rpe;jidahsu;fspy; rpyu; Mtu;. gazq;fs; tho;f;ifia
khw;wp mikf;f KbAk; vd;W ePq;fs; epidf;fpd;wPu;fsh?
tpil: Mk;. gazq;fs; tho;f;ifia khw;wp mikf;f KbAk;.
,e;jg; ngupNahu;fspd; gazq;fs; tuyhw;W Kf;fpak;
tha;e;jit. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf nfsjk Gj;ju; jk; gazj;jpd;
NghJ fah vd;w ,lj;jpw;F te;J jpahdk; Nkw;nfhz;ljpd;
ngaupy; mtUf;F mwpnthsp fpl;baJ. mjpypUe;J mtu; Gj;ju;
vd;W miof;fg;gl;lhu;.
cq;fSila tho;f;ifapy; ,Ue;J epidT$uj;jf;f gazj;ijg; gw;wp gfpu;f.
tpil: ehd; fle;j Nfhilf;fhyj;jpy; vd; FLk;gj;jhUld;
nfhilf;fhdYf;F ,d;gr;Rw;Wyh NghapUe;Njd;. mq;Nf J}z;ghiw>
vd;w ,lj;jpw;Fg; NghNdd;. kpfTk; caukhd J}z;fspd; tbtk;
nfhz;l rpy ghiwfs; ,Ue;jd. ehd; mtw;iw mUfpy; nrd;W
ghu;f;f XbNdd;. vd; mUfpy; epd;w xUtu; vd; ifiag; gpbj;J
gpd;dhy; ,Oj;jhu;. mtu; mt;thW nra;ahtpby; ehd; 500 mb
Moj;jpy; tpOe;J ,Ug;Ngd;.
ePq;fs; vg;NghjhtJ jPur; nray; kpf;f gazk; NghdJ
cz;lh? Mk; vdpy; cq;fs; mDgtj;ijg; gfpu;f.
tpil: ehd; xU Kiw ez;gu;fSld; Fw;why mUtpf;Fr; nrd;Nwd;;.
mUtpapy; nfhl;Lk; ePu; vq;fpUe;J tUfpd;wJ vd;gijf; fz;lwpa
ehq;fs; Ie;jUtpapy; NkYs;s kiyapy; VwpNdhk;. kiyg;ghij
fuLKulhfTk;> nrq;Fj;jhfTk; ,Ue;jJ. ehq;fs; mbf;fb rWf;fp
tpOe;Njhk;. ,Ug;gpDk; ehq;fs; mUtpapd; cr;rpf;Fr;
nrd;Wtpl;Nlhk;;. Ntfkhd ePu; miyfs; vq;fisj; js;sptpl;ld.
xU kdpjdpd; xU rpwpa fhyb(nray;)> kdpj ,dj;jpw;Fupa xU ngupa
jhty;(Kd;Ndw;wk;) MFk; vd;w ePy; Mk;];l;uhq;fpd; $w;iwg; gw;wp tpthjpf;f.
tpil: ePy; Mk;];l;uhq; Kjd; Kjypy; epytpy; fhyb gjpj;j kdpju;
Mthu;. mtu; xU mnkupf;f tpz;ntsp tPuu;. kdpj tuyhw;wpy; mJ
kpfTk; Kf;fpak; tha;e;j epfo;thFk;. epyitg; gw;wpa gy mupa
jfty;fis ehk; mwpa Kbe;jJ.
 xU gwit Kjd; Kjyhf gwf;f Kaw;rpg;gij ePq;fs;
vg;nghOjhtJ fz;lJ cz;lh?
tpil: Mk;. fz;L ,Uf;fpNwd;. vq;fs; tPl;bYs;s Ntg;gkuj;jpd;
fpisfSf;F ,ilapy; xU gwit FQ;;R nghwpj;J ,Ue;jJ. rpy
ehl;fSf;F jha;g;gwit mjw;F czT nfhz;L te;J Cl;baJ.
mjd;gpd; mij epWj;jp tpl;lJ. jaf;fj;Jld; vl;bg;ghu;j;j FQ;Rg;
gwit Kjypy; gae;jJ. mjd;gpd; xU ehs; mJ Jzpr;rYld;
gwf;fj; njhlq;fpaJ.
www.waytosuccess.org
 10
TRANSLATION
HIS FIRST FLIGHT
The young seagull was alone on his ledge. His
two brothers and his sister had already flown
away the day before. He had been afraid to fly
with them. Somehow, when he had taken a little
run forward to the brink of the ledge and
attempted to flap his wings, he became afraid. The
great expanse of sea stretched down beneath, and
it was such a long way down – miles down. He
felt certain that his wings would never support
him; so he bent his head and ran away back to the
little hole under the ledge where he slept at night.
Even when each of his brothers and his little
sister, whose wings were far shorter than his own,
ran to the brink, flapped their wings, and flew
away, he failed to muster up courage to take that
plunge which appeared to him so desperate. His
father and mother had come around calling to him
shrilly, scolding him, threatening to let him starve
on his ledge, unless he flew away. But for the life
of him, he could not move.
That was twenty-four hours ago. Since then,
nobody had come near him. The day before, all
day long, he had watched his parents flying about
with his brothers and sister, perfecting them in the
art of flight, teaching them how to skim the waves
and how to dive for fish. He had, in fact, seen his
older brother catch his first herring and devour it,
standing on a rock, while his parents circled
around raising a proud cackle. And all the
morning, the whole family had walked about on
the big plateau midway down the opposite cliff,
laughing at his cowardice.
Young seagull alone on ledge brink of the ledge
wtsteam100@gmail.com
Way to Success
Kjy; gwf;Fk; mDgtk;
xU rpwpa fly; gwit ghiw ePl;rpapYs;s jd;
$l;by; jd;de;jdpahf ,Ue;jJ. mjw;F Ke;jpa ehs;
mjDila 2 rNfhjuu;fSk;> mjd; rNfhjupAk;
Vw;fdNt gwe;J nrd;W tpl;ld. mtu;fSld;
gwg;gjw;F mJ mQ;rpaJ. vg;gbNah mJ rupthd
ghiw ePl;rpapd; tpspk;G tiu xU rpwpa Xl;lk;
vLj;J> jd;Dila rpwFfis mbf;f Kaw;rpj;jJ>
mJ gae;J tpl;lJ. gwe;J tpupe;j fly;(ghiw
ePl;rpapd;) mbapy; ePz;bUe;jJ. fPNo nry;tJ gy
iky;fs; nry;tjw;F rkkhfj; Njhd;wpaJ.
jd;Dila rpwFfs; jkf;F xUNghJk; cjtp
mspf;fhJ vd;gij cWjpahf mJ czu;e;jJ.
Mifahy;> mJ jd; jiyia tisj;J ghiw
ePl;rpapd; fPNo ,Ue;j> jhd; ,utpy; J}q;Fk; me;j
nghe;Jf;Fs; jpUk;gp XbaJ.
mjd; rNfhjuu;fs; xt;nthUtUk;> mjd; ,isa
rNfhjupAk; mjDila rpwFfistplf; Fl;ilahf
,Ue;j NghjpYk; tpspk;G Nehf;fp Xb> rpwif
tpupj;Jg; gwe;Jtpl;ldu;. jhtpg;gwg;gjw;F ek;gpf;if
,y;iy vd;W mjw;Fj; Njhd;wpajhy;> mJ
ijhpaj;ij tutiof;fj; jtwpaJ. mjDila
je;ijAk;> jhAk; $r;rypl;L mijr; Rw;wp te;J
mioj;jdu;. mjidj; jpl;bdu;. mJ gwe;J nry;yj;
jtWk; gl;;rj;jpy;> ghiw ePl;rpapNyNa gl;bdp fplf;f
tplg;Nghtjhf mr;RWj;jpdu;. Mdhy;> mJ
capUf;Fg; gae;jjhy;> mira ,aytpy;iy.
,J 24 kzp Neuj;jpw;F Kd;dhy; ele;jJ. mjpypUe;J
mjd; mUfpy; ahUk; tutpy;iy. mjw;F Ke;ija ehs;
gfy; KOtJk; jd; ngw;Nwhu;fs;> jd; rNfhju>
rNfhjupAld; gwe;J nry;tij mJ ftdpj;J ,Ue;jJ.
mitfSf;F gwf;Fk; fiyapy; Nju;r;rp ngwTk;> fly;
miyfspy; vt;thW ePe;JtJ vd;gijf; fw;Wj;je;Jk;;>
kPd; gpbg;gjw;F vt;thW fly;ePupy; %o;f Ntz;Lk;
vd;gijAk; fw;gpj;jdu;. mJ cz;ikapy; jd;Dila
%j;j rNfhjud; Kjd; Kjyhf n`u;upq; kPidg; gpbj;J
cz;gijAk;> ghiwapy; epw;gijAk; mjidr; Rw;wp
ngw;Nwhu;fs; ngUikkpf;f xyp vOg;GtijAk; ghu;j;jJ.
fhiy Neuk; KOtJk;> KOf;FLk;gKk; vjpupYs;s
ghiwf;Fr; nry;Yk; ghjp topapy; ngupa gPlG+kpapy;
mku;e;J> mjDila Nfhioj;jdj;jpidf; fz;L
rpupj;Jf; nfhz;L ,Ue;jd.
plunge (dive) dive for fish
www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Prose
The sun was now ascending the sky, blazing
warmly on his ledge that faced the south. He felt
the heat because he had not eaten since the
previous nightfall. Then, he had found a dried
piece of mackerel’s tail at the far end of his
ledge. Now, there was not a single scrap of food
left. He had searched every inch, rooting among
the rough, dirt-caked straw nest where he and
his brothers and sister had been hatched. He even
gnawed at the dried pieces of eggshell. It was
like eating a part of himself.
He then trotted back and forth from one end
of the ledge to the other, his long gray legs
stepping daintily, trying to find some means
of reaching his parents without having to fly.
But on each side of him, the ledge ended in a
sheer fall of precipice, with the sea beneath.
And between him and his parents, there was a
deep, wide crack.
Surely he could reach them without flying if he
could only move northwards along the cliff face?
But then, on what could he walk? There was no
ledge, and he was not a fly. And above him, he
could see nothing. The precipice was sheer, and
the top of it was, perhaps, farther away than the
sea beneath him.
He stepped slowly out to the brink of the ledge,
and, standing on one leg with the other leg hidden
under his wing, he closed one eye, then the other,
and pretended to be falling asleep. Still, they took
no notice of him. He saw his two brothers and his
sister lying on the plateau dozing, with their
heads sunk into their necks. His father was
preening the feathers on his white back. Only his
mother was looking at him.
Mackerel’s tail Dirt-caked straw nest He gnawed eggshell
wtsteam100@gmail.com
11
Mfhaj;jpy; jw;nghOJ #upad; cjpj;Jf;nfhz;L
,Ue;jJ. njw;F Nehf;fp mike;j mjDila
ghiwePl;rpapd; kPJ (R+hpad;)jd; ntg;gj;ijg; gug;gpaJ.
Kjy; ehs; ,utpy; ,Ue;J mJ cz;zhky; ,Ue;jjhy;
ntg;gj;ij czu;e;jJ. mg;nghOJ(Kjy; ehs; ,uT)>
mJ kf;fhuy; kPdpd; cyu;e;j xU thy; Jz;L me;jg;
ghiw ePl;rpapd; njhiythd Kidapy; fple;jijf;
fz;lwpe;jJ(rhg;gpl;lJ) ,g;nghONjh cztpd; xU rpW
JUk;G$l mq;Nf ,y;iy. mq;Fs;s xt;nthU mq;Fy
,lj;ijAk;> jhDk;> jd; rNfhju> rNfhjupAk; FQ;R
nghupf;fg;gl;l fuL Kulhd itf;Nfhy; $l;bd;
gpz;lj;ijAk; mJ JUtpj; Njbg; ghu;j;jJ. (mq;Nf
,Ue;j)fha;e;J tpl;l Kl;il Xl;bd; rpy;Yfisf; $l
nfhwpf;fj; njhlq;fpaJ. mjw;F jd; clypd; xU
gFjpiaj; jhNd cz;gJNghy; Njhd;wpaJ.
mjd; gpd; mJ ghiw ePl;rpapd; xU KidapypUe;J
kw;nwhU Kidf;F Kd;Dk;> gpd;Dkhf ngUeil
ele;jJ. mjd; ePz;l rhk;gy; epwf;fhy;fs; fisg;Gld;
mbfis vLj;J itj;J> gwf;fhkNyNa jd;
ngw;Nwhu;fis milAk; topfisf; fz;Lgpbf;f
Kaw;rpj;jJ. Mdhy;> mjd; xt;nthU gf;fj;jpYk;>
ghiw ePl;rp mbapy; fliyf; nfhz;l kpFe;j
rupTldhd nrq;Fj;Jg; ghiwahfj;jhd; ,Ue;jJ.
mjw;Fk;> mjd; ngw;Nwhu;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; Mokhd>
gue;j xU gpsT ,Ue;jJ.
epr;rakha; mJ ghiwapd; tlf;Fg; gf;fj;jpy; efu;e;jhy;
kl;LNk gwf;fhky; mtu;fis mila KbAk;? Mdhy;
mjd;gpwF mJ vjd; kPJ elf;f KbAk;? mq;Nf ghiw
ePl;rpAk; ,y;iy> mJ gwf;Fk; jd;ikapYk; ,y;iy.
mjw;F Neu; NkNyAk; xd;Wk; fhzg;gltpy;iy. me;j
nrq;Fj;Jg;ghiw kpFe;j rupTlDk;> mjd; Nky;gFjp
mjd; mbapypUe;j fliy tpl mjpf njhiytpYk;
,Ue;jJ.
mJ me;jg; ghiw ePl;rpapd; tpspk;gpw;F nkJthf
mbnaLj;J itj;J> xU fhiy jd; ,wf;ifapd; fPo;
kiwj;Jf; nfhz;L xU fhypNyNa epd;W nfhz;L> xU
fz;iz %b> gpd; kw;nwhd;iwAk; %b>
J}q;fptpl;lijg;Nghy; ghrhq;F nra;jJ. ,Ug;gpDk;
mtu;fs; mijf;fz;L nfhs;stpy;iy. jd;Dila 2
rNfhjuu;fSk;> rNfhjupAk; gPlG+kpapd; ghiwapd; kPJ
mtw;wpd; fOj;Jg; gFjpfs; GijAk; tz;zk; jd;
jiyia itj;Jg; J}q;fpaJ. je;ijg;gwit jd;Dila
nts;isepw KJfpd; ,wf;iffis rPtpf;nfhz;L
,Ue;jJ. jha;gg ; wit kl;LNk mijg; ghu;j;Jf; nfhz;L
,Ue;jJ.
dozing (sleeping) preening the feathers
www.waytosuccess.org
 12
She was standing on a little high hump on the
plateau, her white breast thrust forward. Now
and again, she tore at a piece of fish that lay at
her feet, and then scraped each side of her beak
on the rock. The sight of the food maddened
him. How he loved to tear food that way,
scraping his beak now and again to whet it! He
uttered a low cackle. His mother cackled too,
and looked at him.
‘Ga, ga, ga,’ he cried, begging her to bring him
over some food. ‘Gawl-ool-ah,’ she screamed
back mockingly. But he kept calling plaintively,
and after a minute or so, he uttered a joyful
scream. His mother had picked up a piece of fish
and was flying across to him with it. He leaned
out eagerly, tapping the rock with his feet, trying
to get nearer to her as she flew across. But when
she was just opposite to him, abreast of the ledge,
she halted, her legs hanging limp, her wings
motionless, the piece of fish in her beak almost
within reach of his beak.
He waited a moment in surprise, wondering why
she did not come nearer, and then maddened by
hunger, he dived at the fish. With a loud scream,
he fell outwards and downwards into space. His
mother had swooped upwards. As he passed
beneath her, he heard the swish of her wings.
Then a monstrous terror seized him and his heart
stood still. He could hear nothing. But it only lasted
a moment. The next moment, he felt his wings
spread outwards. The wind rushed against his
breast feathers, then under his stomach and against
his wings. He could feel the tips of his wings
cutting through the air. He was not falling headlong
now. He was soaring gradually, downwards and
outwards. He was no longer afraid. He just felt a
bit dizzy. Then, he flapped his wings once and he
soared upwards.
she tore at a piece of fish uttered a low cackle
wtsteam100@gmail.com
Way to Success
jha;g;gwit me;j cau;e;j ghiwapypUe;j rpwpa xU
Nkl;bd; kPJ epd;W nfhz;L ,Ue;jJ. mjd; nts;isepw
neQ;Rg; gFjp Kd;Ndhf;fp ,Ue;jJ. mbf;fb mJ xU
kPd; Jz;il jd; fhypy; itj;Jf; fpopj;Jf; nfhz;Lk;>
jd; myfpd; xt;nthU gf;fj;ijAk; ghiwapd; kPJ
itj;J Nja;j;Jf; nfhz;Lk; ,Ue;jJ. cztpd; kPjhd
mjd; ghu;it mjidg; gpj;Jg;gpbf;f itj;jJ.
czitj; jd; jhiag; Nghyf; fpopg;gjpYk;> myifj;
jPl;bf; nfhs;tjpYk; mJ mt;tsT tpUg;gg;gl;lJ! mJ
jho;e;j Fuypy; nfhf;fhpj;jJ. jha;g;gwitAk; mjidg;
ghu;j;Jf; nfhf;fhpj;jJ.
“f f f” mJ fj;jpaJ. jdf;F czT nfhz;L tu
ahrpj;jJ. “fh C M” jha;g;gwit Nfypahf
gjpYf;Ff; $r;rypl;lJ. Mdhy; mJ njhlu;e;J
Nrhfkhf fj;jpf; nfhz;bUe;jJ> xU epkplj;jpw;Fg;
gpwF mJ kfpo;r;rpf; $r;ry; Nghl;lJ. jha;g;gwit
xU kPd; Jz;il vLj;Jf; nfhz;L mijf; fle;J
gwe;J te;jJ. mJ jd; fhyhy; ghiwiaj;
jl;bf;nfhz;Nl MtYld; Kd;Ndhf;fpr; rha;e;jJ.
jha;g;gwit FWf;Nf gwe;J nrd;wjhy; mUfpy;
nry;y Kaw;rpj;jJ. Mdhy; jha;g;gwit mtDf;F
vjpupy; ghiwePl;rpf;F ,izahf> mg;gbNa
(me;juj;jpy;) epd;wJ. mjd; fhy;fs; njhq;fpd.
,wf;iffs; mirtw;W ,Ue;jd. jha;g; gwitapd;
myfpy; ,Ue;j kPd; Jz;L me;j ,sk; gwitapd;
myFf;F mUfpy; ,Uf;FkhW neUq;fp te;jJ.
tpag;gpy; rw;W Neuk; fhj;J ,Ue;jJ. Vd; jha;g;gwit
kpf mUfpy; tutpy;iy vd;W Mr;ru;ag;gl;lJ. grpahy;>
gpj;Jg; gpbj;j mJ kPid Nehf;fpg; (me;juj;jpy; ,Ue;j
jha;g;gwitapd; myif Nehf;fpg;) gha;e;jJ. cuj;j
rj;jj;Jld;> mJ tpz;ntspapy; NkYk;> fPOkhf
tpOe;jJ. jha;g;gwit Nky; Nehf;fpg; gwe;jJ. mJ
jha;g;gwitf;Ff; fPNo gwe;J nry;Yk;NghJ> mts;
rpwFfs; fhw;iwf; fpopj;Jr; nry;Yk; rj;jj;ijf; Nfl;lJ.
mg;nghOJ xU ,uhl;rj mr;rk; mjid Ml;nfhz;lJ.
,jak; epd;W tpl;lJ. mjdhy; xd;Wk; Nfl;f
,aytpy;iy. ,e;j epiy xU tpdhb NeuNk ePbj;jJ.
mLj;j tpdhbapy; mJ jk; ,wf;iffis ntspNehf;fp
tphpj;jpUg;gjhf czu;e;jJ. fhw;W mjd; neQ;Rg; gFjp
,wFfspy; gha;e;J> gpwF mjd; tapw;Wf;F mbapy;
kw;Wk; ,wFfspy; NkhjpaJ. ,wFfspd; Edpfs;
fhw;iwf; fpopj;Jf; nfhz;L Nghtij mjdhy; czu
Kbe;jJ. ,g;nghOJ mJ fz;%bj;jdkhf tpotpy;iy.
gbg;gbahf Nky; Nehf;fpAk;> fPo; Nehf;fpAk;
gf;fthl;bYk; gwe;jJ. mjw;F ,g;nghOJ gakpyi ; y.
rpwpa kaf;f epiyia czu;e;jJ. mjd;gpd; rpwfbj;J
Nky; Nehf;fpg; gwe;jJ.
wings spread outwards
www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Prose
He uttered a joyous scream and flapped them
again. He soared higher. He raised his breast and
banked against the wind. ‘Ga, ga, ga. Ga, ga, ga.’
‘Gawlool- ah.’ His mother swooped past him, her
wings making a loud noise. He answered her with
another scream. Then, his father flew over him
screaming. Then, he saw his two brothers and
sister flying around him, soaring and diving.
Then, he completely forgot that he had not
always been able to fly, and commenced to dive
and soar, shrieking shrilly. He was near the sea
now, flying straight over it, facing out over the
ocean. He saw a vast green sea beneath him,
with little ridges moving over it; he turned his
beak sideways and crowed amusedly. His
parents and his brothers and sister had landed
on this green floor in front of him. They were
beckoning to him, calling shrilly.
He dropped his legs to stand on the green sea. His
legs sank into it. He screamed with fright and
attempted to rise again, flapping his wings. But he
was tired and weak with hunger and he could not
rise exhausted by the strange exercise. His feet
sank into the green sea, and then his belly
touched it and he sank no farther. He was
floating on it. And around him, his family was
screaming, praising him, and their beaks were
offering him scraps of dog-fish. He had made his
first flight.
About the author
Liam O'Flaherty (1896–1984) was an Irish
novelist and short story writer and a major figure
in the Irish literary renaissance. He was a
founding member of the Communist Party of
Ireland. A native Irish-speaker from the
Gaeltacht, O'Flaherty wrote almost exclusively in
English, except for a small number of short stories
in the Irish language. He spent most of his time in
travelling and lived comfortably and quietly
outside the spotlight.
landed on green floor belly touched, sank no farther
wtsteam100@gmail.com
13
mJ xU kfpo;r;rpf; $r;ry; Nghl;L> kPz;Lk; rpwfbj;jJ.
Nkd;NkYk; cauj;jpy; gwe;jJ. jd; neQ;ir cau;j;jp
fhw;iw vjpu;Nehf;fpr; rpwfbj;jJ. ‘f> f> f. f> f> f.’ ‘fYy;-
m.’ (rg;jkpl;ld) jha;g;gwit mjidf; fle;J jpBnudg;
gwe;jJ> mjd; ,wf;iffs; ngUk; rg;jj;ijf; fpsg;gpd.
mJ kw;nwhU $r;rYld; mtSf;Fg; (jha;g;gwit)
gjpyspj;jJ. mjd;gpd; je;ijg;gwit mijf;fle;J
$r;rypl;Lg; gwe;jJ. mjd; gpd; mJ jd; 2 rNfhjuu;fSk;
rNfhjupAk; jd;idr; Rw;wp> NkYk; fPOkhff; gwe;J
nry;tijAk; ghu;j;jJ.
xUNghJk; jd;dhy; gwf;f ,ayhJ vd;gij (vd;w
vz;zj;ij) mJ Kw;wpYk; kwe;J> NkYk; fPOkhff;
Fjpj;J kfpo;r;rpf; $r;rYld; gwf;fj; njhlq;fpaJ.
,g;nghOJ mJ flYf;F mUNf> flypd; ePh;Nky;>
flypd; kl;lj;ij vjpu;Nehf;fpg; gwe;jJ. jdf;F
mbapy; gr;irepw gue;j fly; ,Ug;gijg; ghu;j;jJ.
flypd; Nky; kl;lj;jpy; rpwpa miyfs; mjd; kPJ
gha;e;J nfhz;bUg;gijAk; ghh;j;jJ. mJ jd; myif
gf;fthl;by; jpUg;gp> kfpo;r;rpf; Fuy; vOg;gpaJ. mjd;
ngw;Nwhu;fSk;> rNfhju rNfhjupAk; gr;irepw (fly;)
jiuapd; kPJ mku;e;jd. mth;fs; mtid irif
fhl;b $r;rypl;Lf; $g;gpl;ldh;.
gr;ir epwf; flypd; kPJ epw;gjw;fhf jk; fhy;fis
fPNo ,wf;fpaJ. mtd; fhy;fs; mjpy; %o;fp> mJ
mr;rj;Jld; $r;rypl;L> kPz;Lk; vOtjw;F
Kaw;rpj;J> jd; ,wf;iffisg; glglj;jJ. Mdhy;
mJ grpapdhy; Nrhh;TlDk; tYtpoe;Jk; ,Ue;jJ.
NkYk; me;j tprpj;jpug; gapw;rpahy; Nrhu;Tw;W>
mjdhy; Nky; vOk;g Kbatpy;iy. gr;irf; flypy;
mjDila fhy;fs; %o;fp> gpd;dh; mjd; tapw;Wg;
gFjpAk; fly; ePiuj; njhl;lJ. mJ mjw;F Nky;
%o;ftpy;iy. mJ mjd; kPJ kpje;J nfhz;L
,Ue;jJ. mjd; FLk;gk; mjidr; Rw;wp $r;rypl;Lf;
nfhz;Lk;> ghuhl;bf; nfhz;Lk; ,Ue;jJ. mitfs;
jk; myFfspy; ghy;Rwh-kPdpd; Jz;Lfis
itj;Jf;nfhz;L mjw;Ff; nfhLf;f te;jd. mJ
Kjd;Kjyhfg; gwf;Fk; mDgtj;ijg; ngw;wJ.
Mrpupau; Fwpg;G
ypahk; x/gpyh`hu;b (1896–1984) xU mau;yhe;J ehty;
Mrpupau; rpWfij vOj;jhsu; kw;Wk; ‘mau;yhe;J
,yf;fpa kWkyu;r;rp’apd; Kd;Ndhb Mthu;. mtu;
mau;yhe;jpd; nghJTilikf; fl;rpapd; epWtd
cWg;gpdu; Mthu;. ,tu; Nfy;lhr;l; gFjpapy; ,Ue;j
Iup\; nkhopg;Ngr;rhsu; Mthu;. x/gpyh`hu;b Iup\;
nkhopapy; vOjpa rpy rpWfijfisj; jtpu mNefkhf
Mq;fpyj;jpy; kl;LNk rpwg;ghf vOjpdhu;. jd;Dila
mjpfg;gbahd Neuj;ij gazk; nra;tjpy; fopj;jhu;.
mtu;> jd; Gfo;ntspr;rj;jpw;F mg;ghy; trjpahfTk;>
mikjpahfTk; tho;e;J te;jhu;.
dog-fish
www.waytosuccess.org
 14 Way to Success

