1 Sets & Relation

BEGINNER’S EXERCISE
1. The set of intelligent students in a (c) [ x : 1 d x d 2] (d)None of these
class is 11. If the sets A and B are defined as
(a) A null set (b)A singleton set A {( x , y ) : y e x , x  R} ; B {( x , y ) : y x , x  R},
(c) A finite set then
(d) Not a well defined collection (a) B Ž A (b) A Ž B
2. Which of the following is the empty (c) A ˆ B I (d) A ‰ B A
set
12. If X {4  3n  1 : n  N }
n
and
(a) { x : x is a real number and x 2  1 0}
Y {9(n  1) : n  N }, then X ‰ Y is equal
(b) {x : x is a real number and x 2  1 0} to
(c) {x : x is a real number and x 2  9 0} (a) X (b)Y
(d) {x : x is a real number and x 2 x  2} (c) N (d)None of these
3. The set A { x : x  R, x 2
16 and 2 x 6} 13. Let n(U ) 700 , n( A) 200 , n(B) 300 and
equals n( A ˆ B ) 100 , then n( A ˆ B ) c c

(a) I (b){14, 3, 4} (a) 400 (b)600

(c) {3} (d){4} (c) 300 (d)200
4. If a set A has n elements, then the 14. In a town of 10,000 families it was
total number of subsets of A is[Roorkee 1991; Karnataka found that 40% 2000]
CET 1992, family buy
2 newspaper A, 20% buy newspaper B
(a) n (b) n
n
and 10% families buy newspaper C,
(c) 2 (d) 2n 5% families buy A and B, 3% buy B
5. The number of proper subsets of the and C and 4% buy A and C. If 2%
set {1, 2, 3} is families buy all the three
(a) 8 (b)7 newspapers, then number of families
(c) 6 (d)5 which buy A only is
6. Given the sets A {1, 2, 3}, B {3,4 } , C = (a) 3100 (b)3300
{4, 5, 6}, then A ‰ (B ˆ C) is (c) 2900 (d)1400
(a) {3} (b){1, 2, 3, 4} 15. In a city 20 percent of the population
travels by car, 50 percent travels by
(c) {1, 2, 4, 5} (d){1,2,3,4,5,6}
bus and 10 percent travels by both
7. If A and B are any two sets, then car and bus. Then persons travelling
A ‰ ( A ˆ B ) is equal to by car or bus is
(a) A (b)B (a) 80 percent (b)40 percent
c c
(c) A (d) B (c) 60 percent (d)70 percent
8. If A and B are two given sets, then 16. In a class of 55 students, the
A ˆ ( A ˆ B)c is equal to number of students studying
(a) A (b)B different subjects are 23 in
Mathematics, 24 in Physics, 19 in
(c) I (d) A ˆ B c
Chemistry, 12 in Mathematics and
9. If the sets A and B are defined as Physics, 9 in Mathematics and
A {( x , y ) : y
1
, 0 z x  R}
Chemistry, 7 in Physics and
x Chemistry and 4 in all the three
B {( x , y ) : y  x , x  R} , then subjects. The number of students
who have taken exactly one subject
(a) A ˆ B A (b) A ˆ B B
is
(c) A ˆ B I (d)None of these
(a) 6 (b)9
10. Let A [ x : x  R,| x |  1]; (c) 7 (d)All of these
B [ x : x  R ,| x  1 | t 1] and A ‰ B R  D, 17. If A, B and C are any three sets, then
then the set D is A × (B ‰ C) is equal to
(a) [ x : 1  x d 2] (b) [ x : 1 d x  2] (a) (A × B) ‰ (A × C)
2 Sets & Relation

