10034 RegNo____ Name, ‘APS ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY FIRSTISECOND SEMESTER B.TECH DEGREE SPECIAL EXAMINATION, AUGUST 2016 BE 100- ENGINEERING MECHANICS Time :3 Hours www.ktustudents.in —— saximum Marks: 100 Part Answer all the questions. Fach question carries § Marks (8 X $= 40 Marks) 1. (@, State the principle of Transmissbility of forces. (0). Explain the concept of free body diagrams. 2. Find the support reactions in the beam shown in figure 1 Fig ‘What is Polar Moment of Inertia? How docs it differ from Product of Inertia? Define virtua work and ste principle of vrwal war) #e/e Zen 178 ae ahi stamtaneous centro zo veloc, How canreate i? 6 oe Calculate the velocity at a point 2rd radius from Sich point of a rail car wheel of ‘radius 250 mm, ifthe ear moves without slipping on straight rails at 15 m/s. . Differentiate between free vibration and forced vibration of bodies 8. Explain he concept of single degree of freedom systems, www.ktustudents.ini Part-B Answer boo questions from each set SET 1 Answer any 2 questions. Each question carries 10 Marks (2 X 10 = 20 Marks) 9. Forces of ISN, 20N, 25N, 35N and 45N act at an angular point ofa regular hexagon towards the other angular points as shown in figure 2. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant force. Benga rem arith ert Fig2 10. A rigid bar AB is acted upon by forces as shown in figure 3. Reduce the force system to a single force (ii) force moment system at A (ii) force moment system at D 6kN Bk 8kN 12kN. Fea 11. Detemine the ection at suports A and ofthe beam as shown inthe igre 4. eg Aeayomet 07 2218 En at tal 200 7 Im Dam Fig www.ktustudents.inSET2 nove eny2 questions. Bech question caves 10 Mark (2X 1020 Marky 12.2. section is shown in the below figure 5. Detinine the cents ofthe given sectng after selecting proper references ais. 8) X coordinate ¥) ¥ coordinate Kt 25ch iz 4 Fasc 28m is L a Figs 13. uniform ladder of length 25m and weight W is leaning against a wal. It makes 45° With the horizontal. A man whose weight is 0.6 times that of the ladder goes up the ladder. Determine the maximum distance he can climb before the ladder slips. Assume ocfficient of friction between the ladder and the wall to be 0.25 and that between the floor andthe wal to be 03. 14. A simply supported beam of length 4m has a concentrated load of SKN at 1m from the {eft support. It also has @ uniformly distributed load of 2kN/m over its right half. Find the ‘Support reactions using the principle of virtual work. SET3. Answer any 2 questions. Each question carries 10 Marks (2 X 10 = 20 Marks) 1S. reciprocating engine mechanism is shown inthe figure 6. The crank OA has a constant ‘angular velocity of 300 rpm. The crank OA is of length 12.em and the connecting rod AB www.ktustudents.inic is of length 60 em. Find 1) the angular velocity of the connecting rod. 2) The velocity of the piston when the crank makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal. Fig6 16. An clevator of mass 500 kg is ascending with an acceleration of 3mvs". During this ascent its operator whose mass is 70 kg is standing on the scales placed on the floor. What is the scale reading? What wll be the total tension in the cables of the elevator during his motion? 17-A body is moving with simple harmonic motion and has velocities of 8m/s and mis at a distance of 1.5m and 2.5m respectively from the centre. Find the amplitude and time period of the body. www.ktustudents.inBLE. 100E M. Aug 2016, La) State the principle of transmissibility of forces ‘The principle of transmissibility states that the point of application of a force can be moved anywhere along its line of action without changing the ‘external reaction forces on a rigid body e — » ») Explain the conceptof free body diagram A free-body diagram is a skelch of an object of interest with all the surrouncing objects stripped away and all ofthe forces acting on the body shown. The drawing of a free-body diagram is an important step in the solving of mechanics > problems since it helps to visualize all the forces acting on a single object. Free Body Diagram F ale f= Weight =m | f= Normal force ‘supporting the3. Whatis polar moment of inertia? How does it differ from product of inertia? Polar moment of inertia is a quantity used to predict an object's abiliy to resist torsion, in objects (or segments of objects) with an invariant circular cross section {and no significant warping or out-of-plane deformation. Its used to calculate the angular displacement of an object subjected to a torque y y A x Products of inertia of a body are measures of symmetry . fa particular plane is a plane of symmetry, then the products of inertia associated with any axis perpendicular to that plane are zero ®4, Define virtual work and state principal of virtual work: The virtual work is the work done by the virtual displacements, which can be arbitrary, provided they are consistent with the constraints of the system. See Constraint. The principle of virtual work is equivalent to the conditions for static ‘equilibrium ofa rigid body expressed in terms ofthe total forces and torques ‘The principle of virtual work states that in equilibrium the virtual work of the forces applied to a system is zero. New/on's laws state that at equilibrium the applied forces are equal and opposite to the reaction, or constraint forces. ‘This means the virtual work of the constraint forces must he zero as well ‘5. Explain instantaneous centre of zero velocity. How you can locate it INSTANTANEOUS CENTER OF ZERO VELOCITY For any body undergoing planar mation, there ays est point nthe plane of motion at which the velocity is instantanenushy ro Gt were gil ‘connected tothe bod). Ths point i called the instantaneous center of ero velocity FI. I may Or ‘may not le onthe bod! the location af this point canbe determined, the velocity analysis cn be “implied because the body appears to rotate about this point at that instant LOCATION OF THE INSTANTANEOUS CENTER To locate the I we can use the fact thatthe vlocty of | pont on a body ie always perpendiclat tothe restive postion vector from the IC tothe pot. “Several poesiities ret Fret, conier He rave when wrinety nfs point onthe body and the anguiar velocity ofthe body ae known. In this case, the ICis located along the ine drawn perpendicular tovAatA, adistance FAC =v A/ uw rom A. Note that the ICs up and to the ight DA since vA must cause a lorkwse anguiar veloc abot the IC 7. differentiate between fe wirstion and forced vibration of bodies For a vibration to take place there is @ need of application of an external force on clastic bodies such as a spring or a beam or a shaft and then after releasing the {orce, the body executes a vibratory motion. in @ broader sense vibration is of to ‘types: z 1) Free or natural vibration: In free vibration the body at first is given an initial displacement and the force is withdrawn. The body starts vibrating and continues the motion of its own accord. No external force acts on the body further to keep it in mation. The frequency of {fee vibration is knowm as free or natural frequency. ‘The free vibration of ofan elastic body can further be of three types: ‘2)Longitudinal vibration: when the particles of the body move parallel to the axis (of the body, the vibration is known as longitudinal vibration. b)Transverse vibration: hen the particles of the body move nearly perpendicular to the axis of the body, the vibration is known as transverse vibration. c)Torsionai vibration: When the particles of the body move in a circle about the axis of the body, the vibration is known as torsional vibration. a2) Forced Vibration- In forced vibration, the object is under the influence of an ‘utside force. ‘When a periodic disturbing force keeps the body in vibration throughout its entire period of motion, such vibration is said to be a forced vibration. The frequency of vibration of the body is same as the frequency of the applied force. ‘This can be understood more clearly by the following example:- ‘When a pendulum vibrates itis free vibration because it does not depend on any outside force to vibrate whereas when a dling machine vibrates, it depends on @ {force from outside. Therefore, itis an example of forced vibration. 8. 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