SYNONYMS
Word Synonym jkpo; mu;j;jk;
a narrow shelf that juts out from a nrq;Fj;jhd FWfpa njhq;F ghiw
ledge (n) ePl;rp
vertical surface, sill
producing a high-pitched and cuj;j Fuy; kw;Wk; fPr;Rf;Fuy;
shrilly (adv.) my;yJ rj;jk; Vw;gLj;Jjy;
piercing voice or sound
a long silver fish that swims in large xU nghpa FOthf flypy; ePe;Jk;
herring (n) ePskhd nts;sp (kj;jp)kPd;
groups in the sea
to eat something eagerly and in large
devour (v) tpiuthf tpOq;Fjy;
amounts, so that nothing is left, engulf
a sharp, broken noise or cry of a $h;ikahd cile;j rj;jk; (m) Nfhop>
cackle (n) * thj;J> flw;gwitapd; $f;Fuy;
hen, goose or seagull
a sea fish with a strong taste, often mbf;fb czthfg; gad;gLj;Jk; ey;y
mackerel (n) Ritahd fhdhq;nfSj;jp (tQ;rpuk;)
used as food kPd;
gnaw (v) to bite or chew something repeatedly fbj;Jj; Jz;L Jz;lhf;F
to run at a moderate pace with
trot (v) rPuhd ngUeil
short steps , jog, gallop
precipice (n) a very steep side of a cliff or a mountain kiyapd; nrq;Fj;jhd gFjp
whet (v) * to sharpen $h;ikahf;f rhiz gpbj;jy;
,wFfis jd; myfhy; Nfhjp
preening (v) cleaning feathers with beak Rj;jg;gLj;Jjy;
plaintively (adv.) sadly, calling in a sad way tUj;jj;Jld;
to move very quickly and easily
swoop (v) Ntfkhff; fhw;wpy; fPo;Nehf;fpg; gwj;jy;
through the air
making a gesture with the hand or irif fhl;Ljy; (m) jd;id
beckoning (v) head to encourage someone to gpd;njhlh;tjw;fhf xUtiu
approach or follow. Cf;fg;gLj;Jjy;
brink edge, border, brim tpspk;G
beneath below mbapy;
to move wings up and down, fly, rpwfbj;jy;> gwj;jy;> klf;Fjy;
flap
fold
muster to gather jpul;L
plunge dive / jump fPo;Nehf;fp Fjpj;jy;
courage confidence ijhpak;
desperate hopeless ek;gpf;if ,oe;j
starve to be deprived / deprived of food gl;bdp
plateau a wide elevated land gPlG+kp> cau;e;j ghiw
ascend to climb up, move up VWjy;
blazing shining xsp tPRk;
daintily elegantly, attractively vopy; tha;e;j
sheer steep, vertical nrq;Fj;jhd
hump a projection on the back tisT> jpkpy;
scrap to discard pieces of food Ruz;Ljy;
maddened to become mad, angered, enraged klj;jdkhjy; (m) Nfhgg;gLjy;
swish to make a whistling or hissing sound tprpy; mbj;jy;
wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Prose 15
monstrous enormous, shocking gaq;fukhd nghpa cUtk;
terror great fear, panic Ngur;rk;
moment a short period of time nehb Neuk;
mockingly sarcastically Nfyp nra;Ak; tpjkhf
soar fly high cah;e;J gwj;jy;
expanse vastness gue;Jtpupe;j
gradually slowly gbg;gbahf
amusedly in an entertaining manner nghOJNghf;fhd
exhausted became tired/run act Kw;wpYk; Nrhh;tile;j
scream shout loudly rj;jkhff; fj;Jjy;
praising expressing admiration ghuhl;Ljy;
dozing sleeping rpWJ}f;fk;
perfecting improving KO epiwthf;Fjy;
cowardice * lack of bravery, timidity Nfhioj;jdk;

ANTONYMS
Word
brink (tpspk;G/Xuj;jpy;)
plunge (Fjpj;jy;)
shrilly (cuj;jFuypy;)
beneath (mbapy;)
proud (ngUik)
sheer (nrq;Fj;jhd)
starve (gl;bdp)
mockingly * (Nfyp nra;jy;)
seized * (gwpKjy;)
trotted (elj;jy;)
plaintively (Nrhfkhf)
courage (Jzpr;ry;)
ascending (NkNyWjy;)
starve (gl;bdpAld;)
whet ($u;ikahf;Fjy;)
swooped (fPo;Nehf;fpnry;Yjy;)
desperate (ek;gpf;ifapoe;j)
scrap (rpW Jz;L)
hump (tise;j)
plaintively (tUj;jkhd)
warmly (ntJntJg;gha;)
gnawed (Jz;lhf;Fjy;)
exhausted (Kw;wpYk; Nrhh;tile;j)
desperate (ek;gpf;ifaw;W)
hidden (kiwe;Js;s)
sank (%o;Fjy;)
praising (ghuhl;Ljy;)
encourage (Cf;f%l;L)
Antonym
X middle (eLtpy;)
X ascent, increase (NkNyWjy;> cau;jy;)
X calmly (mikjpahf)
X above (NkNy)
X humble (gzpT)
X gradual (rPuhd)
X well fed (ed;F rhg;gpl;l)
X respectfully (khpahij nra;jy;)
X released (tpLtpj;jy;)
X stopped (epw;wy;)
X happily (kfpo;r;rpahf)
X timidity /cowardice (Nfhioj;jdkhd)
X descending (fPopwq;Fjy;)
X nourish (Cl;lj;Jld;)
X blunt (kOq;fr;nra;jy;)
X ascended (NkNyWjy;)
X hopeful (ek;gpf;if nfhz;l)
X chunk (ngupa msT)
X flat (Neuhd)
X happily (kfpo;r;rpahd)
X icy (Fspu;r;rpaha;)
X constructed (,izj;jy;)
X energized (Gj;Jzh;r;rpAld;)
X hopeful (ek;gpf;ifAld;)
X visible (Gyg;gLfpd;w)
X swam (ePe;Jjy;)
X scolding (jpl;Ljy;)
X discourage (jho;ikg;gLj;J)

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 16 Way to Success

TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS

WHILE READING QUESTIONS:
a) Why did the seagull fail to fly?
The seagull failed to fly, because he was afraid to fly.
b) What did the parents do, when the young seagull failed to fly?
When the young seagull failed to fly, his parents scolded him, and threatened to let
him starve on the ledge.
c) What was the first catch of the young seagull’s older brother? (PTA-5)
Herring was the first catch of the young seagull’s older brother.
d) What did the young seagull manage to find in his search for food on the ledge?
The young seagull managed to find the dried pieces of Mackerel’s tail in the previous
night. The next morning, he found the dried pieces of eggshell to eat.
e) What did the young bird do to seek the attention of his parents?
At first, the young bird pretended to fall asleep. Later it uttered a low cackle and kept
calling sadly to draw the attention of his parents.
Note: seagull-flw;gwit> failed-Njhy;tpaile;jJ> afraid-gak;> scolded-jpl;baJ> threatened-gaKWj;jpaJ>
starve-gl;bdp fplf;fl;Lk;> ledge-ghiwePl;rp> herring-xU tif fly; kPd;(kj;jp kPd;)> older brother-%j;j rNfhjuh;>
dried pieces-fha;e;j Jz;Lfs;> Mackerel’s tail-xU tif fly; kPd;(tQ;rpuk; kPd); > previous night-Kjy;ehs; ,uT>
seek the attention-ftdj;ij <h;j;jy;> pretended-ghrhq;F nra;jy;> fall asleep-J}q;Fjy;> uttered-cr;rhpj;;jy;>
low cackle-Fiwe;j rj;jk;> sadly-tUj;jkhf

f) What made the young seagull go mad?

The young seagull was very hungry and her mother did not come nearer to feed him. It
made the young seagull go mad.
g) Why did the young bird utter a joyful scream?
The young bird saw his mother picking up a piece of fish towards him. So he uttered
a joyful scream. Later when he began to fly, he uttered a joyful scream.
h) Did the mother bird offer any food to the young bird?
No, the mother did not offer any food to the young bird.
i) How did the bird feel, when it started flying for the first time?
When the seagull started flying for the first time, a monstrous terror seized him for a
moment, but then he uttered a joyful scream.
j) What did the young birds’ family do when he started flying?
The young birds’ family was very happy. His mother swooped past him, his father flew
over him, and his brothers and sister were flying around him, high and low, out of joy.
Note: hungry-grp> feed-czT+l;L> mad-igj;jpafhuj;jdkhf> picking up-vLj;jy;> joyful scream-kfpo;r;rpNahL
myWjy;> offer-mspj;jy;> monsterous terror seized-gaq;fukhd mr;rk; Ml;nfhz;bUe;jJ> swooped past-gha;e;J
nrd;wJ> flew over-gwe;J nrd;wJ
wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Prose 17
A. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.
1. How was the young seagull’s first attempt to fly? (or) Why did the seagull fail to
fly? (PTA-2)
The young seagull’s first attempt to fly was a failure, because he was afraid to fly.
He failed to muster up courage to fly. Instead of flapping his wings and flying away, he
ran back to the little hole.
2. How did the parents support and encourage the young seagull’s brothers and
sister? (PTA-4,5)
The parents supported and encouraged the young seagull’s brothers and sister, by
perfecting them in the art of flight, teaching them how to skim and surf the waves and how
to dive for fish.
3. Give an instance that shows the pathetic condition of the young bird.
The young seagull failed to muster up courage to fly. So he had to stay in his nest.
He had no food. He could not find anything but the dried pieces of eggshell to eat. This was
the pathetic condition of the young bird.
4. How did the bird try to reach its parents without having to fly?
He walked back and forth from one end of the ledge to the other. And also he tried to
find some means of reaching his parents without having to fly. But it couldn’t reach them.

Note: first attempt-Kjy; Kaw;rp> muster up-jpul;Ljy;> courage-ijhpak;> instead of-mjw;Fg; gjpyhf>
flapping his wings-rpwfbj;J gwf;fpwJ> little hole-rpwpa Jis> encouraged-Cf;Ftpj;jy;> perfecting-rhpahd top>
skim and surf-kpjg;gjw;Fk; cyhTtjw;Fk;> back and forth –Kd;Dk; gpd;Dkhf> some means-rpy topfspy;

5. Do you think that the young seagull’s parents were harsh to him? Why?
No. I don’t think that the parents were harsh to him. Here the young seagull’s parents
trained him to fly. The mother seagull showed a piece of fish to the hungry young seagull.
Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish and began to fly.
6. What prompted the young seagull to fly finally? (HY-19, MDL-19, PTA-1)
The mother seagull showed a piece of fish to the hungry young seagull. But he
couldn’t reach the food as it was out of reach. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish.
Thus, its natural bird instinct and its urge for survival prompted the young seagull to
fly, finally.
7. What happened to the young seagull when it landed on the green sea?
The young seagull landed on the green sea and sank into it. His belly touched the water
and he sank no farther. He was floating on it.
Note: harsh- fbe;J $Wjy;> showed- fhl;baJ> maddened- igj;jpakhfp> dived- Fjpj;jJ>
prompted-J}z;baJ> out of reach-vl;lhj ,lj;jpy;> instinct-cs;Szh;T> urge for survival-tho Ntz;ba
mtrpaj;jpy;> sank-%o;Fjy;> belly-tapw;Wg;gFjp> floating-kpjj;jy;

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 18 Way to Success

PARAGRAPH QUESTIONS

B. Answer each of the following questions in a paragraph of about 100-150 words.

1. Describe the struggles underwent by the young seagull to overcome its fear of
flying. (HY-19, MDL-19, PTA -2,4,5)
Lesson : HIS FIRST FLIGHT
Author : Liam O’Flaherty
Theme : Parenting care
The young seagull was alone on the ledge. Unlike his two brothers and sister, he was afraid to
fly. He failed to muster up courage to fly. His parents had come around calling to him shrilly,
scolding him, threatening to let him starve on the ledge. He had no food. He could find nothing
but the dried pieces of eggshell to eat. His parents wanted to teach him to fly. So the mother
seagull showed a piece of fish to the hungry young seagull. But he couldn’t reach the food.
Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish. In order to grab it, he had no choice other than to flap
his wings and fly towards his meal. He landed on the green sea and sank into it. He was floating
on the water. The young birds’ family was very happy and they offered him scraps of dog-fish
for his first flight. Thus the parental care, his natural bird instinct and his urge for survival
prompted him to fly, finally.
Moral: Necessity is the mother of action.