(b) (A ‰ B) × (A ‰ C) 28. Let S {0, 1, 5, 4 , 7} . Then the total

(c) (A × B) ˆ (A × C) number of subsets of S is
(d) None of these (a) 64 (b)32
18. If A, B and C are any three sets, then (c) 40 (d)20
A – (B ‰ C) is equal to 29. The number of non-empty subsets of
(a) (A – B) ‰ (A – C) the set {1, 2, 3, 4} is
(a) 15 (b)14
(b) (A – B) ˆ (A – C)
(c) 16 (d)17
(c) (A – B) ‰ C
30. The smallest set A such that A ‰ {1,
(d) (A – B) ˆ C 2} = {1, 2, 3, 5, 9} is
19. If A, B and C are non-empty sets, (a) {2, 3, 5} (b){3, 5, 9}
then (A – B) ‰ (B – A) equals (c) {1, 2, 5, 9} (d)None of these
(a) (A ‰ B) – B 31. If A ˆ B = B, then
(b) A – (A ˆ B) (a) A  B (b) B  A
(c) (A ‰ B) – (A ˆ B) (c) A I (d) B I
(d) (A ˆ B) ‰ (A ‰ B) 32. If A and B are two sets, then
20. If A {2, 4 , 5}, B {7, 8 , 9}, then n( A u B) is A ‰ B A ˆ B iff
equal to (a) A Ž B (b) B Ž A
(a) 6 (b)9 (c) A B (d)None of these
(c) 3 (d)0 33. Let A and B be two sets. Then
21. If the set A has p elements, B has q (a) A ‰ B Ž A ˆ B (b)A ˆ B Ž A ‰ B
elements, then the number of (c) A ˆ B = A ‰ B (d)None of these
elements in A × B is 34. Let A {( x , y ) : y e x , x  R} ,
(a) p  q (b) p  q  1 B {( x , y ) : y e  x , x  R}. Then
(c) pq (d) p 2 (a) A ˆ B I (b) A ˆ B z I
22. If A {a, b}, B {c, d }, C {d, e }, then
(c) A ‰ B R 2 (d)None of these
{(a, c), (a, d ), (a, e ), (b, c), (b, d ), (b, e )} is equal to 35. If A = {2, 3, 4, 8, 10}, B = {3, 4, 5,
(a) A ˆ (B ‰ C) (b)A ‰ (B ˆ C) 10, 12}, C = {4, 5, 6, 12, 14} then
(c) A × (B ‰ C) (d)A × (B ˆ C) (A ˆ B) ‰ (A ˆ C) is equal to
23. If P, Q and R are subsets of a set A, (a) {3, 4, 10} (b){2, 8, 10}
then R × (Pc ‰ Qc)c = (c) {4, 5, 6} (d){3, 5, 14}
(a) (R × P) ˆ (R × Q) (b) (R u Q ) ˆ (R u P) 36. If A and B are any two sets, then
(c) (R u P ) ‰ (R u Q) (d)None of these A ˆ (A ‰ B) is equal to
24. In rule method the null set is (a) A (b)B
represented by (c) A c (d) B c
(a) {} (b) I 37. If A, B, C be three sets such that
(c) {x : x x } (d) { x : x z x } A ‰ B = A ‰ C and A ˆ B = A ˆ C,
25. A { x : x z x } represents then
(a) {0} (b){} (a) A = B (b)B = C
(c) {1} (d){x} (c) A = C (d)A = B = C
­ 1 ½ 38. Let A = {a, b, c}, B = {b, c, d}, C = {a,
26. If Q ®x : x , where y  N ¾ , then b, d, e}, then A ˆ (B ‰ C) is
¯ y ¿
(a) {a, b, c} (b){b, c, d}
(a) 0  Q (b) 1  Q
(c) {a, b, d, e} (d){e}
2
(c) 2  Q (d)  Q 39. If A and B are sets, then A ˆ (B – A)
3
27. Which set is the subset of all given
is
sets (a) I (b)A
(a) {1, 2, 3, 4,......} (b){1} (c) B (d)None of these
(c) {0} (d){ } 40. If A and B are two sets, then
A ˆ ( A ‰ B)c is equal to
3 Sets & Relation

(a) A (b)B Relations

(c) I (d)None of these 51. Let A = {1, 2, 3}. The total number of
41. Let U {1, 2, 3, 4 , 5, 6, 7, 8 , 9, 10 } , distinct relations that can be
A {1, 2, 5}, B {6, 7} , then A ˆ Bc is defined over A is
(a) 2 9 (b)6
(a) Bc (b)A
(c) Ac (d)B (c) 8 (d)None of these
42. If A is any set, then 52. Let X {1, 2, 3, 4 , 5} and Y {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} .
(a) A ‰ Ac I (b) A ‰ Ac U Which of the following is/are
relations from X to Y
(c) A ˆ Ac U (d)None of these
(a) R1 {( x , y)| y 2  x , x  X , y  Y }
43. If N a [an : n  N }, then N 5 ˆ N 7
(a) N 7 (b)N (b) R2 {(1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 3), (4 , 3), (5, 5 )}

