Embryology Assignment – 3

Submitted By-Tejal
Student Id-24520202205310

ANS1. Ectodermal derivatives:

1. Everything that makes you attractive: Skin, hair, nail, breasts, teeth enamel etc.

2. Nervous system: CNS, PNS, Sensory parts of eye, ear and nose

3. Epithelial linings that can be touched with your finger: Oral cavity, lower anal
canal, external ear canal, terminal part of male urethra

4. Exocrine glands: Sweat, sebaceous, mammary, parotid, lacrimal, etc.

5. Heart: Aorticopulmonary septum and Endocardial cushion

Endodermal derivatives:
1. Lining of tube from nose, mouth and ear to anus and urethra and vagina except
those that can be touched with your fingers.

2.  Internal organs:

 Gastrointestinal tract: except spleen

 Renal and genitourinary system
Mesodermal derivatives:
1. All stuffs between skin and internal organs

2. Genitourinary and renal organs

3. Spleen

4. Adrenal cortex

5. Duramater

ANS2. Gastrulation is the process during embryonic development that

changes the embryo from a blastula with a single layer of cells to a
gastrula containing multiple layers of cells. Gastrulation typically involves
the blastula folding in upon itself or dividing, which creates two layers of
cells. Organisms that do not form a third layer are known
as diploblastic organisms.

ANS3. The umbilical cord is a tube that connects you to your baby

during pregnancy. It has three blood vessels: one vein that carries food
and oxygen from the placenta to your baby and two arteries that carry
waste from your baby back to the placenta. The umbilical cord, which
connects your baby to the placenta, contains three vessels: two arteries,
which carry blood from the baby to the placenta, and one vein, which
carries blood back to the baby. The blood in the arteries contains waste
products, such as carbon dioxide, from the baby's metabolism. Oxygen
and nutrients from the mother's blood are transferred across the
placenta to the fetus through the umbilical cord. This enriched blood
flows through the umbilical vein toward the baby's liver. There it moves
through a shunt called the ductus venosus. This allows some of the
blood to go to the liver. The umbilical cord is a connection between the
mother and the developing fetus. The umbilical cord has
three functions for the developing fetus: it supplies oxygen, it delivers
nutrients, and it helps to withdraw blood rich in carbon dioxide and
depleted in nutrients.