2. Your parents sometimes behave like the young bird’s parents. They may seem cruel and
unrelenting. Does it mean that they do not care for you? Explain your views about it with
reference from the story.
• Parents are our first teachers. Guiding their children at every stage is their primary
responsibility. If they fail to do this, the children cannot attain perfection.
• It is said that children start learning and responding even when they are in the womb of the
mother. A child which grows, without the guidance of the parents, lack in the art of speech,
walking, holding things, eating and even doing their day-to-day basic activities. Children
need even toilet training.
• Some children can learn easily as the young seagull’s siblings. But few hesitate or struggle
while learning new things like the young seagull. To them, the parents have to be harsh for
the betterment of their life as we see the parents of the young seagull in this lesson who have
to starve it until it flies. As the old proverb says “Bend the twig, Bend the tree”, they may
seem cruel and unrelenting. But it is for the good of their children. It is the duty of every
parent to educate and teach their young ones the art of life.

Moral: Bend the twig, Bend the tree.

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Prose 19

A DETAILED SUMMARY

Theme: Parental care

Introduction
Liam O’Flaherty was a famous Irish novelist and short story writer. One of his great works is
‘His First Flight’, a story that proves the saying ‘To master any art, one should overcome fear.’
The young seagull
The young seagull was one among the four offsprings of the father and the mother seagulls.
He was very timid. He was alone on the ledge. Unlike his two brothers and sister, he was afraid to
fly. He failed to muster up courage to fly. Instead of flapping his wings and flying away, he ran
back to the little hole.
The reaction of the parents
His parents had come around calling him shrilly, scolding him, threatening to let him starve on
the ledge. He had no food. He could find nothing but the dried pieces of eggshell to eat. His parents
wanted to teach him to fly.
The young one’s first flight
So the mother seagull showed a piece of fish to the hungry young seagull. But he couldn’t
reach the food as it was out of reach. Maddened by hunger, he dived at the fish. In order to grab it,
he had no choice other than to flap his wings and to fly towards his meal.
Landing on the water
He landed on the green sea and sank into it. His belly touched the water and he sank no farther.
He was floating on the water.
The reaction of the family
The young birds’ family was very happy. His mother swooped past him, his father flew over
him, and his brothers and sister were flying around him, high and low out of joy. They offered him
scraps of dog-fish for the success of his first flight. Thus, his natural bird instinct and his urge for
survival prompted him to fly finally.
Conclusion
These are the struggles underwent by the young seagull to overcome its fear of flying.

Moral: Necessity does the work of courage.

ANSWERS TO BOOK EXERCISES (TB - Pg.No.:6 - 16)

VOCABULARY (TB Pg.No.: 6,7)
Parts of Speech: ( For Explanation refer WTS Pg. No.:441 - 444 )
C. Change the parts of speech of the given words in the chart.
Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
exhaustion exhaust exhausting, exhausted, exhaustive exhaustedly
width widen wide widely
madness madden mad madly
perfection perfect perfect perfectly
wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 20 Way to Success
D. Read the following sentences and change the form of the underlined words as directed.
1. His family was screaming and offering him food. (to adjective)
Answer: His screaming family was offering him food.
2. The young seagull gave out a loud call. (to adverb)
Answer: The young seagull called out loudly
3. The bird cackled amusedly while flying. (to noun)
Answer: The bird cackled with amusement while flying.
4. The depth of the sea from the ledge scared the seagull. (to adjective)
Answer: The deep sea from the ledge scared the seagull.
5. The successful flight of the bird was a proud moment for the seagull’s family. (to verb)
Answer: The bird flew successfully and it was a proud moment for the seagull's family.
E. Use the following words to construct meaningful sentences on your own.
coward Tom is a coward.
gradual The economic growth is gradual.
praise Always praise the good deeds of others.
courageous Gandhiji was very courageous.
starvation His health is spoiled because of starvation.
LISTENING (TB Pg.No.: 7,213)
F. Listen to the travelogue and answer the following questions.
i) Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 1. Darjeeling 2. Kanchenjunga 3. Tiger 4. Senchal 5. Batasia loop
ii) Yes. They had a memorable and enjoyable school trip. iii) Thekkady, Kochi, Munnar, and Trivandrum
iv) State whether the following statements are True or False.
1. False (Reason: It was not cloudy, so they could get the glimpse of the Mount Everest.) 2. True
3. False (Reason: Tiger hill has earned international fame for the best sunrise view.)
SPEAKING (TB Pg.No.: 7)
G. Continue the dialogue with at least five utterances and use all the clues given above.
Answer
Mary : I think we should carry suitable clothes like daily wear for 2 days.
Father : What about the food? Do you have any idea, Mary?
Mary : Yeah. For food, I suggest Rotis, chappathis, bread, butter and jam.
Father : Don’t you think we need First-aid kit and required medicines?
Mary : Yes, of course. We must also arrange safe transport and proper accommodation.
READING (TB Pg.No.: 8,9)
H. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.
1. Bungee jumping is an activity that involves jumping from a tall structure while connected
to a long elastic cord.
2. Yes. Bungee can also be performed from a movable object like a hot-air-balloon or helicopter.
These objects have the ability to hover above the ground.
3. Bungee becomes thrilling during free falling and the rebound.
4. When one falls off the platform, the cord stretches and the jumper flies upwards again as
the cord recoils, and continues to oscillate up and down until all the kinetic energy is
dissipated. He or she gets excitement and thrill very much.
5. The Bungee jumping point is located in Mohan Chatti village, Rishikesh.
6. The minimum age to Bungee Jump is 12 years.
WRITING (TB Pg.No.: 9,10,11)
Advertisement (Refer WTS Part –III Pg.No -364 Govt.Exam Qn.No.1; Pg.No. 366 Book Back Qn.1)
Report Writing (Refer WTS Part –III Pg.No.: 382, 383 Govt. Exam Qn.2,1; Book Back Qn.2 )

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Prose 21
GRAMMAR (TB Pg.No.: 12-16)
Modals ( For Explanation refer WTS Pg. No.:418 - 420 )
A. Complete these sentences using appropriate modals. The clues in the brackets will help you.
1. When I was a child, I could climb trees easily but now I can’t. (ability in the past)
2. I will win this singing contest. (determination)
3. You can / may buy this book. It is worth buying. (advice or suggestion)
4. Poongothai can speak several languages. (ability in the present)
5. I swear I will not tell lies again. (promise)
6. My father used to play badminton in the evenings when he was at college. (past habit)
7. You must / should do as I say! (command)
8. Could/Can I have another glass of water? (request)
9. Sibi has not practised hard but he might win the race. (possibility)
10. We should / ought to preserve our natural resources. (duty)
B. Rewrite the following sentences by rectifying the errors in the use of modals.
1. Would I have your autograph? May / Can I have your autograph?
2. I can be fifteen next April. I will be fifteen next April.
3. Take an umbrella. It should rain later. Take an umbrella. It may rain later.
4. The magistrate ordered that he might pay the fine. The magistrate ordered that he should pay the fine.
5. Make me a cup of tea, shall you? Make me a cup of tea, will you?
6. You may speak politely to the elders. You ought to / should speak politely to the elders.
7. You will get your teeth cleaned at least once a You must/should get your teeth cleaned at least
year. once a year.
8. We could grow vegetables in our kitchen We can grow vegetables in our kitchen garden
garden but we don’t do it now. but we cannot do it now.
9. Must I get your jacket? The weather is cold. May / Shall I get your jacket? The weather is cold.
10. Could the train be on time? Will the train be on time?
C. Read the dialogue and fill in the blanks with suitable modals.
Dad : Shall we go out for dinner tonight?
Charan : Yes, Dad. We shall go to a restaurant where I can have some ice cream.
Dad : OK. Then, I will be at home by 7 p.m. Mom and you must / should be ready by then.
Charan : Sure. We will. My friend told me that there is a magic show nearby. Could you please take us there?
Dad : We may not have time to go for the magic show, I suppose. If we have enough time left, we
shall / will plan.
Charan : By the way, should we inform our gate keeper about our outing?
Dad : Yes, we should, so that he will be aware we aren’t at home.
Charan : Shall I call up Mom and tell her about our plan today?
Dad : You ought to. Otherwise, we might be in trouble when she returns home.
Charan : Hmm… by the time you come home in the evening, we will be waiting for you. Hope
you will not / won’t be late. Bye.
D. Read the following dialogues and supply appropriate modals.
1. Student : Can we leave our bags in the class during the break?
Teacher : Yes, you can, but arrange them neatly.
2. Passenger : My child is 6 years old. Do I have to buy him a ticket?
Conductor : Yes, you should. It costs half of the price of an adult ticket.
3. Vani : Can we go for coffee after the meeting?
Yoga : No, I can’t. I have to go home.
4. Salesman : When will I receive my order?
Customer : I can / cannot assure you sir, the order will / may be delivered tomorrow.
5. Neela : Do you think I should write about my educational background in the resume?
Preethi : Yes, you should . You would get a better job.
wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 22 Way to Success
E. Here are a few sentences already done for you. The clues given would be helpful to make
more sentences on your own.
3. You could enjoy the Architecture in
Brihadeeswarar Temple (Big temple)
4. You should visit Saraswathi Mahal (Library) at
the palace.
5. You mustn’t miss the museum.
6. You can buy art plates and paintings there.
7. You could enjoy the palace there.
8. You shall also go to Thiruvaiyaru which is
1. I would suggest that you take the Uzhavan famous for classical music.
Express to Thanjavur from Chennai. 9. I would suggest you to go to Kallanai Dam.
2. You will be more comfortable if you could 10. You would be happy to visit Poondi Basilica
book 3 tier A/C. noted for its scenic beauty around
Active and Passive voice ( For Explanation refer WTS Pg. No.:312 - 323 )
F. Change the following sentences to the other voice.
Question Answer
1. The manager appointed many office assistants. Many office assistants were appointed by the manager
2. You are making a cake now. A cake is being made by you now.
3. That portrait was painted by my grandmother. My grandmother painted that portrait.
4. Malini had bought a colourful hat for her daughter. A colourful hat had been bought by Malini for her daughter.
5. They have asked me to pay the fine. I have been asked to pay the fine by them.
6. The militants were being taken to prison by the police. The police was taking the militants to prison.
7. His behaviour vexes me. I am vexed by his behaviour.
8. Rosy will solve the problem. The problem will be solved by Rosy.
9. Our army has defeated the enemy. The enemy has been defeated by our army.
10. The salesman answered all the questions patiently. All the questions were answered patiently by the salesman.
G. Change the following into Passive voice.
Question Answer
1. Please call him at once. You are requested to call him at once.
2. How did you cross the river? How was the river crossed by you?
3. No one is borrowing the novels from the library. The novels are not being borrowed from the library.
4. Will you help me? Will I be helped by you?
5. Go for a jog early in the morning. You are advised to go for a jog early in the morning.
6. Why have you left your brother at home? Why has your brother been left at home by you?
7. Nobody should violate the rules. The rules should not be violated.
8. Someone has to initiate it immediately. It has to be initiated immediately.
9. Have you invited Raman to the party? Has Raman been invited by you to the party?
10. Please do not walk on the grass. You are requested not to walk on the grass.
You are advised to cross the busy roads carefully. /
11. Cross the busy roads carefully.
You are instructed to cross the busy roads carefully.
12. When will you book the tickets to Bengaluru? When will the tickets be booked by you to Bengaluru?
wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Prose 23
H. Change each of the following sentences into two passives using direct object as the subject
in one and indirect in the other.
a. A bar of chocolate was given to Jill by John.
1. John gave a bar of chocolate to Jill. b. Jill was given a bar of chocolate by John.
a. A pencil was lent to Keerthana by Pragathi.
2. Pragathi lent a pencil to Keerthana.
b. Keerthana was lent a pencil by Pragathi.
a. The truth was told by Sudha to her friend.
3. Sudha told the truth to her friend.
b. Sudha’s friend was told the truth by Sudha.
4. They offered the job to Venkat. a. The job was offered by them to Venkat.
b. Venkat was offered the job by them.
5. The boss showed the new computer to a. The new computer was showed to Kaviya by the boss.
Kaviya. b. Kaviya was showed the new computer by the boss.
I. Rewrite the following passage in Passive Voice.
A few days ago, someone stole Ambrose’s motorbike. Ambrose had left it outside his house.
He reported the theft to the police. The police told him that they would try to find his motorbike. This
morning, they found his motorbike. The police called Ambrose to the police station. The thieves had
painted it and then sold it to someone else. The new owner had parked the motorbike outside a mall
when the police found it. After an enquiry, the police arrested the thieves.
Answer
A few days ago, Ambrose’s motor bike was stolen. It had been left by Ambrose outside
his house. The theft was reported by him to the police. He was told by the police that (the matter
of) finding his motorbike would be tried by them. This morning his motorbike was found by
them. Ambrose was called by the police, to the police station. It had been painted by the thieves,
and it was sold. The motorbike had been parked by the new owner, outside a mall when it was
found by the police. After an enquiry, the thieves were arrested by the police.
J. Write a recipe of your favourite dish in passive voice. Remember to list out the ingredients of the
dish you have chosen and their quantity. Use Simple Present tense to write your recipe.
Carrot Kheer
Ingredients
 ¼ Kg of the carrot taken.  2 no elaichi (cardamom)
 200 gms of sugar taken.  50 gms of ghee
 100 gms of cashew nuts
Carrots are scrapped and cooked for 3 minutes. The boiled carrots are mashed nicely. The mashed
carrots are taken in a pan. Simmer over low flame, 200 gms of sugar and 250ml of milk are added
and stirred well. The cashew nuts and elaichi are roasted and added to the mix. The mixture is
stirred again well, until sugar gets dissolved properly. Now the ghee is added and stirred. Finally
the carrot kheer is ready to be served.

K. Write a report of an event held at your school using Passive voice. Use Simple Past Tense
to narrate the event.
National Science Day
- V.Amuthan
28th Feb, 2020
The National Science Day was celebrated in our school. It was presided over by the Principal of
Government college, Chennai. The welcome speech was delivered by our Head master. A debate about
the cause of global warming was conducted. Many exhibits were displayed. The vote of thanks was
delivered by the school pupil leader. Finally the programme was concluded with National Anthem.
wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 140 Way to Success

Poem – 1

LIFE*
(tho;f;if)
Henry Van Dyke

ghly; RUf;fk;

Xu; ,yl;rpa tho;f;if vt;thW tho Ntz;Lk; vd;gij ,e;jf; ftpij vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.
tho;f;if vd;gJ xU gazk;. mJ vg;nghOJk; Kd;Ndhf;fpa jpirapy; nry;y Ntz;Lk;. xUKiw
epu;zapf;fg;gl;l ,yf;fpypUe;J jpUk;gNth khwNth $lhJ. ,we;j fhyj;ijg;gw;wp
ftiyg;glf;$lhJ. kfpo;r;rp> Cf;fk; kw;Wk; ek;gpf;ifAld; gazpf;fNtz;Lk;. tho;f;ifg;gazk;
,d;gkakhdjhf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. (tho;f;if) kpfr; rpwe;jjhf ,Uf;Fk; vd;W ehk; ek;gpf;if
nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

MIND MAP

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Poem 141

TRANSLATION
L.No LIFE tho;f;if
1 Mz;bypUe;J Mz;Lf;F (gy Mz;Lfs;) vd;
Let me but live my life from year to year, tho;f;ifia (ehdhfNt) tho tpLq;fs;.
2 With forward face and unreluctant soul; Kd; Nehf;fpa Kfj;JlDk; jaf;fkw;w Md;khTlDk;
3 Not hurrying to, nor turning from the goal; mtrug;glhkYk;> ,yf;fpypUe;J jpUk;ghkYk;
4 Not mourning for the things that disappear ,Us; epiwe;j fle;jfhyj;jpy; fle;J tpl;ltw;iwg;
5 In the dim past, nor holding back in fear gw;wp ftiyg;glhkYk;>
6 vjpu;fhyk; jpiuapLk;(kiwf;Fk;) nray;fSf;fhf
From what the future veils; but with a whole gae;J gpd;Ndhf;fpr; nrd;W tplhkYk;
(thotpLq;fs;) ; Mdhy;
7 And happy heart, that pays its toll KOikahf kfpo;r;rp kpf;f cs;sj;Jld;>
8 ,sikf;Fk; KJikf;Fk; jd; jPu;itiar;
To Youth and Age, and travels on with cheer. nrYj;jp(flikiar; nra;J) kfpo;Tld; gazpj;J
(thotpLq;fs;;)
9 So let the way wind up the hill or down, Mjyhy; (tho;f;ifg;)ghij kiyNkL my;yJ
10 gs;sk;;> fbdkhf my;yJ nkd;ikahf ,Ue;jhYk;
O'er rough or smooth, the journey will be joy: gazk; kfpo;r;rpahf ,Uf;fl;Lk;.
11 ehd; rpWtdhf ,Ue;jNghJ Njbaij ,g;nghOJk;
Still seeking what I sought when but a boy, Njbf;nfhz;L ,Uf;fpNwd;.
12 Gjpa el;ig> cau;e;j jPur; nraiy> kw;Wk; xU
New friendship, high adventure, and a crown, fpuPlj;ij(Gfio)>
13 My heart will keep the courage of the quest, vd; cs;sk; NjLjypd; Cf;fj;ijj; jf;fitf;fpwJ.
14 rhiyapd; ,Wjpj; (tho;tpd; ,Wjp) jpUg;gk;
And hope the road's last turn will be the best. kpfTk; rpwe;jjhf ,Uf;Fnkd;W ek;GfpNwd;.
About the Poet Mrpupau; Fwpg;G :
Henry Van Dyke (1852 – 1933) was an American n`d;wp thd; ilf; (1852–1933) Xu; mnkupf;f
author, poet, educator, and clergyman. He served as a E}yhrpupah;> ftpQu;> fy;tp Nghjpg;gtu; kw;Wk; rkaj;
professor of English literature at Princeton University njhz;lu; Mthu;. 1899 kw;Wk; 1923f;F ,ilg;gl;l
fhyj;jpy; gpupd] ; ;ld; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; Mq;fpy
between 1899 and 1923. He was elected to the American
,yf;fpag; Nguhrpupauhfg; gzpahw;wpdhu;. mnkupf;ff;
Academy of Arts and Letters and received many other fiy ,yf;fpaf; fofj;jpw;F ,tu; Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhu;
honours. kw;Wk; gy nfsutq;fisg; ngw;whu;.
Sonnet: ]hndl;
]hndl;Nlh vd;w yj;jPd; thu;j;ijapypUe;J
The word sonnet is derived from the Italian word “sonetto,” cUthf;fg;gl;l nrhy;Ny ]hndl;. mjd; nghUs; - rpwpa
which means a ‘little song’ or ‘small lyric’. In poetry, a ghly; my;yJ rpW ftpij. ghly; ,yf;fpaj;jpy; ]hndl;
sonnet has 14 lines, and is written in 'iambic pentameter' (A vd;gJ 14 tupfs; nfhz;l ,ahk;gpf; ngd;lhkPl;lu; (xU
line with ten syllables, accented on every second syllable). The first tupapy; 10 mirfSk;> xt;nthU ,uz;lhk; jhsj;jpy;
mOj;jk;) vd;w tpjpg;gb vOjg;gLk; ghly; MFk;.
eight lines of a sonnet is known as “octave” and the last six ]hndl;by; Kjy; 8 mbfs; ‘Mf;Nlt;’ vdTk; mLj;j 6
lines are known as “sestet”. Sonnets can be categorized on mbfs; ‘n]];nll;’ vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;. ]hndl;Lfs;
the basis of their rhyme scheme. mtw;wpd; jhsmikg;Gg;gb tifgpupf;fg;gLk;.