(c) N 35 (d) N 5 (c) R3 {(1, 1), (1, 3)(3, 5 ), (3, 7), (5 , 7)}
44. If aN {ax : x  N }, then the set 3 N ˆ 7 N (d) R4 {(1, 3), (2, 5), (2, 4 ), (7, 9)}
is 53. Given two finite sets A and B such
(a) 21 N (b)10 N that n(A) = 2, n(B) = 3. Then total
(c) 4 N (d)None of these number of relations from A to B is
45. The shaded region in the given figure (a) 4 (b)8
is (c) 64 (d)None of these
A
(a) A ˆ (B ‰ C) 54. The relation R defined on the set of
natural numbers as {(a, b) : a differs
(b) A ‰ (B ˆ C)
from b by 3}, is given by
(c) A ˆ (B – C) C B
(a) {(1, 4, (2, 5), (3, 6),.....}
(d) A – (B ‰ C) (b) {(4, 1), (5, 2), (6, 3),.....}
46. If A and B are two sets then (A – B) ‰ (c) {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9),..}
(B – A) ‰ (A ˆ B) is equal to (d) None of these
(a) A ‰ B (b)A ˆ B 55. The relation R is defined on the set of
(c) A (d) Bc natural numbers as {(a, b) : a = 2b}.
47. Let A and B be two sets then Then R 1 is given by
( A ‰ B)c ‰ ( Ac ˆ B) is equal to
(a) {(2, 1), (4, 2), (6, 3).....}
(a) Ac (b)A (b) {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6)....}
(c) Bc (d)None of these
(c) R 1 is not defined
48. Let U be the universal set and
A‰B‰C U . Then (d) None of these
{( A  B ) ‰ (B  C ) ‰ (C  A )}c is equal to 56. The relation R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3),
(a) A ‰ B ‰ C (b) A ‰ (B ˆ C) (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3)} on set A = {1, 2, 3}
is
(c) A ˆ B ˆ C (d) A ˆ (B ‰ C)
(a) Reflexive but not symmetric
49. If n( A) 3 , n(B) 6 and A Ž B . Then the
(b) Reflexive but not transitive
number of elements in A ‰ B is equal
(c) Symmetric and Transitive
to
(d) Neither symmetric nor transitive
(a) 3 (b)9
57. The relation “less than” in the set of
(c) 6 (d)None of these natural numbers is
50. Let A and B be two sets such that (a) Only symmetric
n( A) 0 . 16 , n(B) 0 . 14 , n( A ‰ B ) 0 . 25 . Then (b) Only transitive
n( A ˆ B) is equal to (c) Only reflexive
(a) 0.3 (b)0.5 (d) Equivalence relation
(c) 0.05 (d)None of these 58. Let P {( x , y )| x 2  y 2 1, x , y  R} . Then P is
(a) Reflexive
(b) Symmetric
4 Sets & Relation

(c) Transitive 67. Let n(A) = n. Then the number of all

(d) Anti-symmetric relations on A is
59. Let R be an equivalence relation on a (a) 2 n (b) 2 (n)!
finite set A having n elements. Then (c) 2 n
2
(d)None of these
the number of ordered pairs in R is
68. If R is a relation from a finite set A
(a) Less than n having m elements to a finite set B
(b) Greater than or equal to n having n elements, then the
(c) Less than or equal to n number of relations from A to B is
(d) None of these (a) 2 mn (b) 2 mn  1
(c) 2mn (d) m n
60. For real numbers x and y, we write
69. Let R be a reflexive relation on a
xRy œ x  y  2 is an irrational
finite set A having n-
number. Then the relation R is
elements, and let there be m
(a) Reflexive (b)Symmetric ordered pairs in R. Then
(c) Transitive (d)None of these (a) m t n (b) m d n
61. Let X be a family of sets and R be a (c) m n (d)None of these
relation on X defined by ‘A is disjoint 70. The relation R defined on the set A =
from B’. Then R is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} by
(a) Reflexive (b)Symmetric R = {(x, y) : | x 2  y 2 |  16 } is given by
(c) Anti-symmetric (d)Transitive (a) {(1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1), (4, 1), (2, 3)}
62. If R is a relation from a set A to a (b) {(2, 2), (3, 2), (4, 2), (2, 4)}
set B and S is a relation from B to a (c) {(3, 3), (3, 4), (5, 4), (4, 3), (3, 1)}
set C, then the relation SoR (d) None of these
(a) Is from A to C (b)Is from C to A 71. A relation R is defined from {2, 3, 4, 5}
(c) Does not exist (d)None of these to {3, 6, 7, 10} by xRy œ x is
63. If R  A u B and S  B u C be two relatively prime to y. Then domain
1 of R is
relations, then (SoR )
(a) {2, 3, 5} (b){3, 5}
(a) S 1 oR 1 (b) R 1 oS 1 (c) {2, 3, 4} (d){2, 3, 4, 5}
(c) SoR (d) RoS 72. Let R be a relation on N defined by
64. If R be a relation < from A = {1,2, 3, x  2 y 8 . The domain of R is
4} to B = {1, 3, 5} i.e., (a, b)  R œ a  b, (a) {2, 4, 8} (b){2, 4, 6, 8}
then RoR 1 is (c) {2, 4, 6} (d){1, 2, 3, 4}
(a) {(1, 3), (1, 5), (2, 3), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5)} 73. If R {( x , y )| x , y  Z, x 2  y 2 d 4 } is a
(b) {(3, 1) (5, 1), (3, 2), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4)} relation in Z, then domain of R is
(c) {(3, 3), (3, 5), (5, 3), (5, 5)} (a) {0, 1, 2} (b){0, – 1, – 2}
(d) {(3, 3) (3, 4), (4, 5)} (c) {– 2, – 1, 0, 1, 2} (d)None of these
65. A relation from P to Q is 74. R is a relation from {11, 12, 13} to {8,
10, 12} defined by y x  3 . Then R 1
(a) A universal set of P × Q
is
(b) P × Q
(a) {(8, 11), (10, 13)}
(c) An equivalent set of P × Q (b) {(11, 18), (13, 10)}
(d) A subset of P × Q (c) {(10, 13), (8, 11)}
66. Let A = {a, b, c} and B = {1, 2}. (d) None of these
Consider a relation R defined from 75. Let A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {1, 3, 5}. If
set A to set B. Then R is equal to relation R from A to B is given by R
set ={(1, 3), (2, 5), (3, 3)}. Then R 1 is
(a) A (b)B (a) {(3, 3), (3, 1), (5, 2)}
(c) A × B (d)B × A (b) {(1, 3), (2, 5), (3, 3)}
(c) {(1, 3), (5, 2)}
5 Sets & Relation