Youth and Age travels with cheer Let the way wind up the hill Road's last turn will be the best
wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 142
A. Read the following lines from the poem and answer the questions that follows.
1. Let me but live my life from year to year, 2. In the dim past, nor holding back in fear
With forward face and unreluctant soul; From what the future veils; but with a whole
Not hurrying to, nor turning from the goal; And happy heart, that pays its toll
Not mourning for the things that disappear To Youth and Age, and travels on with cheer.
Poem comprehension (2 marks)
a) Who / Whom does the word ‘me’ refer to?
(TB-1.a) (HY-19, PTA-2,4,5)
The word ‘me’ refers to the poet.
b) What kind of life does the poet want to lead?
(TB - 1.b) (HY-19, PTA-2,4) How does he
want to live his life? (PTA-5)
The poet wants to lead a joyful life with forward
face and unreluctant soul.
c) Why do you think the poet is not in a hurry? (TB - 2.a)
In the third line the poet says, “Not hurrying to ….”
It means that he is moving towards his goal without
a hurry. So I think he is not in a hurry.
d) What should one not mourn for? (TB – 2.b)
One should not mourn for the things that he or
she had lost in the past.
e) What does the phrase ‘unreluctant soul’ mean here?
Here, the phrase ‘unreluctant soul’ means the
person who is willing to do something.
Literary appreciation (5 marks)
a) Identify the rhyming words of the given lines.
Rhyming words: year- disappear; soul – goal
b) Identify the rhyme scheme of the given lines. (TB – 7.a)
Rhyme scheme: a b b a
c) Identify the figure of speech employed in the
above line.
Figure of speech: Anaphora - Not…Not …
d) Pick out the alliterating words.
Alliterated words: let – live – life ; forward – face
Paraphrase (5 marks)
This stanza is taken from the poem ‘LIFE’ written
by ‘Henry Van Dyke’. This poem is a sonnet. The
poem ‘Life’ is the poet's own reflection on his life.
The poet wants to live his life from year to year
with a forward face and unreluctant soul. He
wants neither to hurry to his goal nor to move
away from his goal. The poet does not want to
mourn the things that he had lost in the past.
Thus, the poet gives a picture of an ideal life. Life is
a journey and we must always go forward and never
look back. We should be confident and optimistic.
wtsteam100@gmail.com
Way to Success
Poem comprehension (2 marks)
a) What does the poet mean by the phrase ‘in
the dim past’? (TB – 3.a) (PTA-6)
‘In the dim past’ refers to unhappy or unpleasant
past experiences.
b) Is the poet afraid of future? (TB – 3.b) (PTA-6)
No, the poet is not afraid of future.
c) How can one travel on with cheer? (TB – 3.c)
One can travel on with cheer by thinking of
his/her memories of youth and old age.
d) Who pays the toll to whom?
The poet’s happy heart pays its toll to his youth
and old age.
e) What doesn’t the poet want to do in fear?
The poet does not want to hold back his
journey of life in fear.
f) Whose Youth and Age is referred to here?
The poet’s youth and age is referred to here.
Literary appreciation (5 marks) (PTA-4)
a) Identify the rhyming words of the given lines. (TB – 6.a)
Rhyming words: fear - cheer; whole – toll
b) Identify the rhyme scheme of the given lines.
Rhyme scheme: a b b a
c) Pick out the alliterating words.
Alliterated words: happy - heart
d) Identify the figure of speech employed in the
above lines.
Figure of speech:
• Metaphor – In the dim past
• Personification – future veils
• Personification – heart.. pays its toll
• Contrast – Youth and Age
Paraphrase (5 marks)
This stanza is taken from the poem ‘LIFE’ written
by ‘Henry Van Dyke’. This poem is a sonnet. This
poem ‘Life’ is the poet's own reflection on his life.
The poet says that he does not hold back for the
fear of future. He wants to live his life with a
whole and happy heart which cheerfully travels
with him from youth to old age. Thus, the poet
gives a picture of an ideal life. Life is a journey and
we must always go forward and never look back. We
should be confident and optimistic.
www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Poem
3. So let the way wind up the hill or down,
O'er rough or smooth, the journey will be joy:
Still seeking what I sought when but a boy,
New friendship, high adventure, and a crown,
Poem comprehension (2 marks)
a) How is the way of life? (TB – 4.a)
The way of life is full of twists and turns, ups
and downs. It is sometimes rough and
sometimes smooth.
b) How should be the journey of life? (TB – 4.b)
The journey of life should be joyful.
c) What did the poet seek as a boy? (TB – 4.c)
As a boy, the poet sought new friendship, high
adventure and a crown of success.
d) Is the poet a boy?
No, the poet is a grown-up man. Here he
mentioned his childhood.
Literary appreciation (5 marks) (PTA-5)
a) Identify the rhyme scheme of the given lines.
Rhyme scheme: a b b a
b) Identify the rhyming words of the given lines.
Rhyming words: down - crown; joy - boy
c) Identify the figure of speech employed in the
above lines.
Figure of speech:
• Contrast – up the hill or down
• Contrast – rough or smooth
• Metaphor - crown
d) Pick out the alliterating words.
Alliterated words: still – seeking
Paraphrase (5 marks)
This stanza is taken from the poem ‘LIFE’
written by ‘Henry Van Dyke’. This poem is a
sonnet. This poem ‘Life’ is the poet's own
reflection on his life. It does not matter to the
poet whether the path goes up or down the
hill or the road may be rough or smooth, But
the journey of life will be joy. As a boy and
later as a grown-up man the poet seeks new
friendship, high adventure and the crown of
success. Thus, the poet gives a picture of an
ideal life. Life is a journey and we must always
go forward and never look back. We should be
confident and optimistic.
wtsteam100@gmail.com
143
4. Still seeking what I sought when but a boy,
New friendship, high adventure, and a crown,
My heart will keep the courage of the quest,
And hope the road’s last turn will be the best.
Poem comprehension (2 marks)
a) What kind of quest does the poet seek here?
(TB – 5.a)
The poet seeks for the courageous quest.
b) What is the poet’s hope? (TB – 5.b )
The poet hopes that last turn in his life's journey
will be the best.
c) Does the poet achieve his childhood wish?
No, the poet is still trying to achieve his
childhood wish.
d) What does ‘crown’ refer to?
‘Crown’ refers to the fame.
e) What does ‘quest’ mean?
‘quest’ means search of something.
Literary appreciation (5 marks)
a) Identify the rhyme scheme of the given lines.
Rhyme scheme: a b c c
b) Identify the rhyming words of the given lines.
Rhyming words: quest – best
c) Identify the figure of speech employed in
the above lines.
Figure of speech:
• Metaphor - crown
• Metaphor - road's last turn (life’s last turn)
d) Pick out the alliterating words.
Alliterated words: turn - the
Paraphrase (5 marks) (PTA -6)
This stanza is taken from the poem ‘LIFE’ written by
‘Henry Van Dyke’. This poem is a sonnet. This poem
‘Life’ is the poet's own reflection on his life. As a
boy and later as a grown-up man, the poet
always seeks new friendship, high adventure
and the crown of success. He says that his heart
will remain courageous to reach his desire and he
hopes that the road’s last turn will be the best.
Thus, the poet gives a picture of an ideal life. Life is
a journey and we must always go forward and never
look back. We should be confident and optimistic.
www.waytosuccess.org
 144 Way to Success

Rhyme
Stanza …. Refers …. ….. means …..
Scheme

goal - ambition
I me, my, soul - The poet unreluctant - willing to do something abba
mourning - lamenting / feeling sad
that - The poet’s happy heart veils - to hide or cover something
II abba
toll - share, effort toll - tax, fee
I - The poet
crown - coronet
III boy - Poet in childhood
when but - when only abba
crown - fame, success
IV my - The poet quest - long search abcc

PARAGRAPH QUESTION

B. Answer the following question in about 80 – 100 words.

1. Describe the journey of life as depicted in the poem by Henry Van Dyke.
Poem : LIFE
Poet : Henry Van Dyke
Theme : Live the life joyfully

The poem ‘LIFE’ written by ‘Henry Van Dyke’ is a sonnet. The poem ‘Life’ is the poet’s
reflection on his own life. He tells his point of view on the more important things in life. He
wants to lead a joyful life with a forward face and an unreluctant soul. He neither wants to hurry
to his goal nor move away from his goal. He does not want to mourn for the things that he had
lost in the past. He does not hold back for the fear of future. He wants to live his life with a
whole and happy heart, which cheerfully travels with him from youth to old age. Therefore, it
does not matter to him whether the path goes up or down the hill or rough or smooth. He will
continue to seek what he wanted as a boy - new friendship, high adventure and a crown (fame).
His heart will remain courageous and he will pursue his desires. He hopes that every turn in his
life's journey will be the best. He is optimistic.

Moral: Life is a game, play it.

Life is a challenge, face it.

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Poem 145
A DETAILED SUMMARY

Theme: Live joyfully

Introduction
The poem ‘LIFE’ written by ‘Henry Van Dyke’ is a sonnet. Henry Van Dyke was an American
author, poet, educator and clergyman. The poem ‘Life’ is the poet's reflection on his own life. He
tells his point of view on the more important things in life.
The poet’s wish
The poet wants to lead an independent life with a forward face and an unreluctant soul. He neither
wants to hurry to his goal nor to move away from his goal. He does not want to mourn the things that
he had lost in the past. He does not hold back for fear of the future. The poet wants to live his life with
a whole and happy heart, which cheerfully travels with him from youth to old age.
The poet’s journey
Therefore, it does not matter to him whether his life’s path goes up or down the hill or rough or
smooth. The poet will continue to seek what he wanted as a boy - new friendship, high adventure
and a crown (fame).
The poet’s hope
His heart will remain courageous and continues to pursue his desires. He hopes that every turn
in his life's journey will be the best.
Conclusion
This poem shows the poet’s optimistic view of life through his personal experiences. And he
expects us to lead such an ideal life with confidence.

Moral: Love the life you live….

Live the life you love….

OTHER TEXT BOOK EXERCISE

C. Based on your understanding of the poem, complete the following passage by using the phrases
given in the box.
youth to old age up or down the hill to hurry nor move away
high adventure joyful mourn looking ahead
The poet wants to live his life looking ahead, willing to do something. He neither wants to hurry
nor move away from his goal. He does not want to mourn the things he has lost, not hold back for
fear of the future. He instead prefers to live his life with a whole and happy heart which cheerfully
travels from youth to old age. Therefore, it does not matter to him whether the path goes up or
down the hill, rough or smooth, the journey will be joyful. He will continue to seek what he wanted
as a boy - new friendship, high adventure and a crown (prize). His heart will remain courageous
and pursue his desires. He hopes that every turn in his life's journey will be the best.
wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 FIGURES OF SPEECH - CONSOLIDATION
POEM 1 (LIFE)
Poem lines Figure of Speech Why? Vd;?
Not hurrying to, nor turning….. Anaphora Repetition of xU nrhw;nwhlu;> mLj;jLj;J
Not mourning for the things ….. Not…. Not…. phrases or verses tUtJ
Personification vjpu;fhyk; kdpjdhf
From what the future veils; but with... future veils like human
future veils; jpiuapLtJ
Personification ,jak; kdpjdhf tup
And happy heart, that pays its toll heart pays its toll like human
heart, that pays fl;Ltjhy;
In the dim past, nor holding back in fear Metaphor - dim past past life = darkness ,Us; vd;w fle;j fhyk;;
Metaphor road's last turn = life’s last rhiyapd; ,Wjpf; fl;lk;
And hope the road's last turn will … vd;w tho;f;ifapd;
road's last turn turn ,Wjpf;fl;lk;
New friendship, high adventure, and a crown, Metaphor - a crown a crown = fame fpuPlk; vd;w Gfo;

• To Youth and Age,……. Contrast

Youth X Age opposition between two ,U Kuz;gl;l nrhw;fs;
• So let the way wind up the hill or down,
up X down objects tUtJ
• O'er rough or smooth, the journey …..
rough X smooth
Let me but live my life from …. let - live - life
With forward face and unreluctant soul; Alliteration forward - face nrhw;fspy; cs;s Kjy;
nka; vOj;Jfspd; xypfs;
And happy heart, that pays its toll happy – heart xd;wp tUjy;
Still seeking what I sought when … Still seeking

POEM 2 (THE GRUMBLE FAMILY)

Epithet Complaining ; Grumble - Complaining ; Grumble –
Complaining Street / adjective expresses quality of xU egu; my;yJ tprak;
Grumble Family a person or thing gw;wpa milnkhop
Complaining Street / Grumble Family
Personification street complains ;
xU eguhf Gfhu; nra;Ak; njU
Complaining Street / Family grumbles – behaves xU eguhf KdFk; FLk;gk;
Grumble Family like a person;
Personification City - named after- the ‘vg;NghJk; jpUg;jpaw;wtu;fs;’
In the city of Never-Are-Satisfied, vd;w kdpj Fzj;jpd;
city of Never-Are-Satisfied persons’ unsatisfied nature ngauhy; miof;fg;gLk; efuk;
Personification River - named after- a ‘kdepiwtpd;ik’ vd;w
The River of Discontent beside. kdpj Fzj;jpd; ngauhy;
River of Discontent person’s discontented nature miof;fg;gLk; MW
They growl at that and they growl at this; Repetition kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; mNj
Repetition of words
They growl at the rain and they growl at the sun; they growl at … nrhw;fs; tUjy;
Contrast
• The weather is always too hot or cold;
hot X cold opposition between ,U Kuz;gl;l nrhw;fs;
• Summer and winter alike they scold
Summer X winter two objects tUtJ
• And whether their station be high or humble high X humble
Metaphor terrible jumble ( act of gaq;fu Fog;gk; Nghd;;w
And before he dreams of the terrible jumble
terrible jumble grumbling) Fiw nrhy;Yk; nray;
They live, it is said, on Complaining Street said – street
And whether their station be high or humble, high - humble
Summer and winter alike they scold Summer – scold
They'd growl that they'd nothing to grumble about! growl - grumble nrhw;fspy; cs;s Kjy;
Alliteration nka; vOj;Jfspd; xypfs;
Can be brought to acknowledge his family name; be brought xd;wp tUjy;
Among them too long, he will learn their ways long – learn will – ways
And so it were wisest to keep our feet were - wisest
Let us learn to walk with a smile and a song let – learn walk – with smile - song

wtsteam100@gmail.com -- 136 -- www.waytosuccess.org

 FIGURES OF SPEECH - CONSOLIDATION
POEM 3 (I AM EVERY WOMAN)
Poem lines Figure of Speech Why? Vd;?
Metaphor woman is compared to symbol jpwd; kw;Wk; typikapd;
A symbol of power and strength.
symbol of power and strength of ability and strength milahsk; Nghd;w ngz;
A part of life is compared Nfhilf;fhyk; vd;w
Metaphor
to the Summer season tho;tpd; fbdkhd gFjp; ;
The summer of life she's ready to see in spring. summer of life ;
summer = Hard times of life tre;jfhyk; vd;w tho;tpd;
in spring
spring = Good times of life ,dpa gFjp;
Metaphor
Persistence is the key to everything Persistence = key tplhKaw;rp vd;w jpwTNfhy;
Persistence is the key
Metaphor
She's a lioness; don't mess with her She = lioness ngz; vd;w ngz;rpq;fk;
She's a lioness
Repetition kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; mNj
She's today's woman. Today's woman, dear Repetition of words
today's woman nrhw;fs; tUjy;
A symbol of power and strength. symbol – strength
She puts her life at stake, she – stake
The summer of life she's ready to see in spring. summer - she's - see - spring nrhw;fspy; cs;s Kjy;
nka; vOj;Jfspd; xypfs;
She says, "Spring will come again, my dear Alliteration she - says - spring xd;wp tUjy;
Says she. Despite the sighs and groans and moans Says – she - sighs
She’s strong in her faith, firm in her beliefs she's – strong; faith – firm
Don’t ever try to saw her pride, her self-respect. saw - self-respect

POEM 4 (THE ANT AND THE CRICKET)

Personification ‘Cricket’ - behaves like a Kl;lhs; eguhf nray;gLk;
A silly young cricket, accustomed to sing
A silly young cricket silly person. fphpf;nfl; G+r;rp vd;W $wpajhy;
Personification Ant - behaves like a miserly fQ;rj;jdkhd vWk;G
Away he set off to a miserly ant,
a miserly ant person. vdf;$wpajhy;
He wished only to borrow; Personification Ant – borrows and repays vWk; G kdpju;fs; Nghy
fld; thq;Fjy;> jpUk;gj;
He’d repay it tomorrow; … borrow;… repay like human beings jUjy; - vdf;$WfpwJ.
Says the ant to the cricket, “I’m your servant vWk;G kdpju;fs; Nghy
Personification Ant – behaves like human
and friend, Ntiyf;fhud; kw;Wk;
servant and friend, beings ez;gd; $WfpwJ.
Ant says it never borrows vWk;G kdpju;fs; Nghy fld;
Personification
But we ants never borrow; we ants never lend and repays like human thq;ftp;y;iy> jpUk;gj;
never borrow; never lend
beings jutp y;iy - vdf;$wpajhy;
Ant asked cricket “Did it vWk;G> fpupf;nfl; G+r;rpaplk;
But tell me, dear cricket, Did you lay Personification
save anything for future?” kdpju; Nghy Nru;j;J
anything by lay anything by
like human beings itf;ftpy;iyah? vdf;Nfl;fpwJ.
Personification kdpju; Nghy ghl;Lg; ghbNdd;
That I sang day and night, ‘Cricket’ sang like a person. Kl;lhs; eguhf nray;gLk;
I sang fphpf;nfl; G+r;rp vd;W $wpajhy;
Go then”, says the ant, “and dance the Personification ‘Cricket’ danced like a Kl;lhs; eguhf nray;gLk;
winter away”. dance the winter away person. fphpf;nfl; G+r;rp vd;W $wpajhy;
Epithet Ground is described as snow- jiu gdpglu;e;jpUe;jJ vd
On the snow-covered ground;
snow-covered ground covered tpsf;fpf; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ
Anaphora Repetition of phrases or xU nrhw;nwhlu; mLj;jLj;J
Not a crumb….. Not a flower…. Not a leaf…
Not a… Not a… Not a… verses tUtJ
Repetition kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; mNj
For all nature looked gay.” Repetition of words
For all nature looked gay nrhw;fs; tUjy;
Metaphor Two legged crickets = Two 2 fhy; fpupf;nfl; G+r;rpfs;
Some crickets have four legs, and some have two.
some have two legged men vd;w 2 fhy; kdpju;fs;

wtsteam100@gmail.com -- 137 -- www.waytosuccess.org

 FIGURES OF SPEECH - CONSOLIDATION
Poem lines Figure of Speech Why? Vd;?
A silly young cricket, accustomed to sing silly – sing
...... sunny months of gay summer and spring sunny – summer – spring
His cupboard was empty, and winter was come cupboard – come
At last by starvation and famine made bold, by – bold nrhw;fspy; cs;s Kjy;
If not, he must die of starvation and sorrow. Alliteration starvation - sorrow. nka; vOj;Jfspd;
Says the ant to the cricket, “I’m your servant and friend, says – servant xypfs; xd;wp tUjy;
But tell me, dear cricket, Did you lay anything by dear – did
When the weather was warm?” when - weather – was – warm
“You sang, Sir, you say? sang – sir- say
Folks call this a fable. I’ll warrant it true folks - fable

POEM 5 (THE SECRET OF THE MACHINES)

Anaphora Repetition of phrases or xU nrhw;nwhlu; mLj;jLj;J
We were… We were..
We were… We were.. verses tUtJ
Assonance same vowel sound repeats xNu capnuhypapy;
Some water, coal, and oil is all we ask,
all - ask within a group of words njhlq;Fk; thu;j;ijfs;
ve;jpuq;fs; ghu;f;Fk;>Nfl;Fk;>
Imagery Machines’ works – create a
We can see and hear and count and read and write! vz;Zk;> vOj;Jk; - vd;gJ
see and hear and count picture in reader’s mind glkhf ekf;Fj; Njhd;Wk;
We can pull and haul and push and lift and drive
capuw;w ,ae;jpuk; xU
We can print and plough and weave and heat and light Personification Lifeless machines - works
eguhf Ntiyfs;
We can run and race and swim and fly and dive like persons nra;fpwJ vdf;$Wtjhy;
We can see and hear and count and read and write!
Personification Lifeless machines - not capuw;w ,ae;jpuk; xU eguhf
We are not built to comprehend a lie, understand lie like a person ngha;ia Ghpe;Jnfhs;shJ
…comprehend a lie vdf;$Wtjhy;
Lifeless machines - speak capuw;w ,ae;jpuk; xU eguhf
Personification of human love, pity, and Nerpj;jy;> ghpjhgg;gLjy;
We can neither love nor pity nor forgive …neither love nor pity nor forgiveness kw;Wk; kd;dpj;jy; Nghd;w
forgive kdpjg;gz;Gfis nra;;ahJ
vdf;$Wtjhy;
Lifeless machines –
Personification ,ae;jpuq;fs; jq;fis
consider themselves -
…children of your brain Foe;ijfshff; $Wtjhy;
We are nothing more than children of your brain! children
Hyperbole Children of human brain - ,ae;jpuq;fs; jq;fis
exaggerating an event kdp ju;fspd; Foe;ijfs; vd
…children of your brain kpifg;gLj;jpf; $Wtjhy;
Machines occupy very little ,ae;jpuq;fs; Ntiy nra;a
And a thousandth of an inch to give us play: place and works all through kpfkpfr;rpwpa ,lKk;
Hyberpole
We will serve you four and twenty hours a day a day - exaggeration
ve;NeuKk; ciog;Nghk; vdTk;
kpifg;gLj;jp $Wtjhy;
Though our smoke may hide the Heavens Connotation Sky - Ir; rpwg;gpj;Jf;
from your eyes, .. Heavens… sky is connoted as ‘heaven’ $wg;gl;Ls;s khw;W thu;j;ij
heaven
We were cast and wrought and hammered to design, We – were – wrought
We were cut and filed and tooled and gauged to fit. filed - fit.
We will serve you four and twenty hours a day! We - will
We can pull and haul and push and lift and drive pull - push nrhw;fspy; cs;s Kjy;
We can print and plough and weave and heat and light Alliteration print - plough nka; vOj;Jfspd; xypfs;
We can run and race and swim and fly and dive run - race xd;wp tUjy;
But remember, please, the Law by which we live, Law - live
We an neither love nor pity nor forgive neither - nor
Though our smoke may hide the Heavens from your eyes, hide – Heavens
It will vanish and the stars will shine again, stars - shine

wtsteam100@gmail.com -- 138 -- www.waytosuccess.org

 FIGURES OF SPEECH - CONSOLIDATION
POEM 6 (NO MEN ARE FOREIGN)
Poem lines Figure of Speech Why? Vd;?
Beneath all uniforms, a single body Simile ek; NghyNt gpwu; clYk;;
every one breathe like us
breathes Like ours: …breathes Like ours: Rthrpf;fpwJ vd;gjhy;
…….the land our brothers walk upon Simile earth is compared to burial
epyj;ijg; Nghd;w G+kp
Is earth like this, in which we all shall lie. …earth like this… land
Simile Their eyes are also like mtu;fs; fz;fs;
Remember they have eyes like ours that wake.
eyes like ours ours ek;KilaJ Nghd;wJ
They starv’d – is correct. starv’d, They-f;F mUfpy;
Transferred epithet
Are fed by …. by war's long winter starv'd. But ‘starv’d’ is transferred tuhJ winter-f;F mUfpy;
winter starv'd.
beside ‘winter’. Transfer nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.
Are fed by ….. by war's long winter starv'd. Metaphor - war's long winter war = long winter Fsph;fhyk; Nghd;w Nghu;
Metaphor mth;fSila iffs;
Their hands are ours, and in their lines we read Their hands = ours
Their hands are ours Nghd;wJ ekJ Nghd;wNj
Our hells of fire and dust outrage….. Metaphor - hells of fire hell = fire neUg;G = efuk;
Personification Lifeless air – have human kdpjg;gz;ghd
… outrage the innocence of air that is …. ntFspj;jdj;ij fhw;W
innocence of air quality - innocence ngw;wpUg;gjhf $Wtjhy;
Remember they have eyes like ours that wake Contrast opposition between ,U Kuz;gl;l nrhw;fs;
Or sleep, and strength that can be won wake X sleep two objects tUtJ
Remember……. Repetition kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; nrhw;fs;
Repetition of words
Remember……. Remember..Remember tUjy;
Beneath all uniforms, a single body breathes beneath - body – breathes
like – lie nrhw;fspy; cs;s Kjy;
Is earth like this, in which we all shall lie.
Alliteration nka; vOj;Jfspd; xypfs;
…. harvests, by war’s long winter starv’d. war’s - winter xd;wp tUjy;
Or sleep, and strength that can be won sleep - strength

POEM 7 (THE HOUSE ON THE ELM STREET)

Metaphor House is compared to kh;kkhd ,lk; Nghd;w
It is a very mysterious place,
mysterious place mysterious place tPL
Metaphor House is compared to vYk;Gf;$L Nghd;w
bare to the bone. bare bone cUf;Fiye;j tPL
Synecdoche Whole ruined house – cUf;Fiye;j tPl;il xNu
But at the same time it is bare to the bone.
bare to the bone. represented as ‘bare bone’ vYk;Gf;$lha; $Wtjhy;
Lifeless house – seems a xU egupd; vYk;Gf;$L
Personification
lifeless person’s bare bone mikg;gpyhd capuw;w tPL
It plays with your mind. Personification It plays (The house plays) xU egu; Nghy tpisahbaJ
Beside the house sits a tree. Personification Sits – behaves like a person xU egu; Nghy mku;e;jpUe;jJ
It sat alone. Personification Sat alone – behaves like a person xU egu; Nghy mku;e;jpUe;jJ
And inside you can tell it has a ton of space, Hyberpole unlimited space - ld; fzf;fpyhd ntw;wplk;
a ton of space exaggeration - kpifg;gLj;jg;gl;l thu;j;ijfs;
Lights flicker on and off. Contrast - on X off. opposition between 2 objects ,U Kuz;gl;l nrhw;fs;
Onomatopoeia Word formed from the kpd;tpsf;F mize;J
Lights flicker on and off. vupifapy; tUk; xypapypUe;J
flicker sound of blinking a lamp cUthd thu;;j;ij
How could this be? Rhetorical Question Asking questions without tpilia vjpu;ghu;f;fhky;
What happened inside that house? expect the answers Nfl;fg;gLk; Nfs;tpfs;
And inside you can tell it has a ton of space, tell-ton
But at the same time it is bare to the bone. bare - bone
The house seems to be a bit brighter be - bit - brighter nrhw;fspy; cs;s Kjy;
I drive past the house almost every day Alliteration drive – day nka; vOj;Jfspd;
Not in the winter, spring, summer or fall. spring – summer xypfs; xd;wp tUjy;
It just .... never getting small or ever growing tall, getting - growing
What happened inside that house? happened - house

wtsteam100@gmail.com -- 139 -- www.waytosuccess.org

SUPPLEMENTARY
S.No Lesson Name
1. The Tempest - Tales from Shakespeare
2. Zigzag - Asha Nehemiah
3. The Story of Mulan
4. The Aged Mother - Matsuo Basho
5. The day in 2889 of an American Journalist - Jules Verne
6. The Little Hero of Holland
7. A Dilemma – Silas Weir Mitchell

……….Fwpg;Gfs;………
muRg;nghJj;Njh;tpy; fijg;gFjpf;fhf toq;fg;gLk; kjpg;ngz;fs; - 13
 Part – III : Five Mark Question - 5 kjpg;ngz;fs; (37 & 38)
• Section-III-y; 2 tpdhf;fs; nfhLf;fg;gl;L VNjDk; xU tpdhtpw;F kl;Lk;
tpilaspf;FkhW Nfl;fg;gLfpwJ. (1 x 5 = 5)
 Part – IV : Eight Mark Question - 8 kjpg;ngz;fs; (46)
• ,g;gFjpapy; 2 gj;jp tpdhf;fs; (Paragraph questions) nfhLf;fg;gl;L VNjDk; xU
tpdhtpw;F kl;Lk; tpilaspf;FkhW Nfl;fg;gLfpwJ. (1 x 8 = 8)

• ghlg;Gj;jfj;jpy; Nfl;fg;gl;Ls;s midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilfs; jug;gl;Ls;sJ. NkYk;

Nju;T Nehf;fpYk; coherent order, comprehension kw;Wk; Paragraph tpdh-tpilfs; xt;nthU
ghlj;jpw;F gpd;Gk; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
• kPj;jpwd; khzth;fs; gj;jp tpdhf;fSf;F Fiwe;jgl;rk; 5 ghlq;fSf;F tpil vOj gapw;rp
vLj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. ,f;ifNal;by; cs;s tpilia kl;LNk vOjhky; Nfs;tpapy;
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Fwpg;Gfisg; gad;gLj;jp nrhe;j thf;fpaq;fspy; tpilaspf;f Kaw;rpj;jhy;
KO kjpg;ngz; ngw tha;g;Gs;sJ.
• nky;yf;fw;Fk; khztu;fs; gj;jp tpdhf;fSf;F Fiwe;jgl;r kjpg;ngz;fs; ngw Nfs;tpapy;
nfhLf;fg;gl;l Fwpg;Gfisg; gad;gLj;jp tpil vOj Kaw;rp nra;aTk;.
 194 Way to Success

Supplementary Reader – 1
THE TEMPEST
(fly; R+whtsp)
An Extract from Charles Lamb's Tales From Shakespeare

fijr;RUf;fk;
,J tpy;ypak; N\f;];gpaupd; Gfo;ngw;w ehlfk;> rhu;y]; yhk;g; vOjpa N\f;];gpau; fijfs; vd;w E}ypypUe;J
vLf;fg;gl;lJ. gpuh];gNuhTk;> mtu; kfs; kpuhz;lhTk;> xU jPtpy; 12 tUlq;fs; fopf;fpd;wdu;. gpuh];gNuh jd;
ke;jpu rf;jpapdhy; irNfhuhf;]hy; rpiwgpbf;fg;gl;bUe;j ey;y Mtpfis tpLtpf;fpwhu;. Mtpfspd; jiytd;
Vupay;-Yk; gpuh];gNuh-Tk; xU fg;gypy; jd; nfhLikahd rNfhjud; Md;ldpNah kw;Wk; Negps;]; ehl;L kd;dd;
myd;N]h gazk; nra;tijf; fhz;fpd;wdu;. gpuh];gNuhtpd; fl;lisiag; gpd;gw;wp> Vupay; xU fly; #whtspia
cz;lhf;FfpwJ. mtu;fs; midtUk; jPtpd; gy;NtW ,lq;fSf;Ff; nfhz;L tug;gLfpd;wdu;. gpuh];gNuh>
Vupayplk;> Negps;]; ,sturu; /ngu;bdhd;il mioj;J tur; nrhy;fpwhu;. gpuh];gNuh /ngh;bdhd;;ilr; Nrhjpj;;J>
mtUld; kpuhz;lhtpd; jpUkzj;ij epr;rapf;fpwhu;. Md;ldpNah kw;Wk; myd;N]hit Vupay;> rpj;utij nra;J>
gpuh];gNuhTf;F mtu;fs; ,ioj;j ghtj;jpw;F kd;dpg;Gf; Nfhu itf;fpwJ. gpuh];gNuh mtu;fis kd;dpf;fpwhu;.
gpuh];gNuhtpd; rpw;wurhd kpyhDf;F midtUk; jpUk;Gfpd;wdu;. VupaYk; MtpfSk; tpLtpf;fg;gLfpd;wdh;.

MIND MAP

CHARACTERS AND THEIR ROLES

Prospero (gpuh];gNuh) Main character of the story – Duke of Milan (fijj;jiytd;)
Miranda (kpuhz;lh) Heroine of the story (Prospero’s daughter) (fjhehafp)
Sycorax (irNfhuhf;];) A witch and old enemy of Ariel (R+dpaf;fhup)
Ariel (Vhpay;) Chief of all spirits (jiyik Mtp)
Caliban (fhypghd;) Ugly monster and Son of Sycorax (G+jk;)
Antonio (Mz;ldpNah) Prospero’s younger brother (tpy;yd;)
King of Naples – Alonso (myd;N]h) Enemy of Prospero who helped Antonio (tpy;yd;)
Gonzalo (nfhd;rhNyh) Kind Lord of Prospero’s court (murit mikr;rh;;)
Ferdinand (/ngh;bdhd;L) Hero of the story and Son of Alonso (fjhehafd;)

Prospero Miranda Ferdinand Ariel Antonio Alanso

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Supplementary 195

TRANSLATION
There was an island in the sea, the only flypy; xU jPT ,Ue;jJ. mjpy; trpf;Fk; xNu
inhabitants of which were an old man, named kdpjh;fs; gpuh];gNuh vd;w KjpatUk; kpf mofpa
Prospero, and his daughter Miranda, a very ,sk; ngz;zhd mtuJ kfs; kpuhz;lhTk; Mtu;.
beautiful young lady. She came to this island so jd;Dila je;ijapd; Kfj;ijj; jtpu NtW ve;j
young, that she had no memory of having seen kdpjKfj;ijAk; ghu;j;j Qhgfk; ,y;yhj
any other human face than her father’s. ,sk;gUtj;jpNyNa mts; me;jj; jPTf;F te;jhs;.
They lived in a cave made out of a rock; it was mtu;fs; xU ghiwapdhy; nra;ag;gl;l Fifapy;
divided into several apartments, one of which tho;e;jdu;. mJ gy miwfshfg; gpupf;fg;gl;L ,Ue;jJ.
Prospero called his study; there he kept his books, mtw;wpy; xd;W gpuh];gNuhtpd; gbg;giwahf ,Ue;jJ.
mjpy;> mtu; Kf;fpakhf ke;jpuf;fiy E}y;fis
which chiefly treated of magic. By virtue of his
itj;jpUe;jhu;. jd;Dila (ke;jpuf;) fiyapd; %ykhf>
art, he had released many good spirits from a irNfhuf;]; vd;w muf;fpahy; ngupa kuq;fspy;
witch called Sycorax who had them imprisoned in rpiwg;gLj;jp itf;fg;gl;l gy ey;y Mtpfis tpLtpj;J
the bodies of large trees. These gentle spirits were ,Ue;jhu;. ,e;j rhJthd Mtpfs; md;wpypUe;J
ever after obedient to the will of Prospero. Of gpuh];gNuhtpd; tpUg;gj;jpw;Ff; fPo;gbe;J ,Ue;jd. VupaNy
these Ariel was the chief. mtw;wpd; jiytd; Mthd;.
Ariel took rather too much pleasure in tormenting jq;fSila gioa vjpup irNfhuf;];-d; kfd; vd;w
an ugly monster called Caliban, because he was the fhuzj;jhy;> fhypghd; vd;w mofw;w muf;fid
rpukg;gLj;Jtjpy; Vupay; kpfTk; kfpo;r;rp mile;jJ.
son of his old enemy Sycorax. Caliban was kuf;fl;ilfis vLj;J tuTk;> mjpf ciog;Gkpf;f
employed like a slave, to fetch wood, and do the Ntiyfisr; nra;aTk; Xu; mbikiag; Nghy; fhypghd;
most laborious offices; and Ariel had the charge of gzpaku;j;jg;gl;lhd;. mtid Nkw;fz;l gzpfs; nra;af;
compelling him to these services. fl;lhag;gLj;Jk; nghWg;G VupaYf;F ,Ue;jJ.
With the help of these spirits, Prospero could ,e;j Mtpfspd; cjtpahy; gpuh];gNuh fhw;iwAk;>
command the winds, and the waves of the sea. flyiyfisAk; Mizapl Kbe;jJ. mtUila
By his orders they raised a violent storm, in the Mizahy; mitfs;(Mtpfs;) xU gaq;fu #whtspf;
midst of which, he showed his daughter a fine fhw;iw Vw;gLj;jpd. me;j #whtspapd; kj;jpapy; Xu;
large ship, which he told her was full of living mofpa ngupa fg;giy jd; kfSf;Ff; fhl;b mjpy;
beings like themselves. jk;ikg; Nghd;w kdpjg;gpwtpfs; cs;sdu; vd;W $wpdhh;;.
“Oh my dear father,” said she, “if by your “md;Gs;s je;ijNa> ,e;j mr;RWj;Jk; Gaiy cq;fs;
art you have raised this dreadful storm, fiyapdhy; ePq;fs; cUthf;fpapUe;jhy;> mtu;fspd;
Nrhfk; epiwe;j gupjhgepiyapd; kPJ ,uf;fk; fhl;Lq;fs;.
have pity on their sad distress. See! the ghUq;fs;! me;jf; fg;gy; Jz;Lfshf rpijTWk;
vessel will be dashed to pieces. Poor souls! NghypUf;fpwJ. gupjhgj;jpw;Fupa Mj;khf;fs;! mtu;fs;
they will all perish.” ngupJk; Jd;gg;gLthu;fs;.” vd;W mts; $wpdhs;.
“Be not so amazed, daughter Miranda,” said “kfs; kpuhz;lhNt> me;j msTf;F tpag;G milahNj.
Prospero; “there is no harm done. I have so ve;jj; jPq;Fk; ,iof;fg;gltpy;iy. fg;gypYs;s ve;j
ordered it, that no person in the ship shall xU kdpjDf;Fk;> ve;jj; jPq;Fk; Vw;glhky; ,Uf;f ehd;
Mizapl;Ls;Nsd;. vd; md;G Foe;jha;> cd;Dila
receive any hurt. What I have done has been in ed;ikf;fhfNt ehd; ,ijr; nra;jpUf;fpNwd;. eP
care of you, my dear child. You are ignorant. mwpakhl;lha;. ,e;j Fiff;F tUtjw;F Kd;dhy;
Can you remember a time before you came to ,Ue;j fhyj;ij eP epidj;Jg; ghu;f;f KbAkh?
this cell? I think you cannot, for you were notKbahJ vd ehd; epidf;fpNwd;. mg;nghOJ cdf;F
then three years of age.” 3 taJ $l Mftpy;iy>” vd;W gpuh];gNuh nrhd;dhu;.
“Twelve years ago, Miranda,” continued mtu; NkYk; njhlu;e;jhu;. “kpuhz;lh 12 tUlq;fSf;F
Prospero, “I was Duke of Milan, and you were Kd; ehd; kpyhd; vd;w efuj;jpw;Fr; rpw;wurdhf
a princess, and my only heir. I had a younger ,Ue;Njd;. vd;Dila xNu thuprhd eP ,sturpahf
,Ue;jha;. vdf;F xU rNfhjud; ,Ue;jhd;> mtd;
brother, whose name was Antonio, to whom I ngah; Mz;ldpNah. ehd; mtd; kPJ ek;gpf;if
trusted everything; My brother Antonio being itj;jpUe;Njd;. vd; mjpfhuk; kPJ chpik
thus in possession of my power, began to think nfhz;bUe;j vd; rNfhjud;> jd;idj;jhNd
himself the duke indeed. rpw;wurdhf epidf;fj; njhlq;fpdhd;.