(d) None of these (a) Every (a, b)  R (b)No (a, b )  R

76. Let R be a reflexive relation on a set (c) No (a, b), a z b, R (d)None of these
A and I be the identity relation on
A. Then 84. In the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, a
relation R is defined by
(a) R  I (b) I  R
(c) R I (d)None of these R = {(x, y)| x, y  A and x < y}. Then
R is
77. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and R be a
relation in A given by R = {(1, 1), (2, (a) Reflexive (b)Symmetric
2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (1, 2), (2, 1), (3, 1), (c) Transitive (d)None of these
(1, 3)}. 85. Let A be the non-void set of the
Then R is children in a family. The relation cx
(a) Reflexive (b)Symmetric is a brother of y c on A is
(c) Transitive (a) Reflexive (b)Symmetric
(d) An equivalence relation (c) Transitive (d)None of these
78. An integer m is said to be related to 86. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and let R= {(2, 2),
another integer n if m is a multiple (3, 3), (4, 4), (1, 2)} be a relation on
of n. Then the relation is A. Then R is
(a) Reflexive and symmetric (a) Reflexive (b)Symmetric
(b) Reflexive and transitive (c) Transitive (d)None of these
(c) Symmetric and transitive
87. The void relation on a set A is
(d) Equivalence relation
(a) Reflexive
79. The relation R defined in N as aRb œ b
is divisible by a is (b) Symmetric and transitive
(a) Reflexive but not symmetric (c) Reflexive and symmetric
(b) Symmetric but not transitive (d) Reflexive and transitive
(c) Symmetric and transitive 88. Let R1 be a relation defined by
(d) None of these R1 {(a, b)| a t b, a, b  R} . Then R1 is
80. Let R be a relation on a set A such (a) An equivalence relation on R
that R R 1 , then R is (b) Reflexive, transitive but not
(a) Reflexive (b)Symmetric symmetric
(c) Transitive (d)None of these (c) Symmetric, Transitive but not
81. Let R = {(a, a)} be a relation on a set reflexive
A. Then R is (d) Neither transitive not reflexive
(a) Symmetric but symmetric
(b) Antisymmetric 89. Which one of the following relations
(c) Symmetric and antisymmetric on R is an equivalence relation
(d) Neither symmetric nor anti- (a) a R1 b œ| a | | b | (b) aR 2 b œ a t b
symmetric (c) aR 3 b œ a divides b (d) aR 4 b œ a  b
82. The relation "is subset of" on the 90. If R is an equivalence relation on a
power set P(A) of a set A is set A, then R 1 is
(a) Symmetric (a) Reflexive only
(b) Anti-symmetric (b) Symmetric but not transitive
(c) Equivalency relation (c) Equivalence
(d) None of these (d) None of these
83. The relation R defined on a set A is
antisymmetric if (a, b )  R Ÿ (b, a)  R for
2 Sets & Relation

Answer Key
1 d 2 b 3 a 4 c 5 c
6 b 7 a 8 d 9 c 10 b
11 c 12 b 13 c 14 b 15 c
16 d 17 a 18 b 19 c 20 b
21 c 22 c 23 ab 24 d 25 b
26 b 27 d 28 b 29 a 30 b
31 b 32 c 33 b 34 b 35 a
36 a 37 b 38 a 39 a 40 c
41 b 42 b 43 c 44 a 45 d
46 a 47 a 48 c 49 c 50 c
51 a 52 a,b,c 53 c 54 b 55 b
56 a 57 b 58 b 59 b 60 a
61 b 62 a 63 b 64 c 65 d
66 c 67 c 68 a 69 a 70 d
71 d 72 c 73 c 74 a 75 a
76 b 77 a,b 78 b 79 a 80 b
81 c 82 b 83 c 84 c 85 bc
86 c 87 b 88 b 89 a 90 c