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 196 Way to Success
The opportunity I gave him of making himself mtid vd; Fbkf;fSf;F ,ilapy; Gfo;kpf;ftdhfj;
popular among my subjects awakened in his bad jpfo ehd; mspj;j re;ju;g;gk;> mtdplk; xU nfl;l
nature a proud ambition to deprive me of my ,ay;ghd> vd;Dila murhl;rpiag; gwpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w
dukedom: this he soon effected with the aid of mtdJ Nguhiriaj; J}z;btpl;lJ. vd;Dila vjpupahd
the King of Naples, a powerful prince, who was typikkpf;f murdhd Negps;]; ehl;L kd;ddpd;
my enemy.” cjtpNahL ,e;j jPa jpl;lj;ij eilKiwg;gLj;jpdhd;.
“Wherefore,” said Miranda, “did they not that hour kpuhz;;lh nrhd;dhs;> “mg;Ngh> mtu;fs; me;j Neuj;jpy; ek;ik
mopf;ftpy;iyah?” “Foe;jha;> mtu;fs; (mijr; nra;a)
destroy us?” “My child,” answered her father,
Jzpatpy;iy. vd;kPJ kf;fs; kpFe;j md;G
“they dared not, so dear was the love that my nfhz;bUe;jhu;fs;. Md;ldpNah ek;ik xU fg;gypy; Vw;wp>
people bore me. Antonio carried us on board a ship, flypy; njhiyJ}uj;jpy; ,Ue;jNghJ> ehk; mope;J tpl
and when we were some leagues out at sea, he Ntz;Lk; vd;W epidj;Nj> mtd; ek;ik tYf;fl;lhakhf
forced us into a small boat, without either tackle, fapW> JLg;G> gha;kuk; Nghd;W ve;jf; fUtpfSk; ,y;yhj
sail, or mast: there he left us, as he thought, to xU rpwpa glfpy; ,wf;fp tpl;lhd;. Mdhy; vd;id Nerpj;j
perish. But a kind lord of my court, one Gonzalo, vd; muritapy; ,Ue;j ,uf;fKs;s Xu; mikr;ru;
nfhd;rhNyh ufrpakhf me;jg; glfpy; jz;zPu;> mj;jpahtrpag;
who loved me, had privately placed in the boat, (czT) nghUl;fs;> Milfs; kw;Wk; ehd; vd;
water, provisions, apparel, and some books which murhl;rpiatpl mjpfkhf kjpj;j rpy Gj;jfq;fisAk;
I prize above my dukedom.” itj;jpUe;jhu;>’ vd;W mts; je;ij gjpyspj;jhu;.
“O my father,” said Miranda, “what a trouble must “je;ijNa me;j Neuj;jpy; ehd; cq;fSf;F rpukkhf
I have been to you then!” “No, my love,” said ,Ue;J ,Ug;Ngd;>” vd;W kpuhz;lh nrhd;dhs;. gpuh];gNuh
Prospero, “you were a little angel that did preserve nrhd;dhu;> “,y;iy vd; md;Ng! vd;idg; Ngzpf;fhj;j
me. Your innocent smiles made me bear up rpwpa Njtijahf ,Ue;jha;. cd;Dila fsq;fkw;w
Gd;dif vd; Jujpu;\;lq;fis rfpj;Jf; nfhs;sr; nra;jJ.
against my misfortunes. Our food lasted till we ehk; ,e;jg; ghiytdj;jPit milAk; tiu czT
landed on this desert island, since when my chief NghJkhdjhf ,Ue;jJ. mjpypUe;J cdf;Ff; fy;tp
delight has been in teaching you, Miranda, and fw;gpg;gjpy;jhd; vd; kdkfpo;r;rp ,Ue;jJ. ePAk; ehd;
well have you profited by my instructions.” Nghjpj;jtw;iw ed;whfg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;lha;.”
“Heaven thank you, my dear father,” said kpuhz;lh nrhd;dhs;> “tpz;zsT ed;wp! vd; md;Gj;
Miranda. “Now tell me, sir, your reason for raising je;ijNa> ,g;nghOJ $Wq;fs;> ,e;jf; flw;Gaiy fpsg;gf;
this sea-storm?” “Know then,” said her father, fhuzk; vd;d?”. “mg;gbnadpy; njupe;Jnfhs;. ,e;jf;
“that by means of this storm, my enemies, the flw;Gayhy; vd; vjpupfshd Negps; ehl;L murDk; vd;
King of Naples, and my cruel brother, are cast nfhba rNfhjuDk; ,e;jj; jPtpy; fiu NrUthu;fs;.” vd;W
ashore upon this island.” mts; mg;gh nrhd;dhu;.
Having so said, Prospero gently touched his daughter ,t;thW nrhy;yp> gpuh];gNuh nkJthf ke;jpuf;Nfhiyf;
with his magic wand, and she fell fast asleep; for the nfhz;L jd; kfisj; njhl;lhu;. mts; mau;e;J J}q;fp
spirit Ariel just then presented himself before his tpl;lhs;. mg;nghOJjhd; Vupay; Mtp jd; v[khddplk;
master, to give an account of the tempest, and how he flw;#whtspiag; gw;wp tpsf;fkspf;fj; Njhd;wpdhd;.
had disposed of the ship’s company, and though the fg;gypy; ,Ue;jtu;fis vt;thW ifahz;lhd; vd;gijf;
spirits were always invisible to Miranda, Prospero did $wpdhd;. kpuhz;lhtpd; fz;fSf;F Mtpfs; Gyg;glhky;
not choose she should hear him holding conversation ,Ue;jNghjpYk; jhd; ntw;Wf;fhw;Wld; ciuahly;
(as would seem to her) with the empty air. elj; J tjhf mts; fUjf; $lhJ vd gpuh]; gNuh epidj;jhu;.
gpuh];gNuh Vupaiy Nehf;fpr; nrhd;dhu;> “ey;yJ vd;
“Well, my brave spirit,” said Prospero to Ariel, typikkpf;f MtpNa> eP cd;Dila ,e;jg; gzpia
“how have you performed your task?” Ariel vt;thW nra;J Kbj;jha;?”. Vupay; #whtspiag; gw;wpa
gave a lively description of the storm, and of the Neub tu;zid nfhLj;jhd;> fg;gNyhl;bfspd; mr;rj;ijg;
gw;wpAk;> kd;ddpd; kfd; /ngu;bdhd;L flypy; vt;thW
terrors of the mariners; and how the king’s son,
Kjypy; Fjpj;jhh; vd;gijg; gw;wpAk;> mtd;
Ferdinand, was the first who leaped into the sea; je;ij(myd;N]h) jd; md;G kfd;(/ngu;bdhd;l;) fly;
and his father thought he saw his dear son miyfshy; tpOq;fg;gl;L njhiye;Jtpl;ljhf epidj;jJ
swallowed up by the waves and lost. “But he is gw;wpAk; $wpdhd;. “Mdhy; mtNdh(/ngu;bdhd;l;) jPtpd;
safe,” said Ariel, “in a corner of the isle, sadly xU %iyapy; jd;Dila je;ij> kd;dh; ,we;Jtpl;lhu;
lamenting the loss of the king, his father. vd;W vz;zp Nrhfkhf tUe;jpf; nfhz;L ,Uf;fpwhd;>”
vd;W Vupay; nrhd;dhd;.
wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Supplementary
“That’s my delicate Ariel,” said Prospero.
“Bring him here: my daughter must see this
young prince. Where is the king, and my
brother?” “I left them,” answered Ariel,
“searching for Ferdinand, whom they have little
hopes of finding, thinking they saw him perish.
Of the ship’s crew not one is missing; though
each one thinks himself the only one saved: and
the ship, though invisible to them, is safe in the
harbour.”
Ariel then went to fetch Ferdinand. “O my young
gentleman,” said Ariel, when he saw him, “I will
soon move you. You must be brought, I find, for
the Lady Miranda to have a sight of your pretty
person. Come, sir, follow me.”
He followed in amazement the sound of Ariel’s
voice, till it led him to Prospero and Miranda,
who were sitting under the shade of a large tree.
Now Miranda had never seen a man before,
except her own father. “Miranda,” said
Prospero, “tell me what you are looking at
yonder.”
“O father,” said Miranda, in a strange surprise,
“surely that is a spirit. Lord! How it looks about!
Believe me, it is a beautiful creature. Is it not a
spirit?” “No, girl,” answered her father; “it
eats, and sleeps, and has senses such as we have.
This young man you see was in the ship.
He is somewhat altered by grief, or you might
call him a handsome person. He has lost his
companions, and is wandering about to find
them.”
Miranda, who thought all men had grave faces
and grey beards like her father, was delighted
with the appearance of this beautiful young
prince; and Ferdinand, seeing such a lovely lady
in this desert place, and from the strange sounds
he had heard, expecting nothing but wonders,
thought he was upon an enchanted island, and
that Miranda was the goddess of the place, and
as such he began to address her.
She timidly answered, she was no goddess,
but a simple maid, and was going to give him
an account of herself, when Prospero
interrupted her.
wtsteam100@gmail.com
197
“(ey;yJ nra;jha;) vd; mUik Vupay;. mtid ,q;Nf
nfhz;L th. me;j ,sk; ,sturid vd; kfs; ghu;f;f
Ntz;Lk;. kd;dDk;> vd; rNfhjuDk; vq;Nf
,Uf;fpwhu;fs;?” vd;W gpuh];gNuh nrhd;dhu; “mtu;fis>
/ngu;bdhd;il Njbf;nfhz;L ,Uf;fl;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf
tpl;L tpl;Nld;. mtidf; fz;Lgpbf;Fk; ek;gpf;if
mtu;fSf;F ,y;iy. mtd; ,we;Jtpl;lhd; vd;W
vz;zpf;nfhz;L ,Uf;fpd;wdu;. fg;gy; Copau;fspy;
ahUk; jtwpg; Nghftpy;iy> MapDk; mtu;fs;
xt;nthUtUk; jhd; kl;Lk;;jhd; fhg;ghw;wg;gl;Ls;Nshk;
vd;W epidf;fpd;whu;fs;. NkYk; fg;gy; mtu;fSf;Fj;
njd;gltpy;iynad;whYk; JiwKfj;jpy; gj;jpukhf
cs;sJ.” vd;W Vupay; gjpyspj;jhd;.
mjd;gpd; Vupay; /ngu;bdhd;il mioj;Jtug; Ngha;
tpl;lhd;. Vupay; nrhd;dhd;> “vd; ,sk; fzthNd>
tpiutpy; ehd; cd;idf; nfhz;L nry;yg;NghfpNwd;. eP
nfhz;Ltug;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,sk;ngz; kpuhz;lh cd;
mofpa Njhw;wj;ijg; ghu;f;f Ntz;Lk;. vd;idj;
njhlh;e;J thUq;fs; Iah.” vd;W Vupay; nrhd;dhd;.
Vupaypd; Fuiyf; Nfl;Lf;nfhz;Nl mtd; tpag;gpy;
gpd;njhlu;e;jhd;. ngupa xU kuj;jpd; epoypy; gpuh];gNuh
kw;Wk; kpuhz;lh mku;e;jpUe;j ,lk; tiuapy; mJ
topelj;jpr; nrd;wJ. ,g;nghOJ kpuhz;lh jd;Dila
nrhe;jj; je;ijiaj; jtpu NtW ve;j kdpjidAk;
xUNghJk; ghu;f;ftpy;iy. gpuh];gNuh nrhd;dhu;>
“kpuhz;lh eP mq;Nf vd;d ghu;;j;Jf; nfhz;L ,Uf;fpwha;
vd;gij vdf;Fr; nrhy;.”
xU tprpj;jpukhd tpag;gpy; ,Ue;j kpuhz;lh nrhd;dhs;>
“je;ijNa epr;rakhf mJ Xu; Mtp. mJ vt;thW
Njhd;WfpwJ! vd;id ek;Gq;fs;. ,J Xu; mofpa
gilg;G. ,J Xu; Mtp ,y;iyah?” vd;W mts; je;ij
gjpyspj;jhu;> “,y;iy kfNs. ,J rhg;gpLfpwJ.
J}q;FfpwJ. ek;ikg; Nghy; czu;Tfisg; ngw;Ws;sJ.
eP ghu;f;Fk; ,e;j ,isQd; me;jf; fg;gypy; ,Ue;jtd;.
mtd; Nrhfj;jpdhy; khw;wk; fz;Ls;shd;> ,y;yhtpby;
eP mtid Xu; mofhd egu; vd;W mioj;jpUg;gha;.
mtd; jd; cld; te;Njhiu ,oe;J epw;fpd;whd;.
mtu;fisf; fz;lwpa cyhtpf; nfhz;L ,Uf;fpwhd;.
kpuhz;lh vy;yh kdpju;fSk;> Nrhfkhd Kfq;fSk;>
ntspwpa jhbfSk; nfhz;L jd; je;ijiag; Nghy;
,Ug;ghu;fs; vd epidj;jpUe;j mts;> ,e;j mofpa
,sk; ,sturdpd; Njhw;wj;ijf; fz;L kpfTk;
kfpo;e;jhs;. mNjNghy; /ngu;bdhd;Lk;> me;jg;
ghiytdj;jPtpy; mofpa ngz;izg; ghu;j;jjpy;>
tprpj;jpukhd Fuy;fis Nfl;ljdhy;> tpag;Gf;fisj;
jtpu NtW vijAk; vjpu;ghu;f;fhJ> jhd; ke;jpuj;jPtpy;
,Ug;gjhf vz;zp> kpuhz;lhNt me;j ,lj;jpd; Njtij
vd;W fUjp mtsplk; Ngrj; njhlq;fpdhd;.
mts; kpfTk; gzpthfg; gjpyspj;jhs;. mts;
Njtij ,y;iy. Mdhy;> xU rhjhuz fd;dpg; ngz;.
NkYk; jk;ikg; gw;wpa nra;jpfis mtDf;Fr;
nrhy;yg; Nghtjhff; $wpdhs;. mg;nghOJ
gpuh];gNuh ,ilkwpj;jhu;.
www.waytosuccess.org
 198
He was well pleased to find they admired each
other, but to try Ferdinand’s constancy, he
resolved to throw some difficulties in their way:
therefore advancing forward, he addressed the
prince with a stern air, telling him, he came to
the island as a spy, to take it from him who was
the lord of it.
“Follow me,” said he, “I will tie your neck and
feet together. You shall drink sea-water; shell-
fish, withered roots, and husks of acorns shall
be your food.” “No,” said Ferdinand, “I will
resist this” and drew his sword; but Prospero,
waving his magic wand, fixed him to the spot
where he stood, so that he had no power to
move. Miranda hung upon her father, saying,
“Why are you so ungentle? Have pity, sir; I will
be his surety. This is the second man I ever saw,
and to me he seems a true one.”
“Silence,” said the father: “one word more will
make me chide you, girl! What! An advocate for
an impostor! You think there are no more such
fine men, having seen only him and Caliban.”
This he said to prove his daughter’s constancy;
and she replied, “My affections are most
humble. I have no wish to see a goodlier man.”
“Come on, young man,” said Prospero to the
Prince; “you have no power to disobey me.”
Prospero had commanded Ferdinand to pile up
some heavy logs of wood. Kings’ sons not being
much used to laborious work, Miranda soon
after found him almost dying with fatigue.
“Alas!” said she, “do not work so hard; my
father is at his studies, he is safe for these three
hours; pray rest yourself.”
“O my dear lady,” said Ferdinand, “I dare not. I
must finish my task before I take my rest.” “If
you will sit down,” said Miranda, “I will carry
your logs the while.” But this Ferdinand would
by no means agree to. Prospero, who had
enjoined Ferdinand this task merely as a trial of
his love, was not at his books, as his daughter
supposed, but was standing by them invisible,
to overhear what they said. Ferdinand inquired
her name, which she told, saying it was against
her father’s express command she did so.
wtsteam100@gmail.com
Way to Success
mtu;fs; xUtu; kw;wtiu tpae;J ghuhl;Ltijf; fz;l
mtu; kpf;f kfpo;r;rp mile;jhu;. Mdhy;> /ngu;bdhd;bd;
epiyj;j jd;ikia Nrhjpg;gjw;Fj; jPu;khdpj;jhu;.
mtu;fspd; topapy; rpy rpukq;fis Vtp tpl epidj;jhu;.
Mifahy;> Kd;Ndhf;fp te;J ,sturid Nehf;fp
fz;bg;ghd Fuypy; mtd; Xu; xw;wdhf me;j jPTf;F te;J
jPtpd; mjpgjpahd jd;dplkpUe;J mij (me;jj;jPit)
vLj;Jf; nfhs;s te;jjhf Fw;wk; Rkj;jpdhu;.
“vd;idg; gpd; njhlu;e;J th. ehd; cd; fOj;ijAk;>
fhiyAk; xU Nruf;fl;bg; NghLNtd;. eP fly;ePiuf;
Fbf;fyhk;> rpg;gp-kPDk;> thbtpl;l Ntu;fSk;> Nrhsj;jpd;
jtpLNk cd;Dila czthFk;.” vd;W mtu; nrhd;dhu;.
/ngu;bdhd;L nrhd;dhd;> “,y;iy. ,ij ehd; vjpu;g;Ngd;.”
jd;Dila this cUtpdhd;. Mdhy; gpuh];gNuh
jd;Dila ke;jpuf;Nfhiy mirj;J mtd; epd;wpUe;j
,lj;jpNyNa mirtw;W ,Uf;fr; nra;jhu;. kpuhz;lh jk;
je;ijia mizj;Jf; nfhz;L nrhd;dhs;> “ePq;fs; Vd;
,t;thW ,uf;fkw;W ,Uf;fpwPh;fs;? ,uf;fk; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
ehd; mtDf;Fg; gpiz MNtd;. ehd; ,Jtiuapy; ghh;j;j
,uz;lhtJ kdpjd; ,td;. vdf;F ,td;
cz;ikAs;stdhfj; Njhd;Wfpwhd;.”
je;ij nrhd;dhu;> “mikjp> NkYk; xU thu;j;ij nrhd;dhy;
ehd; cd;id jz;bf;f Ntz;bapUf;Fk;. ngz;Nz! vd;d! xU
Nghyp kdpjDf;fhf eP tf;fhyj;J thq;Ffpwhah? ,tidg;
Nghd;w mofpa kdpju;fs; NtW ,y;iy vd;W eP epidf;fpwhah.
eP ,tidAk;> fhypghidAk; kl;Lk; ghu;j;jpUf;fpwha;.” ,J
mtu; jd; kfspd; epiyj;j jd;ikia Nrhjpf;f ,t;thW
$wpdhu;. mjw;F mts; “vd;Dila ghrq;fs; kpfTk;
gzpTilait. ,tiu tpl ey;y kdpjidg; ghu;f;f ehd;
tpUk;gtpy;iy”, vd gjpyspj;jhs;. gpuh];gNuh ,sturdplk;
nrhd;dhu;> “,isQNd> th vdf;Ff; fPo;g;gbahky; ,Uf;f
cdf;Fr; rf;jp VJk; ,y;iy.”
gpuh];gNuh /ngu;bdhd;Lf;F rpy fdj;j kuf;fl;ilfis
Ftpf;FkhW Mizapl;lhu;. kd;ddpd; Gjy;th;fs;
,j;jifa ciog;Gkpf;f Ntiyfs; nra;J gof;fk;
,y;iy. kpuhz;lh mth; fisg;Gld; Ntiy nra;J
Jd;GWtijf; fz;lTld;> mts; nrhd;dhs;> “IaNfh!
,t;tsT fLikahf Ntiy nra;ahjPu;fs;. je;ij
mtUila gbg;giwapy; (gbj;Jf;nfhz;L) ,Uf;fpwhu;. 3
kzp tiuapy; mtu; ghJfhg;ghf (mq;Fjhd;) ,Ug;ghu;.
jaT nra;J Xa;T vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.”
/ngu;bdhd;L nrhd;dhu;> “md;Gs;s ngz;Nz> ehd;
Jzpa khl;Nld;. Xa;T vLg;gjw;F Kd; vd; gzpia
ehd; Kbj;jhf Ntz;Lk;.” “ePq;fs; mkh;tPh;fshdhy;
mJtiuapy; ehd; cq;fSf;fhf fl;ilfisr;
Rkg;Ngd;”, vd;W kpuhz;lh nrhd;dhs;. Mdhy;>
/ngu;bdhd;L xUNghJk; mjw;Fr; rk;kjpf;ftpy;iy.
gpuh];gNuh> /ngu;bdhd;bd; fhjYf;F xU Nrhjidahf
,g;gzpiaf; fl;lis ,l;lhu;. mtu; jd; kfs;
nrhd;dijg; Nghy E}y;fs; thrpf;ftpy;iy. Mdhy;>
mtu;fs; Ngrpaij xl;Lf; Nfl;gjw;fhf> mtu;fs;
mUfpNyNa fz;Zf;F njhpahjthW epd;W nfhz;L
,Ue;jhh;. /ngu;bdhd;L mts; ngaiu tprhupj;jhu;.
mts; jdJ je;ijapd; ntspg;gilahd Mizia
vjpu;j;J mt;thW nra;jjhff; $wpdhs;.
www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Supplementary
And then Ferdinand, in a fine long speech, told
the innocent Miranda he was heir to the crown
of Naples, and that she should be his queen.
Prospero then appeared before them.
“Fear nothing, my child,” said he; “I have
overheard, and approve of all you have said.
And, Ferdinand, if I have too severely used you,
I will make you rich amends, by giving you my
daughter as your wife in future. All your
vexations were but trials of your love, and you
have nobly stood the test.
When Prospero left them, he called his spirit Ariel,
who quickly appeared before him, eager to relate
what he had done with Prospero’s brother and the
King of Naples. Ariel said he had left them almost
out of their senses with fear, at the strange things he
had caused them to see and hear. When fatigued
with wandering about, and famished for want of
food, he had suddenly set before them a delicious
banquet, and then, just as they were going to eat, he
appeared visible before them in the shape of a
harpy, a voracious monster with wings, and the
feast vanished away. Then, to their utter
amazement, this seeming harpy spoke to them,
reminding them of their cruelty in driving Prospero
from his dukedom, and leaving him and his infant
daughter to perish in the sea; saying, that for this
cause these terrors were suffered to afflict them.
The King of Naples, and Antonio the false brother,
repented the injustice they had done to Prospero.
“Then bring them here, Ariel,” said Prospero. Ariel
soon returned with the king, Antonio, and old
Gonzalo. This Gonzalo was the same who had so
kindly provided Prospero formerly with books and
provisions, when his wicked brother left him, as he
thought, to perish in an open boat in the sea.
Grief and terror had so stupefied their senses,
that they did not know Prospero. He first
discovered himself to the good old Gonzalo,
calling him the preserver of his life; and then his
brother and the king knew that he was the
injured Prospero.
Antonio with tears, and sad words of sorrow and
true repentance, implored his brother’s
forgiveness and Prospero forgave them; and,
upon their engaging to restore his dukedom, he
said to the King of Naples, “I have a gift in store
for you too;” and opening a door, showed him
his son Ferdinand playing chess with Miranda.
wtsteam100@gmail.com
199
mjd;gpd; /ngu;bdhd;l;> fs;sq;fglkw;w kpuhz;lhtplk;>
mtu;; Negps;]; ehl;bd; gl;lj;J ,sturu; vdTk;;>
mts;jhd; jd;Dila uhzpahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vdTk;
jdJ mofpa ePz;l Ngr;rpy; nrhd;dhu;. ,jd;gpd;
gpuh];gNuh mtu;fspd; Kd;dhy; Njhd;wpdhu;.
mtu; nrhd; dhu; > “vd; Foe; j ha; > gag; g Ltjw; F
xd; W kpy; iy. ePq ; f s; Ngrpaij ehd; xl; L f; N fl; N ld;
eP q ; f s; nrhy; t ijnay; yhk; ehd; Vw; Wf; nfhs;f pNwd; .
/ngu; bdhd; L ! ehd; cd;i d kpfTk; nfh^ukhfg;
gad; g Lj; j pNdd; . vd; kfis cdJ kidtpahfr;
rpwg; g hd Kiwapy; ehd; guprspf; f pd; N wd; . cd; Dila
Jd; gq; f s; vy;y hk; > cd;D ila fhjYf; Fupa
Nrhjidfs; . ,e; j NrhjidfSf; F eP kpfTk;
cau; e ; j Kiwapy; ele; J nfhz; lha; .
gpuh];gNuh mtu;fis tpl;Lr;nrd;W> Mtpahd Vupaiy
mioj;jhu;. clNd mtd;> gpuh];gNuhtpd; rNfhjuu; kw;Wk;
Negps;]; kd;du; MfpNahiuf; ifahz;lijg; gw;wp
$Wtjw;fhf> MtNyhL mtu; Kd; Njhd;wpdhd;. mtu;fis
mr;rj;Jld; Ra-czu;tw;wtu;fshf miya tpl;lijg;
gw;wpAk; mtu;fs; ghu;f;fTk;> Nfl;fTk; gy tprpj;jpu
nray;fs; Gupe;jJ gw;wpAk; Vupay; nrhd;dhd;. miyr;rypd;
fisg;gpy;> cztpd; Njitf;fhfj; jtpj;Jf; nfhz;L
,Uf;Fk; NghJ Vupay; jpBnud;W Ritkpf;f tpUe;J Vw;ghL
nra;J> gpd; mtu;fs; rhg;gplg; NghFk; Neuj;jpy; mJ
kpfg;ngupa ,wf;iffisf; nfhz;l ,uhl;rrdhf khwp me;j
tpUe;J kiwe;Jtpl;lijg; gw;wpAk; $wpdhd;. mjd; gpd;
mtu;fs; kpFe;j tpag;gpy; ,Ue;jNghJ me;j muf;fd;
mtu;fsplk; NgrpaJ. gpuh];gNuhit murhl;rpapy; ,Ue;J
tpul;babj;jJ gw;wpAk;> mtUk; mtu; koiy kfSk; flypy;
rpukg;gLtjw;fhf tpl;Lr; nrd;wJ> Nghd;w mtu;fspd;
nfhLikia epidT+l;baJ. ,e;jf; fhuzj;jpdhy;jhd;
mtu;fs; Jd;gq;fSf;F cl;gl;ldu;> vd;Wk; nrhd;dJ.
Negps;]; kd;dDk;> ngha;ahd rNfhjud; Mz;ldpNahTk;>
gpuh];gNuhTf;F vjpuhf ,ioj;j mePjpf;F ghtkd;dpg;Gf;
Nfhupdu;. “mt;thnwdpy; mtu;fis ,q;Nf nfhz;L th>
Vupay;.” vd;W gpuh];gNuh nrhd;dhu;. Vupay; tpiuthf
kd;dd; Mz;ldpNah kw;Wk; Kjpatu; nfhd;rhNyh
MfpNahUld; jpUk;gp te;jJ. ,e;j nfhd;rhNyhjhd;
Kd;djhf jd; nfhba rNfhjud; flypy; moptjw;fhf
tpl;Ltpl;l Neuj;jpy; ,uf;fj;Jld; Gj;jfq;fisAk;>
czTg; nghUs;fisAk; itj;jtu;.
gpuh];gNuhit milahsk; fhzKbahj msTf;F
gaKk;> mr;rKk; mtu;fis czu;tpof;fr; nra;jJ.
Kjypy; mtu;(gpuh];gNuh)> rpwe;jtuhd Kjpatu;
nfhd;rhNyhtplk; jk;ikj;jhNk ntspg;gLj;jpf;nfhz;L
jd; tho;f;ifiag; Ngzpf;fhj;jtu; mtu;jhd; vd;W
$wpdhu;. mg;nghOJjhd; mtu; rNfhjuUk;> kd;dUk;
fhag;gl;l gpuh];gNuh ,tu;jhd; vd;gij mwpe;jhu;fs;.
Mz;ldpNah fz;zPu; ky;f Nrhfk; epiwe;j thu;j;ijfSld;
cz;ikahd kdtUj;jj;Jld;; jd; rNfhjudpd; kd;dpg;igf;
Nfhupdhu;. gpuh];gNuh mtu;fis kd;dpj;jhu;. jk;Kila
murhl;rpia kPl;Lj; jUtjhf mtu;fs; $wpdhu;fs;. mg;nghOJ
gpuh];gNuh Negps;]; kd;did Nehf;fpf; $wpdhu;>
“cq;fSf;fhfTk; ehd; Xu; md;gspg;G itj;jpUf;fpNwd;.” vd;W
fjitj; jpwe;j mtu;> kfd; /ngu;bdhd;L kpuhz;lhTld;
rJuq;fk; tpisahbf; nfhz;L ,Ug;gijf; fhl;bdhu;.
www.waytosuccess.org
 200
Nothing could exceed the joy of the father and
the son at this unexpected meeting, for they
each thought the other drowned in the storm.
The King of Naples was almost as much
astonished at the beauty and excellent graces of
the young Miranda, as his son had been.
“Who is this maid?” said he; “She is the
daughter to this Prospero, who is the famous
Duke of Milan, of whose renown I have heard
so much, but never saw him till now: of him I
have received a new life: he has made himself
to me a second father, giving me this dear lady,”
said Ferdinand
“No more of that,” said Prospero: “let us not
remember our troubles past, since they so
happily have ended.” And then Prospero
embraced his brother, and again assured him of
his forgiveness.
Prospero now told them that their ship was safe
in the harbour, and the sailors all on board her,
and that he and his daughter would accompany
them home the next morning. Before Prospero
left the island, he dismissed Ariel from his
service, to the great joy of that lively little spirit.
About the author
William Shakespeare (1564–1616) was born
in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. He was an
English poet, playwright and actor. Widely
regarded as both the greatest writer in the
English language and the world's pre-eminent
dramatist. His surviving body of work includes
37 plays, 154 sonnets and two narrative poems,
the majority of which he penned between1589
and 1613.
Do You know?
 The play 'The Tempest' was written between
1610 and 1611.
 Many critics and historians believe it to be one
of the last plays of William Shakespeare.
 It is considered to be one of Shakespeare's
well-written plays.
 It is believed that the play 'The Tempest'
was based on an actual wreck of a ship
called Sea Venture off Bermuda that was
headed to Virginia. There is a strong
evidence that Shakespeare used elements of
the story of the wreck.
wtsteam100@gmail.com
Way to Success
xU je;ijAk; kfDk; xUtu; kw;nwhUtiu Gaypy;
%o;fpapUg;ghu; vd;W epidj;J ,Ue;j epiyapy; ,e;j
vjpu;ghuhj re;jpg;gpd; %yk; mtu;fs; mile;j
kfpo;r;rpf;F <lhdJ NtW vJTk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. ,sk;
kpuhz;lhtpd; mofpdhYk; mghukhd espdj;jpdhYk;
jd; kfd; nfhz;l tpag;igg; NghyNt Negps;];
kd;dUk; kpfTk; Mr;rupag;gl;lhu;.
“,e;j ,sk;ngz; ahu;?” vd;W Nfl;lhu;. “kpyhdpd;
Gfo;ngw;w rpw;wuruhd ,e;j gpuh];gNuhtpd; kfs;jhd;
,ts;.” ehd; mtUila fPu;j;jpiag; gw;wp epiwa
Nfl;bUf;fpNwd;. ,Jtiuapy; ehd; ghu;j;jjpy;iy.
mtuhy; ehd; Gjpa tho;f;if ngw;Ws;Nsd;. ,e;j
md;Gkpf;f ngz;iz vdf;Ff; nfhLj;J mtu;
jd;idj;jhNd vd;Dila ,uz;lhk; je;ij
Mf;fpf;nfhz;lhu;” vd;W /ngu;bdhd;L nrhd;dhu;.
“,jw;F Nky; mij gw;wp Ngr Ntz;lhk;. ,d;gkakhd
KbT vl;lg;gl;ljhy; ehk; fle;j fhyj;Jd;gq;fis
epidf;fhky; ,Ug;Nghkhf”> vd;W gpuh];gNuh $wpdhu;.
gpwF gpuh];gNuh jd; rNfhjuidf; fl;bf; jOtpdhu;
kPz;Lk; jd; kd;dpg;ig cWjpg;gLj;jpdhu;.
mtu;fspd; fg;gy; JiwKfj;jpy; ghJfhg;ghf
,Ug;gjhf gpuh];gNuh mtu;fsplk; mg;NghJ $wpdhu;.
fg;gNyhl;bfs; midtUk; fg;gypy; Vwpf;
nfhz;ljhfTk; nrhd;dhu;. kWehs; fhiy jhDk; jd;
kfSk; mtu;fSld; tPl;bw;F tUtjhfTk; nrhd;dhu;.
gpuh];gNuh jPit tpl;Lr; nry;Yk; Kd; Vupaiyg;
gzpapypUe;J tpLtpj;jhh;. me;jr; nray;kpFe;j rpwpa
Mtp kpf;f kfpo;r;rpaile;jJ.
Mrpupau; Fwpg;G
tpy;ypak; N\f;];gpau; (1564–1616) ,q;fpyhe;jpYs;s>
];l;uhl;/Nghu;L-mghd;-mthd; vd;w ,lj;jpy; gpwe;jhu;.
mtu; Xu; Mq;fpyf; ftpQu;> ehlf Mrpupau; kw;Wk; ebfu;
Mthu;. Mq;fpy nkhopapd; jiyrpwe;j vOj;jhsu;
kw;Wk; cyfpd; xg;Gah;tw;w ehlf Mrphpah; vd;w ,U
tifapYk; gutyhf mwpag;gl;ltu;. mtUila
gilg;Gf;fspy; jw;NghJ fpilf;ff; $batw;wpy; 37
ehlfq;fs;> 154 nra;As;fs; (]hndl;];)> 2 tu;zidf;
ftpijfs; mlq;Fk;. ,tw;wpy; ngUk;ghyhdit 1589
kw;Wk; 1613f;F ,ilapy; vOjg;gl;lit.
cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh?
 ‘jp nlk;ng];l’; vd;w ehlfk; 1610 kw;Wk; 1611 f;F
,ilapy; vOjg;gl;lJ.
 ,JNt tpy;ypak; N\f;];gpaupd; ,Wjp ehlfq;fspy;
xd;W vd gy jpwdha;thsu;fSk;> tuyhw;W
mwpQu;fSk; ek;Gfpwhu;fs;.
 ,J N\f;];gpau; vOjpa rpwe;j ehlfq;fspy; xd;W
vdf; fUjg;gLfpwJ.
 ‘jp nlk;g];l;’ vd;w ,e;j ehlfk;> tpu;[pdpahit
Nehf;fpr; nrd;w ‘]P ntQ;ru’; vd;w fg;gy;
ngu;KlhTf;F mg;ghy; rpijTw;W %o;fpg; Nghd
cz;ikahd epfo;tpd; mbg;gilapy; vOjg;gl;lJ
vd;W ek;gg;gLfpwJ. fg;gy; %o;fpg;Nghd fijapd;
gy mk;rq;fis N\f;];gpau; gad;gLj;jpAs;shu;
vd;gjw;F cWjpahd Mjhuk; cs;sJ.
www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Supplementary 201

An island in the sea Ferdinand piles up heavy wood Ferdinand with Miranda

TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS

A. Choose the correct answer. (TB Page No.26)

1. c) Ariel 2. b) Prospero 3. c) twelve 4. b) Ferdinand 5. c) Gonzalo 6. c) Ferdinand

B. Identify the character or speaker. (TB Page No.26)

1. Sycorax 2. Ariel 3. Prospero 4. Miranda 5.Miranda
6. Ariel 7. Prospero 8. Ferdinand 9. Antonio

C. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.

1. Who were the inhabitants of the island?
Prospero and his daughter Miranda were the inhabitants of the Island.
2. What powers did Prospero possess?
Prospero possessed some magic power. Using it, he could release many spirits from a
witch called Sycorax.
3. Who was Caliban? What was he employed for?
Caliban was an ugly monster and the son of Sycorax. He was employed for doing the
most laborious tasks.
4. Who were on the ship? How were they related to Prospero?
Prospero’s brother Antonio, the King of Naples, his son Ferdinand and the old Lord Gonzalo
were on the ship. Except Gonzalo, they were all Prospero’s enemies.
5. Why had Prospero raised a violent storm in the sea?
He raised a violent storm in the sea to wreck the ship of his enemies.
6. How did Miranda feel when her father raised the storm to destroy the ship?
Miranda felt sorry, when her father raised the storm to destroy the ship.
7. What was Ariel ordered to do with the people on the ship?
Ariel was ordered to scatter the people on the ship and make them stay apart in a confused state.
8. Give two reasons why Miranda was so concerned about Ferdinand.
Miranda had not seen any human being other than her father. She was attracted by the
appearance of Ferdinand. These are the reasons why Miranda was so concerned about Ferdinand.
9. Why did Prospero set Ferdinand a severe task to perform?
Prospero set Ferdinand a severe task to perform in order to test his love for Miranda and his honesty.
10. How was Gonzalo helpful to Prospero when he left Milan?
When Prospero was exiled by Antonio, Gonzalo secretly provided Prospero with books and
provisions on the boat in order to enable him to survive with his daughter.

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 202 Way to Success

PARAGRAPH QUESTIONS
D. Answer the questions in a paragraph of about 100 – 150 words.
1. Write a detailed character sketch of Prospero.
Prospero was the famous Duke of Milan. He was fond of reading magic books. Prospero was
exiled by his brother Antonio. Prospero and his daughter landed on an island. Prospero possessed
some magic power. He had released many good spirits imprisoned by a witch called Sycorax. He
brought up his daughter as a kind-hearted lady who didn’t know about his magic power. He raised a
violent storm in the sea to wreck his enemies’ ship. He did not want to revenge them, but to make
them realise their mistakes. To get back his Dukedom, he wanted Miranda to get married to Ferdinand.
He felt that it was his duty as a father. He forgave all of his enemies. At last, he released his faithful
spirit Ariel. Thus, Prospero was portrayed as a noble man by Shakespeare.
Moral: Forgiveness is the virtue of the brave.
2. Narrate how Prospero made his enemies repent to restore his dukedom.
Prospero was exiled by his brother Antonio. After twelve years, Prospero came to know that his
brother Antonio, Alonso-the king of Naples, his son Ferdinand and the old Lord Gonzalo were
travelling by ship. He raised a violent storm in the sea to wreck his enemies’ ship. Ariel was
ordered to scatter the people on the ship to put them in a confused state. Ariel made Antonio and the
King of Naples suffer a lot. They felt sorry for what they had done to Prospero. Antonio with tears of
sorrow and true repentance, begged his brother’s forgiveness. Prospero forgave them all. Thus,
Prospero made his enemies repent and he got back his dukedom.
Moral: We win by tenderness, We conquer by forgiveness

EXAM RELATED QUESTION & ANSWER

REARRANGE THE SENTENCES (5 Mark Question)

E. Rearrange the following sentences in coherent order.
 He ordered Ariel to torment the inmates of the ship.
 Miranda was attracted by Ferdinand and had more concern towards him.
 Prospero and Miranda came to an island and lived in a cave.
 Prospero forgave them and restored his dukedom, Milan.
 He raised a violent storm in the sea to wreck the ship of his enemies.
 Prospero wanted to test Ferdinand and gave a severe task to perform.
 Using his powers, Prospero released the good spirits from large bodies of trees.
 The King of Naples, and Antonio the false brother, repented the injustice they had done to Prospero.
 Ariel was instructed to bring Ferdinand, the prince of Naples to his cave.
 Ferdinand was the second human whom Miranda had seen after her father.
Answer  Prospero and Miranda came to an island and lived in a cave.
 Using his powers, Prospero released the good spirits from large bodies of trees.
 He raised a violent storm in the sea to wreck the ship of his enemies.
 He ordered Ariel to torment the inmates of the ship.
 Ariel was instructed to bring Ferdinand, the prince of Naples to his cave.
 Ferdinand was the second human whom Miranda had seen after her father.
 Miranda was attracted by Ferdinand and had more concern towards him.
 Prospero wanted to test Ferdinand and gave a severe task to perform.
 The King of Naples, and Antonio the false brother, repented the injustice they had done to Prospero.
 Prospero forgave them and restored his dukedom, Milan.
wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 10th English - Supplementary 203
Exercise : 1 (MDL-19) Answer
i) Using his powers, Prospero released the good spirits from large bodies of trees. i) Prospero and Miranda ….
ii) Prospero and Miranda came to an island and lived in a cave. ii) Using his powers, …
iii) He raised a violent storm in the sea to wreck the ship of his enemies.
iii) He raised a violent ….
iv) The King of Naples and Antonio the false brother, repented the injustice
they had done to Prospero. iv) He ordered Ariel to …..
v) He ordered Ariel to torment the inmates of the ship. v) The King of Naples…….
Exercise : 2 (PTA -3) Answer
i) Of these, Ariel was the chief. i) Prospero, the Duke ….
ii) They live in a cave made out of rocks. ii) They live in a cave ….
iii) Gonzalo, the lord of his court privately places water, provisions, apparels and books. iii) By virtue of his …..
iv) Prospero, the Duke of Milan reaches the island with his daughter Miranda. iv) Of these, Ariel ….
v) By virtue of his magic he releases many good spirits from the witch Sycorax. v) Gonzalo, the lord …..
Exercise : 3 (PTA - 4) Answer
i) Miranda was attracted by Ferdinand and had more concern towards him. i) Ferdinand was ….
ii) Prospero forgave them and restored his dukedom, Milan. ii) Miranda was attracted...
iii) Prospero wanted to test Ferdinand and gave a severe task to perform.
iv) The king of Naples, and Antonio the false brother, repented the injustice iii) Prospero wanted to …..
they had done to Prospero. iv) The king of Naples, …..
v) Ferdinand was the second human whom Miranda had seen after her father. v) Prospero forgave …….
COMPREHENSION (5 Mark Question)
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.
1. There was an island in the sea, the only inhabitants of which were an old man, named Prospero, and his daughter
Miranda, a very beautiful young lady. She came to this island so young, that she had no memory of having seen any
other human face than her father’s. They lived in a cave made out of a rock; it was divided into several apartments,
one of which Prospero called his study; there he kept his books, which chiefly treated of magic. By virtue of his art,
he had released many good spirits from a witch called Sycorax who had them imprisoned in the bodies of large
trees. These gentle spirits were ever after obedient to the will of Prospero. (HY-19)
Questions Answers
i) Who were the only inhabitants of the island? i) An old man, named Prospero, and his daughter Miranda
ii) Where did they live? were the only inhabitants of the island.
iii) What is the name of the witch? ii) They lived in an island.
iv) How had Prospero helped the gentle spirits? iii) Sycorax is the name of the witch.
v) What had the witch done to the spirits? iv) Prospero had released many good spirits.
v) The witch had imprisoned the spirits in the bodies of large trees.
2. “ O father,” said Miranda, in a strange surprise, “surely that is a spirit. Lord! How it looks about! Believe me,
it is a beautiful creature. Is it not a spirit?” “No, girl,” answered her father; “it eats, and sleeps, and has senses
such as we have. This young man you see was in the ship. He is somewhat altered by grief, or you might call
him a handsome person. He has lost his companions, and is wandering about to find them.”
Miranda, who thought all men had grave faces and grey beards like her father, was delighted with the
appearance of this beautiful young prince; and Ferdinand, seeing such a lovely lady in this desert place, and
from the strange sounds he had heard, expecting nothing but wonders, thought he was upon an enchanted
island, and that Miranda was the goddess of the place, and as such he began to address her.
Questions Answers
1. How did Miranda express about Ferdinand 1. Miranda expressed her father about Ferdinand as a
surprisingly? beautiful spirit.
2. What did Prospero answer his daughter? 2. Prospero answered his daughter that Ferdinand was a
3. What was the plight of Ferdinand? handsome person in the ship. He had senses as they had.
4. What was Ferdinand’s thought on seeing Miranda? 3. Ferdinand had lost his companions and was wandering
5. State whether True or False : about to find them.
“Miranda thought that her father alone had 4. Ferdinand wondered by seeing the lovely lady Miranda and
grave face and grey beard.” addressed her as the goddess of that place.
5. True.

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 204 Way to Success
GENERAL PARAGRAPH (8 Mark Question)
Theme : Forgiveness is the best revenge
Characters : Prospero, Miranda, Ariel, Antonio, Sycorax, Ferdinand, Gonzalo
Prospero was the famous Duke of Milan. He was fond of reading magic books. He was exiled by his
brother Antonio. Prospero and his daughter Miranda landed on an island. Prospero had some magical
powers, which his daughter did not know. She was a kindhearted woman. After twelve years,
Prospero wanted to repent his brother Antonio and Alonso-the king of Naples for their wrong deeds.
By using his magical power, Prospero raised a violent storm in the sea to wreck his enemies’ ship.
Ariel, the spirit was ordered to scatter the people on the ship. He did not want to revenge them, but
to make them realise their mistakes. Finally, Antonio with tears of sorrow and true repentance
begged his brother’s forgiveness. Prospero forgave them all. As a dutiful father, Prospero arranged
the marriage of Miranda and Ferdinand as they loved each other. At last, he released his faithful
spirit, Ariel. It is clear that Prospero is a noble person.
Moral : We conquer all by forgiveness

A DETAILED SUMMARY OF THE STORY (8 Mark Question)

Theme: Forgiveness is the best form of revenge.
Introduction
The Tempest was written by an English playwright, William Shakespeare. In this story, he
pictured how Prospero, the hero regains his dukedom with the help of his supernatural power. Let
us see in detail.
Prospero’s exile
Prospero was the famous Duke of Milan. Miranda was his daughter. He was fond of reading
magic books. His brother Antonio usurped the Dukedom from him and set out Prospero and his
daughter Miranda at the sea. They landed on an island.
Prospero’s Plan
After Twelve years, Prospero wanted to make his brother Antonio, Alonso-the king of Naples
repent for their wrong deeds. He came to know that they were sailing by ship. He wanted to wreck
his enemies’ ship by raising a violent storm in the sea.
Ariel, the Spirit’s help
Ariel was Prospero’s faithful spirit. Prospero raised the tempest with the help of Ariel. He
ordered Ariel to scatter the people on the ship and make them stay apart in a confused state. Through
his magical powers, Ariel made Antonio and the King of Naples feel sorry for what they had done
to Prospero.
Prospero’s forgiveness
Antonio with tears of sorrow begged his brother Prospero’s forgiveness. Prospero did not
want to take revenge on his enemies but to make them realize their mistakes. He forgave all of them.
As a dutiful father, he arranged the marriage of Miranda and Ferdinand as they loved each other.
Conclusion
Thus, Prospero regained his Dukedom of Milan. At last, he released his faithful spirit Ariel
free. It is clear that Prospero is a noble person.
Moral: We can conquer all by forgiveness

wtsteam100@gmail.com www.waytosuccess.org
 PART – I
(1 Mark Questions: 14 Marks)

(1 to 3) Synonyms 3x1=3
(4 to 6) Antonyms 3x1=3
(7 to 14) Other Exercises 8x1=8
7. Singular & Plural
8. Prefix & Suffix / Derivatives
9. Abbreviations & Acronyms
10.a. Phrasal Verbs
10.b. Idioms
11. Compound words
12. Preposition
13. Tense
14. Linkers / Connectors

……….Fwpg;Gfs;………
 kPj;jpwd; khzth;fs; ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fSf;F rhpahd tpilaspf;f mjpf gapw;rpfis
nra;J ghh;f;fTk;.
 nky;y fw;Fk; khzth;fs; vspjhf ,Uf;Fk; Antonyms, Singular & Plural,
Prefix & Suffix, Abbreviations Nghd;w tpdhf;fis ed;F gapw;rp nra;J nfhs;sTk;.
 PART – II
(2 Mark Questions: 20 Marks)

Section: I (15 to 18) Prose Questions (3 out of 4) 3x2=6

Section: II (19 to 22) Poem Comprehension (3 out of 4) 3x2=6
Section: III (23 to 27) Grammar Exercises (3 out of 5) 3x2=6
i. Active Voice & Passive Voice
ii. Direct – Indirect Speech
iii. Simple, Compound, Complex
iv. Relative Pronoun
v. Punctuation
vi. Rearrange the jumbled words

Section: IV 28. Road Map (*Compulsory Question*) 1x2=2

……….Fwpg;Gfs;………
• kPj ;jpwd; khzth;fs; Choice tpdhf;fspy; Fog;g%l;Lk; tpdhf;fSf;F
tpilaspg;gij jtph;f;fTk;.
• nky;y fw;Fk; khzth;fs; Poem comprehension, Punctuation, Road map
tpdhf;fis ed;F gapw;rp nra;J nfhs;sTk;. (Voice tpdhtpy; Please vdj; njhlq;Fk;
thf;fpak; Nfl;bUe;jhy; Please-I vLj;Jtpl;L You are requested to… vd vOjp
tpdhtpy; cs;sij mg;gbNa vOjp vspjpy; tpilaspj;J tplyhk;.)
.
 PART – III
(5 Mark Questions: 50 Marks)

SECTION – I (PROSE) (any 2 out of 4) 2 x 5 = 10

29-32 – Prose Paragraphs
SECTION – II (POEM) (any 2 out of 4) 2 x 5 = 10
33, 34 – Poem Paragraphs
35 – Poem Literary Appreciation
36 – Poem Paraphrase
SECTION – III (SUPPLEMENTARY) (any 1 out of 2) 1x5=5
37. SLR - Coherent Order
38. SLR - Answer Questions based on the given Supplementary Passage
SECTION – IV (SKILL BASED QUESTIONS) (any 4 out of 7) 4 x 5 = 20
39. Advertisement
40. Letter Writing
41. a) Notice Writing b) Report Writing c) Draft a Speech
42. Picture Comprehension
43. Notes or Summary Writing
44. Spot and Correct the Errors
SECTION – V (MEMORY POEM) (*Compulsory*) 1x5=5
45. Memory Poem

……….Fwpg;Gfs;………
• kPj;jpwd; khzth;fs; Fiwe;jgl;rk; Ie;J ghlq;fSf;fhd Prose & Poem Paragraphs,
ghlj;jpd; gpd;gFjpapy; jug;gl;Ls;s midj;J letter writings, spot and correct the errors
Nghd;w gFjpfis Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;J ed;F gapw;rp nra;J nfhz;lhy; Njh;tpy; mjpf
kjpg;ngz;fis ngwyhk;.
• Advertisement-f;Fg; gjpyhf Poster Nfl;f tha;g;Gs;sJ. Writing tpdhtpy; vd;d Nfl;bUf;fpwhh;fs;
vd;gjid ed;F ftdpj;J tpilaspf;fTk;. Notes & Summary tpdhtpy; ,uz;by; xd;W Nfl;Ls;shh;fsh
my;yJ VNjDk; xd;W kl;Lk; Nfl;bUf;fpwhh;fsh vd;gij ftdpj;J tpilaspf;fTk;.
• nky;y fw;Fk; khzth;fs; Passage based questions, Advertisement, Picture comprehension,
Notes or summary Nghd;w gFjpfis ed;F gapw;rp nra;J nfhz;lhy; mjpf kjpg;ngz;fis
ngwyhk;. Nju;tpy; ,g;gFjp tpdhf;fSf;F Kjypy; tpilaspj;:J tpl;L gpwF kw;w gFjp
tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspAq;fs;.
 PART – IV
46 – Supplementary Paragraph using hints 1x8=8
47 – General Comprehension – Prose / Poem 4x2=8

……….Fwpg;Gfs;………
• kPj;jpwd; khzth;fs; Supplementary Paragraph tpdhtpw;F tpdhj;jhspy; nfhLj;Js;s
Fwpg;Gfspd; mbg;gilapy; nrhe;j thf;fpaq;fspy; tpil vOj Kaw;rpf;fTk;.
• General comprehension gFjpapy; tUk; tpdhf;fis ed;F nghUs; Ghpe;J gpwF
tpilaspf;f Kaw;rpf;fTk;.
• nky;y fw;Fk; khzth;fs; Supplementary Paragraph tpdhtpw;F tpdhj;jhspy;
nfhLj;Js;s Fwpg;Gfisg; gad;gLj;jp tpil vOjpdhy; Fiwe;jgl;r kjpg;ngz;fs;
ngw tha;g;Gs;sJ. NkYk; gf;f vz; (Pg.No.: 260, 261)-y; cs;s Late bloomer’s
paragraph–fspy; Fiwe;jJ ehd;fhtJ gbj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;.
• General comprehension gFjpapy; Nfl; L s; s tpdhf; f spy; cs; s Kf; fpa
thh;j ;ijfs; nfhLf; fg;g l;l gj;jpapy; ve;j ,lj; jpy; tUfpwNjh mq;Fs; s
thf;f paq; fis tpilahf vLj;J vOjTk; .
 Additional Topics
(VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR)

khztf;fz;kzpfNs……..
,e;jg; gFjpapy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s jiyg;Gf;fs; xU Ntis nghJj;Nju;tpy; khw;W
tpdhf;fshff; Nfl;fg;gl tha;g;G cs;sJ. ,itfs; tpdhj;jhspy; ve;jg; gFjpapy; vj;jid
kjpg;ngz;fSf;F ve;j tpjj;jpy; Nfl;fg;gLk; vd;gij ek;khy; fzpf;f ,ayhJ. ,ad;wtiu
Gj;jfj;jpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s midj;J $Ljy; Vocabulary, Grammar kw;Wk; LSRW skills
gapw;rpfis tpdhj;jhs; mikg;G tbtpy; je;Js;Nshk;. ,itfspd; ikaf;fUj;ij concept-I
ed;F Gupe;J nfhz;L ve;j type-y; tpdh Nfl;lhYk; tpilaspf;f Kaw;rp nra;Aq;fs;.

1. Modals / Semi - Modals

2. Articles
3. Pronouns
4. Subject – Verb Agreement (Concord)
Vocabulary &
5. Homophones / Confusables
Grammar 6. Non-finites
7. Phrases & Clauses
8. Prepositional Phrases
9. Parts of Speech & Nominalisation
1. Slogan Writing
2. E-mail Writing
Writing Skill Questions 3. Message Writing
4. Article Writing
5. Pamphlet / Poster Making